黑马程序员 java 动态代理类

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Java 动态代理类的相关学习

1.什么是动态代理?

答：动态代理可以提供对另一个对象的访问，同时隐藏实际对象的具体事实。代理一般会实现它所表示的实际对象的接口。代理可以访问实际对象，但是延迟实现实际对象的部分功能，实际对象实现系统的实际功能，代理对象对客户隐藏了实际对象。客户不知道它是与代理打交道还是与实际对象打交道。
2.为什么使用动态代理?使用它有哪些好处?

答：因为动态代理可以对请求进行任何处理(如事务，日志等)

3.哪些地方需要动态代理?

答：不允许直接访问某些类；对访问要做特殊处理等

目前Java开发包中包含了对动态代理的支持，但是其实现只支持对接口的的实现。 其实现主要通过java.lang.reflect.Proxy类和java.lang.reflect.InvocationHandler接口。 

Proxy类主要用来获取动态代理对象，InvocationHandler接口用来约束调用者实现。

创建动态类及查看其方法列表信息

package com.itcast.demo;

import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationHandler;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.lang.reflect.Proxy;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;

public class ProxyTest {

	/**
	 * @param args
	 */
	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		Class clazzProxy1 = Proxy.getProxyClass(Collection.class.getClassLoader(), Collection.class);
		System.out.println(clazzProxy1.getName());
		
		//构造方法
		System.out.println("----------------begin construcors list-----------------");
		Constructor[] constructors = clazzProxy1.getConstructors();
		for (Constructor constructor : constructors) {
			String name = constructor.getName();
			StringBuilder sBuilder = new StringBuilder(name);
			sBuilder.append("(");
			Class[] clazzParams = constructor.getParameterTypes();
			for (Class clazzParam : clazzParams) {
				sBuilder.append(clazzParam.getName()).append(",");
			}
			if (clazzParams != null && clazzParams.length != 0)
				sBuilder.deleteCharAt(sBuilder.length()-1);
			sBuilder.append(")");
			System.out.println(sBuilder);
		}
		//得到该接口的方法，（类似上面的构造方法）
		System.out.println("----------------begin methods list-----------------------");
		Method[] methods = clazzProxy1.getMethods();
		for (Method  method : methods) {
			String name = method.getName();
			StringBuilder sBuilder = new StringBuilder(name);
			sBuilder.append("(");
			Class[] clazzParams = method.getParameterTypes();
			for (Class clazzParam : clazzParams) {
				sBuilder.append(clazzParam.getName()).append(",");
			}
			if (clazzParams != null && clazzParams.length != 0)
				sBuilder.deleteCharAt(sBuilder.length()-1);
			sBuilder.append(")");
			System.out.println(sBuilder);
		}
		
		//创建实例对象，并调用方法
		System.out.println("----------------begin create instance object--------------");
		//Object obj = clazzProxy1.newInstance();//报错    调用的是不带参数的构造方法
		Constructor constructor = clazzProxy1.getConstructor(InvocationHandler.class);
		class MyInvocationHandler1 implements InvocationHandler{

			@Override
			public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args)
					throws Throwable {
				// TODO Auto-generated method stub
				return null;
			}
			
		}
		
		Collection proxy1 = (Collection)constructor.newInstance(new MyInvocationHandler1());
		
		System.out.println(proxy1);
		proxy1.clear();
		//proxy1.size();
		
		//用匿名内部类一步完成
		Collection proxy2 = (Collection)constructor.newInstance(new InvocationHandler(){

			@Override
			public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args)
					throws Throwable {
				// TODO Auto-generated method stub
				return null;
			}});
		
		//更近的 一步到位
		final ArrayList target = new ArrayList();
		Collection proxy3 =  (Collection)getProxy(target, new MyAdvice());
		proxy3.add("zxx");
		proxy3.add("lhm");
		proxy3.add("bxd");
		System.out.println(proxy3.size());
		
	}
	//将得到代理功能封装成函数，方便使用
	private static Object getProxy(final Object target, final Advice advice) {
		//创建动态代理对象
		Object proxy =  Proxy.newProxyInstance(
				//Collection.class.getClassLoader(), 
				target.getClass().getClassLoader(),
				//new Class[] {Collection.class},
				target.getClass().getInterfaces(),
				new InvocationHandler(){
					//ArrayList target = new ArrayList();
					@Override
					public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args)
							throws Throwable {
						
