在Windows上搭建Flutter开发环境
准备工具
1.操作系统: Windows 7 或更高版本 (64-bit)
2.磁盘空间: 400 MB (不包括Android Studio的磁盘空间).
3.Git for Windows (Git命令行工具)
4.Android Studio (版本3.0 +)
第一步:安装git
本章主要介绍安装Flutter,此处省略Git安装
第二步:安装Flutter
打开一个新的命令提示符或PowerShell窗口并运行以下命令
// 进入D盘
C:\Users>D:
// 下载 Flutter 到D盘根目录
D:\>git clone -b beta https://github.com/flutter/flutter.git
配置环境变量
Flutter环境变量:Path = D:\flutter\bin
添加用户环境变量:PUB_HOSTED_URL = https://pub.flutter-io.cn
添加用户环境变量:FLUTTER_STORAGE_BASE_URL = https://storage.flutter-io.cn
// 检查 Flutter依赖安装(下载它自己的依赖项并自行编译,这一步会耗费一些时间)
D:\>flutter doctor
第三步:Android Studio配置
启动Android Studio,然后执行“Android Studio安装向导”。这将安装最新的Android SDK,Android SDK平台工具和Android SDK构建工具,这是Flutter为Android开发时所必需的
安装Flutter和Dart插件
- Flutter插件: 支持Flutter开发工作流 (运行、调试、热重载等).
- Dart插件: 提供代码分析 (输入代码时进行验证、代码补全等).
1.启动Android Studio.
2.打开插件首选项 (Preferences>Plugins on macOS, File>Settings>Plugins on Windows & Linux).
3.选择 Browse repositories…, 选择 Flutter 插件并点击 install.
4.重启Android Studio后插件生效.
错误解决
我第一次安装执行flutter doctor时遇见错误
[√] Flutter (Channel beta, v1.5.4-hotfix.2, on Microsoft Windows [Version 10.0.17134.765], locale zh-CN) [!] Android toolchain - develop for Android devices (Android SDK version 28.0.3) ! Some Android licenses not accepted. To resolve this, run: flutter doctor --android-licenses [!] Android Studio (version 3.0) X Flutter plugin not installed; this adds Flutter specific functionality. X Dart plugin not installed; this adds Dart specific functionality. [!] Connected device ! No devices available
第一个说Flutter已经安装完毕
第二个报错Flutter需要AndroidSDK28.0.3支持
第三个报错 Android Studio (version 3.0),没有安装Flutter 和Dart 插件
第四个报警没有可用设备(测试使用得 虚拟机或真机)
.
将以上错误逐一解决就完成了Flutter安装,打开AS便可创建Flutter项目了。
.
如果发现有 ‘ ! Some Android licenses not accepted. To resolve this, run: flutter doctor --android-licenses’ 错误
执行 : flutter doctor --android-licenses 一路 y 下去就行了
正确显示应为
C:\Users>flutter doctor
Doctor summary (to see all details, run flutter doctor -v):
[√] Flutter (Channel beta, v1.5.4-hotfix.2, on Microsoft Windows [Version 10.0.17134.765], locale zh-CN)
[√] Android toolchain - develop for Android devices (Android SDK version 28.0.3)
[√] Android Studio (version 3.0)
[√] Connected device (1 available)
• No issues found!
运行
flutter run
报错:
Flutter assets will be downloaded from https://storage.flutter-io.cn. Make sure you trust this source!
Using hardware rendering with device sdk gphone64 x86 64. If you notice graphics artifacts, consider enabling software rendering with
"--enable-software-rendering".
Launching lib\main.dart on sdk gphone64 x86 64 in debug mode...
Exception in thread "main" java.net.ConnectException: Connection timed out: connect
大多原因是本地环境不能连接外网,环境构建和项目第一次运行时都要拉取相关依赖。此时需要配代理、梯子站源,但还是time out,具体原因未知,
本次问题解决方案:项目下\android\gradle\wrapper\gradle-wrapper.properties内distributionUrl,下载gradle-*.zip文件放在本地,将distributionUrl修改成本地路径