LockSupport介绍
LockSupport是用来创建锁和其他同步类的基本线程阻塞原语。LockSupport中的park() 和 unpark() 的作用分别是阻塞线程和解除阻塞线程,而且park()和unpark()不会遇到Thread.suspend 和 Thread.resume所可能引发的死锁问题。因为park() 和 unpark()有许可的存在,调用 park() 的线程和另一个试图将其 unpark() 的线程之间的竞争将保持活性。
LockSupport方法列表
// 返回提供给最近一次尚未解除阻塞的park方法调用的blocker对象,如果该调用不受阻塞,则返回 null
static Object getBlocker(Thread t)
// 为了线程调度,禁用当前线程,除非许可可用
static void park()
// 为了线程调度,在许可可用之前禁用当前线程
static void park(Object blocker)
// 为了线程调度禁用当前线程,最多等待指定的等待时间,除非许可可用
static void parkNanos(long nanos)
// 为了线程调度,在许可可用前禁用当前线程,并最多等待指定的等待时间
static void parkNanos(Object blocker, long nanos)
// 为了线程调度,在指定的时限前禁用当前线程,除非许可可用
static void parkUntil(long deadline)
// 为了线程调度,在指定的时限前禁用当前线程,除非许可可用
static void parkUntil(Object blocker, long deadline)
// 如果给定线程的许可尚不可用,则使其可用
static void unpark(Thread thread)
LockSupport源码
public class LockSupport {
private LockSupport() {} // Cannot be instantiated.
// Hotspot implementation via intrinsics API
private static final Unsafe unsafe = Unsafe.getUnsafe();
private static final long parkBlockerOffset;
static {
try {
parkBlockerOffset = unsafe.objectFieldOffset
(java.lang.Thread.class.getDeclaredField("parkBlocker"));
} catch (Exception ex) { throw new Error(ex); }
}
private static void setBlocker(Thread t, Object arg) {
// Even though volatile, hotspot doesn't need a write barrier here.
unsafe.putObject(t, parkBlockerOffset, arg);
}
/**
* Makes available the permit for the given thread, if it
* was not already available. If the thread was blocked on
* {@code park} then it will unblock. Otherwise, its next call
* to {@code park} is guaranteed not to block. This operation
* is not guaranteed to have any effect at all if the given
* thread has not been started.
*
* @param thread the thread to unpark, or {@code null}, in which case
* this operation has no effect
*/
public static void unpark(Thread thread) {
if (thread != null)
unsafe.unpark(thread);
}
/**
* Disables the current thread for thread scheduling purposes unless the
* permit is available.
*
* <p>If the permit is available then it is consumed and the call returns
* immediately; otherwise
* the current thread becomes disabled for thread scheduling
* purposes and lies dormant until one of three things happens:
*
* <ul>
* <li>Some other thread invokes {@link #unpark unpark} with the
* current thread as the target; or
*
* <li>Some other thread {@linkplain Thread#interrupt interrupts}
* the current thread; or
*
* <li>The call spuriously (that is, for no reason) returns.
* </ul>
*
* <p>This method does <em>not</em> report which of these caused the
* method to return. Callers should re-check the conditions which caused
* the thread to park in the first place. Callers may also determine,
* for example, the interrupt status of the thread upon return.
*
* @param blocker the synchronization object responsible for this
* thread parking
* @since 1.6
*/
public static void park(Object blocker) {
Thread t = Thread.currentThread();
setBlocker(t, blocker);
unsafe.park(false, 0L);
setBlocker(t, null);
}
/**
* Disables the current thread for thread scheduling purposes, for up to
* the specified waiting time, unless the permit is available.
*
* <p>If the permit is available then it is consumed and the call
* returns immediately; otherwise the current thread becomes disabled
* for thread scheduling purposes and lies dormant until one of four
* things happens:
*
* <ul>
* <li>Some other thread invokes {@link #unpark unpark} with the
* current thread as the target; or
*
* <li>Some other thread {@linkplain Thread#interrupt interrupts}
* the current thread; or
*
* <li>The specified waiting time elapses; or
*
* <li>The call spuriously (that is, for no reason) returns.
* </ul>
*
* <p>This method does <em>not</em> report which of these caused the
* method to return. Callers should re-check the conditions which caused
* the thread to park in the first place. Callers may also determine,
* for example, the interrupt status of the thread, or the elapsed time
* upon return.
*
* @param blocker the synchronization object responsible for this
* thread parking
* @param nanos the maximum number of nanoseconds to wait
* @since 1.6
*/
public static void parkNanos(Object blocker, long nanos) {
if (nanos > 0) {
Thread t = Thread.currentThread();
setBlocker(t, blocker);
unsafe.park(false, nanos);
setBlocker(t, null);
}
}
/**
* Disables the current thread for thread scheduling purposes, until
* the specified deadline, unless the permit is available.
*
* <p>If the permit is available then it is consumed and the call
* returns immediately; otherwise the current thread becomes disabled
* for thread scheduling purposes and lies dormant until one of four
* things happens:
*
* <ul>
* <li>Some other thread invokes {@link #unpark unpark} with the
* current thread as the target; or
*
* <li>Some other thread {@linkplain Thread#interrupt interrupts} the
* current thread; or
*
* <li>The specified deadline passes; or
*
* <li>The call spuriously (that is, for no reason) returns.
