android访问http协议

由于本次笔记是在本机上执行的，所以安装了appache的tomcat服务器，首先认识一下，servlet类，这个类是在tomcat服务器里面进行协议的，tomcat属于协议里面的应用层吧，所以和路由器里面的那层没什么重要的联系，本次是在本机上执行的，因为要进行访问，所以我的手机终端要用到的网管是路由器里面的默认网关，而我的路由器可以发送wifi网络，网关和电脑连接的网关是一致的，所以网络是没有问题的，接下来的问题就是http协议的具体流程了，java里面的tomcat服务器是可以直接加载servlet类的，浏览器可以正常访问，说明servelt的http协议是通的，因为本次用的是post请求数据的，又是传递json数据的，java读取客户端发送过来的消息都是通过流来接受的，所以传递json数据也是通的，接下来就是字符编码的问题了，客户端发送的中文到tomcat这边来默认的不是utf-8，所以servlet在接受客户端发送过来的请求时候需要设置一下接受的字符编码了，这客户端发送的请求已经接收了，现在就是要给客户端发送数据了，不知道什么问题，反正一开始我客户端接受的数据不论怎么解码，编码都是乱码，最终确认了让tomcat默认发送消息头是默认的编码，然后客户端这边用tomcat默认的字符编码解码，然后再编码，乱码问题解决了；现在来看看截图

1.查看本地网络配置

 

服务端的代码:

 

package com.android.test;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Enumeration;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebInitParam;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.json.JSONException;
import org.json.JSONObject;

import netscape.javascript.JSObject;

/**
 * Servlet implementation class AndroidServlet
 */
@WebServlet(urlPatterns = "/Login", name = "AndroidServlet", initParams = {
		@WebInitParam(name = "name", value = "huangxudong"), @WebInitParam(name = "pass", value = "123456") })
public class AndroidServlet extends HttpServlet {
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

	/**
	 * @see HttpServlet#HttpServlet()
	 */
	public AndroidServlet() {
		super();
		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
	}

	/**
	 * @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse
	 *      response)
	 */
	protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		

	}

	/**
	 * @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse
	 *      response)
	 */
	protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response){
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		String nString=response.getContentType();
		StringBuffer stringBuffer = new StringBuffer();
		String name = null;
		String pass = null;
		InputStream inputStream = null;
		try {
			request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
		} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e2) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e2.printStackTrace();
		}
		try {
			inputStream = request.getInputStream();
		} catch (IOException e1) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e1.printStackTrace();
		}
		byte[] bs = new byte[1024];
		int length;
		try {
			while ((length = inputStream.read(bs)) != -1) {
				stringBuffer.append(new String(bs, 0, length,"UTF-8"));
			}
		} catch (IOException e1) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e1.printStackTrace();
		}
		if (stringBuffer != null) {
			JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject(stringBuffer);
			try {
				name = jsonObject.getString("username");
				pass = jsonObject.getString("password");
			} catch (JSONException e) {
				// TODO Auto-generated catch block
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
		if (name != null && pass != null) {
			if (name.equals(getInitParameter("name")) && pass.equals(getInitParameter("pass"))) {
				JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject();
				try {
					jsonObject.put("msg", "112");
					jsonObject.put("date", new Date());
					response.setContentType("application/json");
					response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
					response.getWriter().write(new String(jsonObject.toString().getBytes(),"UTF-8"));
				} catch (JSONException e) {
					// TODO Auto-generated catch block
					e.printStackTrace();
				} catch (IOException e) {
					// TODO Auto-generated catch block
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			
			}
		} else {
			JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject();
			
			try {
				jsonObject.put("msg", "123啊是");
				jsonObject.put("date", new Date());
				response.getWriter().write(jsonObject.toString());
			} catch (JSONException e) {
				// TODO Auto-generated catch block
				e.printStackTrace();
			} catch (IOException e) {
				// TODO Auto-generated catch block
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
			
		}
	}

 

 

 

由于是进行测试，所以代码质量没有在意．．

再来看ａｎｄｒｏｉｄ端的代码：

 

package www.hubei.servlet.myapplication;

import android.support.design.widget.TextInputEditText;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.text.TextUtils;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.AdapterView;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.Toast;

import org.json.JSONException;
import org.json.JSONObject;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLDecoder;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener{
    private TextInputEditText mTextInputEditText,mTextInputEditText1;
    private Button mButton,mButton1;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        mTextInputEditText= (TextInputEditText) findViewById(R.id.et_username);
        mTextInputEditText1= (TextInputEditText) findViewById(R.id.et_userpass);
        mButton= (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_get);
        mButton1= (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_post);
        mButton.setOnClickListener(this);
        mButton1.setOnClickListener(this);
    }
    private void doPost(String username,String password) throws IOException, JSONException {
        if (mTextInputEditText.getText().toString().isEmpty()||mTextInputEditText.getText().toString().equals(null)){
            Toast.makeText(this, "用户名不能为空!!!", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            return;
        }
        if (mTextInputEditText1.getText().toString().isEmpty()||mTextInputEditText1.getText().toString().equals(null)){
            Toast.makeText(this, "用户名密码不能为空!!!", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            return;
        }
        URL url=new URL("http://10.0.2.2:8080/TestHttp/Login");
        HttpURLConnection httpURLConnection= (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
        httpURLConnection.setDoOutput(true);
        httpURLConnection.setDoInput(true);
        httpURLConnection.setRequestMethod("POST");
        httpURLConnection.setConnectTimeout(4000);
        httpURLConnection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/json");
        httpURLConnection.setRequestProperty("Connection", "Keep-Alive");
        httpURLConnection.setRequestProperty("Charset", "UTF-8");

        OutputStream outputStream=httpURLConnection.getOutputStream();
        JSONObject jsonObject=new JSONObject();
        jsonObject.put("username",username);
        jsonObject.put("password",password);
        String url1=new String(jsonObject.toString().getBytes(),"UTF-8");
        StringBuffer stringBuffer=new StringBuffer();
        outputStream.write(url1.getBytes());
        outputStream.flush();
        if (200==httpURLConnection.getResponseCode()){
            InputStream inputStream=httpURLConnection.getInputStream();
            InputStreamReader streamReader=new InputStreamReader(inputStream,"iso8859-1");
            char []bytes=new char[1024];
            int length;
            while ((length=streamReader.read(bytes))!=-1){
                stringBuffer.append(new String(bytes,0,length));
            }
        }
        Log.e("aaa", new String(stringBuffer.toString().getBytes("iso8859-1"),"UTF-8"));
    }

    @Override
    public void onClick(View view) {
        switch (view.getId()){
            case R.id.btn_get:

                break;
            case R.id.btn_post:
                new Thread(){
                    @Override
                    public void run() {
                        super.run();
                        try {
                            doPost(mTextInputEditText.getText().toString(),mTextInputEditText1.getText().toString());
                        } catch (IOException e) {
                            e.printStackTrace();
                        } catch (JSONException e) {
                            e.printStackTrace();
                        }
                    }
                }.start();
                break;
        }
    }
}

 

 

 

由于最后我要在模拟器上进行测试，所以主机地址改成了ａｎｄｒｏｉｄ模拟器默认的ｉｐ地址，这都是要注意的哦。

 

最后还说下，用谷歌浏览器的开发者工具，可以对ｗｅｂ前端进行抓包，然后进行分析，协议分：协议头和ｂｏｄｙ体的，客户端发送ｈｔｔｐ协议请求都是要设置协议头的，服务器返回的时候也是要设置协议头的，具体的协议头可以在开发者工具中查看，顺便截图一下谷歌的开发者工具：