Web项目(七)request.setAttribute()的用法详解

薛定谔的猫1981

已于 2024-09-02 15:53:51 修改

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分类专栏： # j2ee 文章标签：前端

于 2024-09-02 15:52:13 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/sadfasdfsafadsa/article/details/141818764

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在Java Web开发中，request.setAttribute()是Servlet中的方法之一，用于在请求中设置属性。这些属性可以在请求的生命周期内共享，并且通常用于在不同组件之间传递数据。这种机制为开发人员提供了一种有效的方式来在请求处理过程中传递信息

request.setAttribute("key", "Hello, Attribute!");

通过getAttribute获取key值

 (String)req.getAttribute("key");

还是以上个登录例子为例

代码，在这个Servlet中将一个key值放到request中

package com.test.forward;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Arrays;

@WebServlet("/login2")
public class LoginServlet2 extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        String username = req.getParameter("username");
        String password = req.getParameter("password");
        String[] parameterValues = req.getParameterValues("hobbys");
        System.out.println(username);
        System.out.println(password);
        System.out.println(Arrays.toString(parameterValues));
//通过请求转发:
        req.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
//这里的”/“代表当前web应用，所以不需要写项目名：/request_war

        req.setAttribute("key","myAttribute");

        req.getRequestDispatcher( "/success").forward(req,resp);
    }
    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req, resp);
    }
}

在转发到success这个Servlet中取值代码如下

package com.test.forward;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Arrays;

@WebServlet("/success")
public class SuccessServlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        String username = req.getParameter("username");
        String password = req.getParameter("password");
        String[] parameterValues = req.getParameterValues("hobbys");
        System.out.println(username);
        System.out.println(password);
        System.out.println(Arrays.toString(parameterValues));
//通过请求转发:
        req.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");

        String key = (String)req.getAttribute("key");
        System.out.println(key);

        System.out.println("转发到successservlet");
    }
    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req, resp);
    }
}

index.jsp

<%--
Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
User: shadowpee
Date: 2020/12/27
Time: 15:47
To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
  <title>登录</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>登录</h1>
<div>
  <%--这里表单表示的意思是以get方式提交表单，提交到我们的Login请求--%>
  <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/login2" method="get">
    用户名：<input type="text" name="username"><br>
    密码：<input type="password" name="password"><br>
    爱好：
    <input type="checkbox" name="hobbys" value="唱歌">唱歌
    <input type="checkbox" name="hobbys" value="游戏">游戏
    <input type="checkbox" name="hobbys" value="代码">代码
    <br>
    <input type="submit">
  </form>
</div>

</body>
</html>

显示结果如下