* </ul>
*
* <p>This method does <em>not</em> report which of these caused the
* method to return. Callers should re-check the conditions which caused
* the thread to park in the first place. Callers may also determine,
* for example, the interrupt status of the thread, or the current time
* upon return.
*
* @param blocker the synchronization object responsible for this
* thread parking
* @param deadline the absolute time, in milliseconds from the Epoch,
* to wait until
* @since 1.6
*/
public static void parkUntil(Object blocker, long deadline) {
Thread t = Thread.currentThread();
setBlocker(t, blocker);
unsafe.park(true, deadline);
setBlocker(t, null);
}
/**
* Returns the blocker object supplied to the most recent
* invocation of a park method that has not yet unblocked, or null
* if not blocked. The value returned is just a momentary
* snapshot -- the thread may have since unblocked or blocked on a
* different blocker object.
*
* @param t the thread
* @return the blocker
* @throws NullPointerException if argument is null
* @since 1.6
*/
public static Object getBlocker(Thread t) {
if (t == null)
throw new NullPointerException();
return unsafe.getObjectVolatile(t, parkBlockerOffset);
}
/**
* Disables the current thread for thread scheduling purposes unless the
* permit is available.
*
* <p>If the permit is available then it is consumed and the call
* returns immediately; otherwise the current thread becomes disabled
* for thread scheduling purposes and lies dormant until one of three
* things happens:
*
* <ul>
*
* <li>Some other thread invokes {@link #unpark unpark} with the
* current thread as the target; or
*
* <li>Some other thread {@linkplain Thread#interrupt interrupts}
* the current thread; or
*
* <li>The call spuriously (that is, for no reason) returns.
* </ul>
*
* <p>This method does <em>not</em> report which of these caused the
* method to return. Callers should re-check the conditions which caused
* the thread to park in the first place. Callers may also determine,
* for example, the interrupt status of the thread upon return.
*/
public static void park() {
unsafe.park(false, 0L);
}
/**
* Disables the current thread for thread scheduling purposes, for up to
* the specified waiting time, unless the permit is available.
*
* <p>If the permit is available then it is consumed and the call
* returns immediately; otherwise the current thread becomes disabled
* for thread scheduling purposes and lies dormant until one of four
* things happens:
*
* <ul>
* <li>Some other thread invokes {@link #unpark unpark} with the
* current thread as the target; or
*
* <li>Some other thread {@linkplain Thread#interrupt interrupts}
* the current thread; or
*
* <li>The specified waiting time elapses; or
*
* <li>The call spuriously (that is, for no reason) returns.
* </ul>
*
* <p>This method does <em>not</em> report which of these caused the
* method to return. Callers should re-check the conditions which caused
* the thread to park in the first place. Callers may also determine,
* for example, the interrupt status of the thread, or the elapsed time
* upon return.
*
* @param nanos the maximum number of nanoseconds to wait
*/
public static void parkNanos(long nanos) {
if (nanos > 0)
unsafe.park(false, nanos);
}
/**
* Disables the current thread for thread scheduling purposes, until
* the specified deadline, unless the permit is available.
*
* <p>If the permit is available then it is consumed and the call
* returns immediately; otherwise the current thread becomes disabled
* for thread scheduling purposes and lies dormant until one of four
* things happens:
*
* <ul>
* <li>Some other thread invokes {@link #unpark unpark} with the
* current thread as the target; or
*
* <li>Some other thread {@linkplain Thread#interrupt interrupts}
* the current thread; or
*
* <li>The specified deadline passes; or
*
* <li>The call spuriously (that is, for no reason) returns.
* </ul>
*
* <p>This method does <em>not</em> report which of these caused the
* method to return. Callers should re-check the conditions which caused
* the thread to park in the first place. Callers may also determine,
* for example, the interrupt status of the thread, or the current time
* upon return.
*
* @param deadline the absolute time, in milliseconds from the Epoch,
* to wait until
*/
public static void parkUntil(long deadline) {
unsafe.park(true, deadline);
}
}
说明:LockSupport是通过调用Unsafe函数中的接口实现阻塞和解除阻塞的
LockSupport示例
示例1:
public class WaitTest1 {
public static void main(String args[]) {
ThreadA ta = new ThreadA("ta");
synchronized (ta) {
try {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " start ta.");
ta.start();
Thread.sleep(1000);
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " block.");
ta.wait();
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " continue.");
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
static class ThreadA extends Thread {
public ThreadA(String name) {
super(name);
}
public void run() {
synchronized (this) {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " wake up others.");
notify();
}
}
}
}
//结果
main start ta.
main block.
ta wake up others.
main continue.
示例2:
public class LockSupportTest2 {
private static Thread mainThread;
public static void main(String args) {
ThreadA ta = new ThreadA("ta");
mainThread = Thread.currentThread();
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " start ta.");
ta.start();
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " block.");
LockSupport.park(mainThread);
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " continue.");
}
static class ThreadA extends Thread {
public ThreadA(String name) {
super(name);
}
public void run() {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " wake up others.");
LockSupport.unpark(mainThread);
}
}
}
//结果
main start ta.
main block.
ta wake up others.
main continue.
说明:park和wait的区别——wait让线程阻塞前,必须先通过synchronized获取同步锁(即调用某个对象的wait()阻塞某个线程时必须保证该线程持有该对象为锁
);park不需要获取同步锁,而且可以指定需要阻塞的线程