线程状态

从JVM的角度来看，处于Runnable状态的线程正在执行，但实际上它可能正在等待来自操作系统(如处理器)的一些资源。这种状态可以看作是具有两个子状态的复合状态。当线程转换到可运行状态时，线程首先进入Ready子状态。线程调度决定了线程实际上什么时候可以开始运行。yield()是线程调度程序的显式建议，它暂停当前正在执行的线程，以允许其他线程执行。如果线程已经启动并且还没有死亡，那么它就是活的。

Time Waiting是一个线程的状态，线程等待指定的等待时间。一个线程移动到定时等待状态，由于调用下列方法之一与指定的(积极)等待时间:

thread.sleep (sleeptime)

Object.wait(timeout)

Thread.join(timeout)

LockSupport.parkNanos(timeout)

LockSupport.parkUntil(timeout)

线程在调用以下方法之一后进入等待状态而不会超时:

Object.wait ()

Thread.join ()

LockSupport.park ()

注意，处于等待状态的线程无限期地等待另一个线程提供等待线程所需的内容。完成之后，其他线程可以在线程共享的对象上调用object .notify()或object.notifyall()。调用thread.join()的线程正在等待指定的线程终止。这意味着等待状态可以是一个与这些特定条件相对应的状态的组合状态。

在等待监视器锁进入同步块或方法，或在调用Object.wait()后重新进入同步块或方法时，线程处于阻塞状态。

同步语句或方法代表执行线程获取互斥锁，执行一个块或方法，然后释放锁。当正在执行的线程拥有锁时，其他任何线程都不能获得锁并在等待锁时被阻塞。

在线程完成run()方法的执行后，它将进入终止状态。

 

wait():线程挂起并让出锁

sleep():线程挂起不释放锁

yield():当前线程通知CPU切换线程

t1.join():阻塞主线程，等待t1线程执行

public class SleepWaitTest {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		new Thread(new Thread1()).start();
		try {
			Thread.sleep(2000);
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		new Thread(new Thread2()).start();
	}

	private static class Thread1 implements Runnable {
		@Override
		public void run() {
			synchronized (SleepWaitTest.class) {
				System.out.println(System.currentTimeMillis() + " enter thread1...");
				try {
					//当前线程阻塞并放弃锁
					SleepWaitTest.class.wait();
				} catch (Exception e) {
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
				System.out.println(System.currentTimeMillis() + " thread1 is over!!!");
			}
		}
	}

	private static class Thread2 implements Runnable {
		@Override
		public void run() {
			synchronized (SleepWaitTest.class) {
				System.out.println(System.currentTimeMillis() + " enter thread2....");
				//通知等待中的线程可以重新获得CPU，注释掉以后Thread1永远挂起
				SleepWaitTest.class.notify();
				try {
					Thread.sleep(2000);
				} catch (Exception e) {
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
				System.out.println(System.currentTimeMillis() + " thread2 is over!!!");
			}
		}
	}
}

输出

1587996089701 enter thread1...
1587996091699 enter thread2....
1587996093701 thread2 is over!!!
1587996093701 thread1 is over!!!

 

 

 

public class YieldTest implements Runnable {
	public void run() {

		System.out.println("first: " + Thread.currentThread().getName());
		Thread.currentThread().yield();
		System.out.println("second: " + Thread.currentThread().getName());

	}

	public static void main(String[] args) {
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
            YieldTest runn = new YieldTest();
            Thread t1 = new Thread(runn);
            Thread t2 = new Thread(runn);
            Thread t3 = new Thread(runn);

            t1.start();
            t2.start();
            t3.start();
        }
	}
}

输出

first: Thread-0
first: Thread-1
first: Thread-2
second: Thread-0
second: Thread-1
first: Thread-3
first: Thread-4
second: Thread-2
second: Thread-3
first: Thread-5
second: Thread-4
first: Thread-6
first: Thread-7
second: Thread-5
second: Thread-6
first: Thread-8
first: Thread-9
second: Thread-7
second: Thread-8
first: Thread-10
first: Thread-11
second: Thread-9
second: Thread-10
first: Thread-12
first: Thread-13
second: Thread-11
second: Thread-12
first: Thread-14
second: Thread-13
first: Thread-15
second: Thread-14
first: Thread-16
first: Thread-17
second: Thread-15
second: Thread-16
first: Thread-18
first: Thread-19
second: Thread-17
second: Thread-18
first: Thread-20
first: Thread-21
second: Thread-19
second: Thread-20
first: Thread-22
first: Thread-23
second: Thread-21
second: Thread-22
first: Thread-24
first: Thread-25
second: Thread-23
second: Thread-24
first: Thread-26
second: Thread-25
first: Thread-27
first: Thread-28
first: Thread-29
second: Thread-26
second: Thread-27
second: Thread-28
second: Thread-29

注释掉yield输出

first: Thread-0
second: Thread-0
first: Thread-1
second: Thread-1
first: Thread-2
first: Thread-4
second: Thread-4
first: Thread-3
second: Thread-3
second: Thread-2
first: Thread-5
second: Thread-5
first: Thread-6
second: Thread-6
first: Thread-7
second: Thread-7
first: Thread-8
second: Thread-8
first: Thread-9
second: Thread-9
first: Thread-10
second: Thread-10
first: Thread-11
second: Thread-11
first: Thread-12
second: Thread-12
first: Thread-13
second: Thread-13
first: Thread-14
second: Thread-14
first: Thread-15
second: Thread-15
first: Thread-16
second: Thread-16
first: Thread-17
second: Thread-17
first: Thread-18
second: Thread-18
first: Thread-19
second: Thread-19
first: Thread-20
second: Thread-20
first: Thread-21
second: Thread-21
first: Thread-22
second: Thread-22
first: Thread-23
second: Thread-23
first: Thread-24
second: Thread-24
first: Thread-25
second: Thread-25
first: Thread-26
second: Thread-26
first: Thread-27
second: Thread-27
first: Thread-28
second: Thread-28
first: Thread-29
second: Thread-29

 

 

 

public class JoinTest {
	public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
		Thread t1 = new Thread(new Runnable() {

			@Override
			public void run() {
				System.out.println(System.currentTimeMillis() + " t1 start");
				try {
					Thread.sleep(2000);
				} catch (InterruptedException e) {
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
				System.out.println(System.currentTimeMillis() + " t1 end");
			}
		});
		t1.start();
		t1.join();

		new Thread(new Runnable() {

			@Override
			public void run() {
				System.out.println(System.currentTimeMillis() + " t2 start");
				try {
					Thread.sleep(2000);
				} catch (InterruptedException e) {
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
				System.out.println(System.currentTimeMillis() + " t2 end");
			}
		}).start();
	}
}

输出

1587996559642 t1 start
1587996561643 t1 end
1587996561645 t2 start
1587996563645 t2 end

注释掉join输出

1587996649472 t1 start
1587996649473 t2 start
1587996651491 t1 end
1587996651492 t2 end