Spring Cloud 应用如何接入 Nacos 注册中心和使用 Nacos 作

1.spring-boot-starter-parent 与 spring-boot-dependencies

spring-boot-starter-parent 与 spring-boot-dependencies - 简书

Spring Boot的每个发布版本都会规划它所支持的依赖项。实际上，你不用指定这些依赖项的版本号，因为Spring Boot都为你管理好了。当更新Spring Boot时，会相应的更新依赖。

spring-cloud-dependencies也是一个依赖管理器的pom文件，与spring-boot-starter-parent的作用一样，不同的是spring-cloud-dependencies是对cloud的依赖管理。如：spring-cloud-starter-config、spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server

 

2.nacos

Spring Cloud 应用如何接入 Nacos 注册中心和使用 Nacos 作为配置中心_springcloud 链接nacos-CSDN博客

springboot2.7.18

启动类加注解
<parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.7.18</version>
        <relativePath/> 
</parent>
<properties>
        <app.release.version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</app.release.version>
        <java.version>21</java.version>
        <!--指定Maven用什么编码来读取源码及文档 -->
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <!--指定Maven用什么编码来呈现站点的HTML文件 -->
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <spring-cloud-alibaba.version>2021.0.4.0</spring-cloud-alibaba.version>
        <spring.cloud.version>2021.0.5</spring.cloud.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-loadbalancer</artifactId>
        </dependency>
		<dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
        </dependency>
		 <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.nacos</groupId>
            <artifactId>nacos-client</artifactId>
            <version>2.3.0</version>
        </dependency>

</dependencies>

<dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring.cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-boot.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud-alibaba.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
启动类加注解在启动类上使用@EnableDiscoveryClient 注解开启服务注册与发现功能
//@EnableDiscoveryClient
//@EnableFeignClients

3.nacos 配置中心的用法

<dependency>
     <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
     <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-config</artifactId>
</dependency>

bootstrap.yml 的配置和注册的配置信息

spring:
  application:
    name: xxljob
  cloud:
    nacos:
      server-addr: ${NACOS_SERVER_ADDR:xxx}
      username: ${NACOS_USERNAME:nacos}
      password: ${NACOS_PASSWORD:xxx}
      config: #配置
        namespace: ${NACOS_NAMESPACE:xxx}
        name: ${NACOS_CONFIG_FILE:service-job}
        #name: ${NACOS_CONFIG_FILE:service-local}
        file-extension: yaml
      discovery: #注册
        server-addr: xxx
        namespace: xxx
@EnableDiscoveryClient

4.nacos 注册中心

 <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-loadbalancer</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-openfeign-core</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.github.openfeign</groupId>
            <artifactId>feign-core</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!-- openfeign依赖 1. http客户端选择okhttp 2. loadbalancer替换ribbon -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
        </dependency>

springboot启动类添加注解：@EnableDiscoveryClient，实现服务发现


@SpringBootApplication(exclude = { DataSourceAutoConfiguration.class })
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class ContentApplication
{
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        SpringApplication.run(ContentApplication.class, args);
        System.out.println("(♥◠‿◠)ﾉﾞ  启动成功   ლ(´ `ლ)ﾞ");
    }
}
服务提供方提供的服务接口：

@RequestMapping(value = "/echo/{string}", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String echo(@PathVariable String string) {
        return "Hello Nacos Discovery " + string;
    }

5.openfeign

服务消费方代码示例

 <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
        </dependency>
 
        <!-- 用来做负载均衡 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-loadbalancer</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        
        <!-- 提供了注解的方式调用服务，简化了http请求 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
        </dependency>
spring:  
  cloud:
    nacos:
      discovery:
        ##nacos的地址
        server-addr: 127.0.0.1:8848
        ##nacos的命名空间ID
        namespace: d5afac56-78a0-48e5-ac76-c6e13c96f35f
  application:
    ##应用名称，全局唯一，一个nacos中应用名不可重复
    name: consumer


消费端的服务启动类增加注解：@EnableFeignClients
@SpringBootApplication(exclude = { DataSourceAutoConfiguration.class })
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@EnableFeignClients
public class CAApplication
{
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        SpringApplication.run(CAApplication.class, args);
        System.out.println("(♥◠‿◠)ﾉﾞ  消费端启动成功   ლ(´ `ლ)ﾞ");
    }
 
}
通过feign调用服务端接口
@FeignClient("service_provider")//注解填写服务名称，即可实现服务接口的负载均衡调用
@Component  //将该接口声明为spring组件，交由spring管理
public interface IContentClient {
 
    //该地址为服务端提供的接口地址
    @GetMapping("/content/echo/{string}")
    public String echo(@PathVariable("string")String string);
}

编写一个controller类调用上面组件的接口
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/ca")
public class CAController {
 
 
    @Autowired
    private IContentClient contentClient;
 
    @RequestMapping(value = "/echo/{str}", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String echo(@PathVariable String str) {
 
        return contentClient.echo(str);
    }
}