死锁编码及定位分析

死锁 是两个或两个以上的线程在执行过程中，因争夺资源而造成的一种互相等待现象，若无外力干涉那他们都将无法推进下去。

产生原因：
系统资源不足
资源分配不当
…

解决：

jps命令定位进程号
jstack找到死锁查看

C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_181\bin\jps.exe
C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_181\bin\jstack.exe

---

死锁代码演示：
互相持有对方的锁

class HoldLock implements Runnable {
    private String lockA;
    private String lockB;

    public HoldLock(String lockA, String lockB) {
        this.lockA = lockA;
        this.lockB = lockB;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        synchronized (lockA) {
            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 持有 " + lockA + "，想要获得 " + lockB);
            try {
                TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.sleep(500);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            synchronized (lockB) {
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 持有 " + lockB + "，想要获得 " + lockA);
            }
        }
    }
}

public class DeadLockDemo {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String lockA = "lockA";
        String lockB = "lockB";
        
        new Thread(new HoldLock(lockA, lockB), "ThreadA").start();
        new Thread(new HoldLock(lockB, lockA), "ThreadB").start();
    }

}

ThreadA 持有 lockA，想要获得 lockB
ThreadB 持有 lockB，想要获得 lockA

E:\ideaProjects\suanfa>jps -l
12804 com.suanfa.booking.DeadLockDemo
12564
12484 org.jetbrains.idea.maven.server.RemoteMavenServer
10436 sun.tools.jps.Jps
12032 org.jetbrains.jps.cmdline.Launcher

E:\ideaProjects\suanfa>jstack 12804
...
...
Java stack information for the threads listed above:
===================================================
"ThreadB":
        at com.suanfa.booking.HoldLock.run(DeadLockDemo.java:28)
        - waiting to lock <0x00000000d6095058> (a java.lang.String)
        - locked <0x00000000d6095090> (a java.lang.String)
        at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)
"ThreadA":
        at com.suanfa.booking.HoldLock.run(DeadLockDemo.java:28)
        - waiting to lock <0x00000000d6095090> (a java.lang.String)
        - locked <0x00000000d6095058> (a java.lang.String)
        at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)

Found 1 deadlock.