						/*long beginTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
						Object retVal = method.invoke(target, args);
						long endTime =System.currentTimeMillis();
						System.out.println(method.getName()+" running time "+ (endTime - beginTime));
						return retVal;*/
											
						advice.beforMethod(method);
						Object retVal = method.invoke(target, args);
						advice.afterMethod(method);
						
						return retVal;
						
					}
				}
				);
		return proxy;
	}

}

实现类似spring的可配置的AOP框架

测试类(主函数):

package com.itcast.demo;

import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.Collection;

public class AopFrameworkTest {

	/**
	 * @param args
	 */
	public static void main(String[] args)throws Exception {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		InputStream ips = AopFrameworkTest.class.getResourceAsStream("config.properties");
		Object bean = new BeanFactory(ips).getBean("xxx");
		
		System.out.println(bean.getClass().getName());
		
		((Collection) bean).clear();
	}

}

自定义一个接口（Advice )：

package com.itcast.demo;

import java.lang.reflect.Method;

public interface Advice {
	public   void beforMethod(Method method);
	void afterMethod(Method method);
}

MyAdvice类,实现了Advice接口

package com.itcast.demo;

import java.lang.reflect.Method;

public class MyAdvice implements Advice {
	
	long beginTime = 0;
	@Override
	public void afterMethod(Method method) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		System.out.println("--------------after-----------");
		long endTime =System.currentTimeMillis();
		System.out.println(method.getName()+" running time "+ (endTime - beginTime));
	}

	@Override
	public void beforMethod(Method method) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		System.out.println("--------------begin-----------");
		beginTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
	}

}

ProxyFactoryBean（代理制造工厂，得到代理）

package com.itcast.demo;

import java.lang.reflect.InvocationHandler;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.lang.reflect.Proxy;

public class ProxyFactoryBean {
	
	private Advice advice;
	private Object target;
	
	public Advice getAdvice() {
		return advice;
	}

	public void setAdvice(Advice advice) {
		this.advice = advice;
	}

	public Object getTarget() {
		return target;
	}

	public void setTarget(Object target) {
		this.target = target;
	}

	public Object getProxy() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		Object proxy =  Proxy.newProxyInstance(
				//Collection.class.getClassLoader(), 
				target.getClass().getClassLoader(),
				//new Class[] {Collection.class},
				target.getClass().getInterfaces(),
				new InvocationHandler(){
					//ArrayList target = new ArrayList();
					@Override
					public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args)
							throws Throwable {		
												
						advice.beforMethod(method);
						Object retVal = method.invoke(target, args);
						advice.afterMethod(method);
						
						return retVal;
						
					}
				}
				);
		return proxy;
	}

}

BeanFactory（Bean工厂类）根据配置文件中的属性名获得对应的值。若使用用代理，则返回值为代理类，否则返回bean（没有使用代理）。

package com.itcast.demo;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.Properties;

public class BeanFactory {
	Properties props = new Properties();
	public BeanFactory(InputStream ips){
		try {
			props.load(ips);
		} catch (IOException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
	public Object getBean(String name) throws Exception{
		
		String className = props.getProperty(name);
		Object bean = null;
		try {
			Class clazz = Class.forName(className);
			bean = clazz.newInstance();
		} catch (Exception e) {
			// TODO: handle exception
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		//启用代理，否则不启用
		if (bean instanceof ProxyFactoryBean) {
			System.out.println("----------bean is proxy-------");
			Object proxy = null;
			try {
				ProxyFactoryBean proxyFactoryBean = (ProxyFactoryBean) bean;
				
				Advice advice = (Advice)Class.forName(props.getProperty(name + ".advice" )).newInstance();
				Object target = Class.forName(props.getProperty(name + ".target" )).newInstance();
				proxyFactoryBean.setAdvice(advice);
				
				proxyFactoryBean.setTarget(target);
				proxy = proxyFactoryBean.getProxy();
			} catch (Exception e) {
				// TODO Auto-generated catch block
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
			return proxy;
		}
		
		return bean;
		
	}
}

配置文件（config.properties）

#xxx=java.util.ArrayList
xxx=com.itcast.demo.ProxyFactoryBean
xxx.advice=com.itcast.demo.MyAdvice
xxx.target=java.util.ArrayList

 

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