C# 串口通信 最基础程序（附带注释）

前提
C#要实现串口通信一定要创建一个Form

源码及说明
这是一个连接COM3串口，通过键盘摁键发出信息的基础程序（摁键对应小键盘的1,2,3）

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.IO.Ports;
using System.Text.RegularExpressions;

namespace 上位机串口程序
{
    public partial class Form1 : Form
    {
        SerialPort sp1 = new SerialPort();
        public Form1()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            Control.CheckForIllegalCrossThreadCalls = false;    //这个类中我们不检查跨线程的调用是否合法(因为.net 2.0以后加强了安全机制,，不允许在winform中直接跨线程访问控件的属性)
            sp1.DataReceived += new SerialDataReceivedEventHandler(sp1_DataReceived);//接收到数据时的委托事件
            //sp1.ReceivedBytesThreshold = 1;
            //准备就绪              
            sp1.DtrEnable = true;
            sp1.RtsEnable = true;
            //设置数据读取超时为1秒
            sp1.ReadTimeout = 1000;
            sp1.Close();

            if (!sp1.IsOpen)
            {
                sp1.PortName = "COM3";
                sp1.BaudRate = 4800;       //波特率
                sp1.DataBits = 8;       //数据位
                sp1.StopBits = StopBits.One;
                sp1.Parity = Parity.None;
                if (sp1.IsOpen == true)//如果打开状态，则先关闭一下
                {
                    sp1.Close();
                }
                sp1.Open();     //打开串口
                judge.Text = "串口连接成功";
            }
        }

        //委托方法
        void sp1_DataReceived(object sender, SerialDataReceivedEventArgs e)
        {
            byte[] byteRead = new byte[sp1.BytesToRead];    //BytesToRead:sp1接收的字符个数
            Byte[] receivedData = new Byte[sp1.BytesToRead];        //创建接收字节数组
            sp1.Read(receivedData, 0, receivedData.Length);         //读取数据
            sp1.DiscardInBuffer();                                  //清空SerialPort控件的Buffer
            string strRcv = null;
            for (int i = 0; i < receivedData.Length; i++) //窗体显示
            {
                strRcv += receivedData[i].ToString("X2");  //16进制显示
            }
            receive.Text += strRcv + "\r\n";
        }


        void text_send(string send_str)
        {
            String strSend = send_str;
            string sendBuf = strSend;
            string sendnoNull = sendBuf.Trim();
            string sendNOComma = sendnoNull.Replace(',', ' ');    
            string sendNOComma1 = sendNOComma.Replace('，', ' '); 
            string strSendNoComma2 = sendNOComma1.Replace("0x", "");   
            strSendNoComma2.Replace("0X", "");   
            string[] strArray = strSendNoComma2.Split(' ');
            int byteBufferLength = strArray.Length;
            for (int i = 0; i < strArray.Length; i++)
            {
                if (strArray[i] == "")
                {
                    byteBufferLength--;
                }
            }

            byte[] byteBuffer = new byte[byteBufferLength];
            int ii = 0;
            for (int i = 0; i < strArray.Length; i++)       
            {
                Byte[] bytesOfStr = Encoding.Default.GetBytes(strArray[i]);
                int decNum = 0;
                if (strArray[i] == "")
                {
                    continue;
                }
                else
                {
                    decNum = Convert.ToInt32(strArray[i], 16); 
                }
                    byteBuffer[ii] = Convert.ToByte(decNum);
                ii++;
            }
            sp1.Write(byteBuffer, 0, byteBuffer.Length);
        }

        private void Form1_KeyUp(object sender, KeyEventArgs e)
        {
            switch(e.KeyValue)
            {
                case 97: text_send("01"); break;
                case 98: text_send("02"); break;
                case 99: text_send("03"); break;
                default:text_send("04");break;
            }
        }
    }
}