JSON

JSON(JavaScript Object Notation)

 

JSON是一种轻量级的数据交换格式，易于人阅读和编写，同时也易于机器解析和生成，采用完全独立于语言的文本格式

 

JSON建构于两种结构：

(1)“名称/值”对的集合，对象，纪录，结构，字典，哈希表，有键列表，或者关联数组

(2)值的有序列表，数组

 

JSON具有以下这些形式：

 

 

 

 

JavaScript处理 JSON 数据

function handleJson() { 

  var j={"name":"Michael","address":

      {"city":"Beijing","street":" Chaoyang Road ","postcode":100025}

  }; 

  document.write(j.name); 

  document.write(j.address.city); 

 }

 

服务器端输出 JSON 格式数据

 

static String string2Json(String s) { 

    StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(s.length()+20); 

    sb.append('/"'); 

    for (int i=0; i<s.length(); i++) { 

        char c = s.charAt(i); 

        switch (c) { 

        case '/"': 

            sb.append("///""); 

            break; 

        case '//': 

            sb.append(""); 

            break; 

        case '/': 

            sb.append("///"); 

            break; 

        case '/b': 

            sb.append("//b"); 

            break; 

        case '/f': 

            sb.append("//f"); 

            break; 

        case '/n': 

            sb.append("//n"); 

            break; 

        case '/r': 

            sb.append("//r"); 

            break; 

        case '/t': 

            sb.append("//t"); 

            break; 

        default: 

            sb.append(c); 

        } 

    } 

    sb.append('/"'); 

    return sb.toString(); 

 } 

 

static String number2Json(Number number) {

    return number.toString();

 }

 

static String boolean2Json(Boolean bool) {

    return bool.toString();

 }

 

static String array2Json(Object[] array) { 

    if (array.length==0) 

        return "[]"; 

    StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(array.length << 4); 

    sb.append('['); 

    for (Object o : array) { 

        sb.append(toJson(o)); 

        sb.append(','); 

    } 

    // 将最后添加的 ',' 变为 ']': 

    sb.setCharAt(sb.length()-1, ']'); 

    return sb.toString(); 

 } 

 

static String map2Json(Map<String, Object> map) { 

    if (map.isEmpty()) 

        return "{}"; 

    StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(map.size() << 4); 

    sb.append('{'); 

    Set<String> keys = map.keySet(); 

    for (String key : keys) { 

        Object value = map.get(key); 

        sb.append('/"'); 

        sb.append(key); 

        sb.append('/"'); 

        sb.append(':'); 

        sb.append(toJson(value)); 

        sb.append(','); 

    } 

    // 将最后的 ',' 变为 '}': 

    sb.setCharAt(sb.length()-1, '}'); 

    return sb.toString(); 

 } 

 

public static String toJson(Object o) { 

    if (o==null) 

        return "null"; 

    if (o instanceof String) 

        return string2Json((String)o); 

    if (o instanceof Boolean) 

        return boolean2Json((Boolean)o); 

    if (o instanceof Number) 

        return number2Json((Number)o); 

    if (o instanceof Map) 

        return map2Json((Map<String, Object>)o); 

    if (o instanceof Object[]) 

        return array2Json((Object[])o); 

    throw new RuntimeException("Unsupported type: " + o.getClass().getName()); 

 } 

 

通过 Servlet 或 MVC 框架输出 JSON 时，需要设置正确的 MIME 类型（application/json）和字符编码

response.setContentType("application/json;charset=UTF-8");

 response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");

 PrintWriter pw = response.getWriter();

 pw.write(JsonUtil.toJson(obj));

 pw.flush();