kvm虚拟化安装学习（二)

一、安装前准备

1.环境准备

2.安装kvm前准备工作

（1）. 确定处理器有 VT

命令行： grep vmx /proc/cpuinfo (INTEL 芯片 )
        grep svm /proc/cpuinfo (AMD 芯片 )
        cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep -e vmx -e nx -e svm

不知道芯片的生产厂商则输入：egrep ‘(vmx|svm)’ /proc/cpuinfo
如果 flags: 里有 vmx 或者 svm 就说明支持 VT ；如果没有任何的输出，说明你的 cpu 不支持，将无法成功安装 KVM 虚拟机。

（2). 当你硬件本身支持虚拟化，但查询相应参数无果时，请检查 BIOS 设定，确认你的 BIOS 中开启了硬件支持虚拟化的功能！

将如下选项设为Enabled
Intel® Virtualization Tech [Enabled]

[root@localhost ~]# egrep '(vmx|svm)' /proc/cpuinfo | wc -l

3.制作本地yum源

[root@localhost ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[root@localhost bak]# ls
CentOS-Base.repo  CentOS-Debuginfo.repo  CentOS-Media.repo    CentOS-Vault.repo
CentOS-CR.repo    CentOS-fasttrack.repo  CentOS-Sources.repo
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# mkdir bak
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# mv C* bak/
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# vim 1.repo 
[1repo]
name=myrepo
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
baseurl=file:///mnt

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum clean all
已加载插件：fastestmirror, langpacks
正在清理软件源： 1repo
Cleaning up list of fastest mirrors
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum repolist
已加载插件：fastestmirror, langpacks
Determining fastest mirrors
1repo                                                       | 3.6 kB  00:00:00     
(1/2): 1repo/group_gz                                       | 166 kB  00:00:00     
(2/2): 1repo/primary_db                                     | 3.1 MB  00:00:00     
源标识                                 源名称                                 状态
1repo                                  myrepo                                 4,021
repolist: 4,021
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum makecache
已加载插件：fastestmirror, langpacks
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
1repo                                                       | 3.6 kB  00:00:00     
(1/2): 1repo/other_db                                       | 1.3 MB  00:00:00     
(2/2): 1repo/filelists_db                                   | 3.2 MB  00:00:00     
元数据缓存已建立

yum install kvm virt-manager libvirt libvirt-python python-virtinst libvirt-client qemu-kvm qemu-img

[root@localhost ~]# modprobe kvm
[root@localhost ~]# lsmod | grep kvm
kvm_intel             183621  0 
kvm                   586948  1 kvm_intel
irqbypass              13503  1 kvm
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start libvirtd
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable libvirtd
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl status libvirtd
● libvirtd.service - Virtualization daemon
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/libvirtd.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
   Active: active (running) since 一 2019-05-27 16:51:03 CST; 32s ago

如出现

[root@localhost ~]# virsh list --all
 Id    名称                         状态
----------------------------------------------------

4.配置br0网桥

Vim ifcfg-ens33
TYPE=Ethernet
NAME=ens33
DEVICE=ens33
ONBOOT=yes
BRIDGE=br0



Vim ifcfg-br0
TYPE=Bridge
NAME=br0
DEVICE=br0
ONBOOT=yes
BOOTPROTO=none
IPADDR=192.168.254.20
PREFIX=24（NETMASK=255.255.255.0）
GATEWAY=192.168.254.1
DNS=192.168.254.251

[root@localhost network-scripts]# systemctl restart network

[root@localhost network-scripts]# ethtool br0
Settings for br0:
        Link detected: yes
[root@localhost network-scripts]# brctl show
bridge name     bridge id               STP enabled     interfaces
br0             8000.000c29729056       no              ens33
virbr0          8000.525400731acf       yes             virbr0-nic
[root@localhost network-scripts]# ifconfig br0
br0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 192.168.30.170  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.30.255
        inet6 fe80::c091:e1ff:fe6a:f448  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
        ether 00:0c:29:72:90:56  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 1630  bytes 149520 (146.0 KiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 146  bytes 20014 (19.5 KiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

不要用ssh工具直接在linux命令行中执行startx进入图形化界面

如果是英文界面可用下面方法汉化：

locale -a #查看是否装了中文包 没有执行下一行
yum install kde-l10n-Chinese -y
localectl set-locale LANG=zh_CN.UTF8

二、kvm虚拟机安装

应用程序——>系统工具——虚拟系统管理器

用ftp工具上传linux的系统镜像文件到主机

[root@localhost ~]# ls | grep CentOS
CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1810.iso
[root@localhost ~]# mv CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1810.iso /var/lib/libvirt/images/