Spring实例：在xml中引入（配置）文件

下面编写了两个实例来进行演示：

• 实例一：在第三步中的xml中,通过代码：<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:database.properties"/>导入类路径下文件
• 实例二：在第一步中的xml导入另外两个配置文件通过代码：<import resource="classpath:spring/spring-*.xml"></import>

实例一：导入其它文件

step.1

我们将模拟连接数据库的过程，在resources下新建一个我们要引入的文件database.propertiser如下：

driver =com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
url = mysql:jdbc://localhost:3306//test?userUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&serverTimezone=UFC;
user =root
password = root 

step.2

新建ProviderDao类

package com.zt.dao;

public class ProviderDao {
    private String url ;
    private String driver;
    private String user;
    private String password;
//getter setter
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "ProviderDao{" +
                "url='" + url + '\'' +
                ", driver='" + driver + '\'' +
                ", user='" + user + '\'' +
                ", password='" + password + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

step.3

新建resources.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
               xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
               xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
               xmlns:c="http://www.springframework.org/schema/c"
               xmlns:cache="http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache"
               xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
               xmlns:jdbc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc"
               xmlns:jee="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee"
               xmlns:lang="http://www.springframework.org/schema/lang"
               xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
               xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
               xmlns:task="http://www.springframework.org/schema/task"
               xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
               xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
               xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee-4.3.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.3.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.3.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-4.3.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc/spring-jdbc-4.3.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache/spring-cache-4.3.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/task http://www.springframework.org/schema/task/spring-task-4.3.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/lang http://www.springframework.org/schema/lang/spring-lang-4.3.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.3.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc ">


<!--通过该方式获取路径下的文件-->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:database.properties"/>

<bean class="com.zt.dao.ProviderDao" id="providerDao2">
    <!--${}表达式可以去应用我们去应用我们引用的这些properties（通过context:引进的）
    里面的属性的值通过它的键名来得到值-->
    <property name="driver" value="${driver}"/>
    <property name="user" value="${user}"/>
    <property name="url" value="${url}"/>
    <property name="password" value="${password}"/>
</bean>
</beans>

step4

测试：

@Test
    public void m1(){
        ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("resources.xml");
        ProviderDao providerDao = ctx.getBean("providerDao2", ProviderDao.class);
        System.out.println(providerDao);
    }

输出结果：ProviderDao{url='mysql:jdbc://localhost:3306//test?userUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&serverTimezone=UFC;', driver='com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver', user='root', password='root '}

引入文件成功，测试完毕

实例二：导入多个配置文件

step.1

新建spring文件夹来存放配置文件，在其下新建一个applicationContext.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

    <import resource="classpath:spring/spring-*.xml"></import>

</beans>

其中 spring-*.xml 表示能够引入所有以spring-开头的配置文件，我们可以对此进行验证：

step.2

再新建两个配置文件，spring-test.xml 和spring-test2xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
    
    <bean id="pig" class="com.zt.pojo.Pig">
        <property name="name" value="小猪"/>
    </bean>
</beans>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
        <bean id="pig2" class="com.zt.pojo.Pig">
            <property name="name" value="大猪"/>
        </bean>
</beans>

其中实体类Pig在此省略，此处对name属性进行注入

step.3

测试：

    @Test
    public void m2(){
        ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring/applicationContext.xml");
        Pig pig = ctx.getBean("pig", Pig.class);
        Pig pig2 = ctx.getBean("pig2", Pig.class);
        System.out.println(pig.getName());
        System.out.println(pig2.getName());
    }

此处我们使用applicationContext.xml进行获取上下文，并获得在另外两个配置文件中注入的值，输出小猪 大猪