一、本机环境
1.Windows 7 32位操作系统
2.java版本 "1.7"
3.Apache安装包httpd-2.2.21-win32-x86-no_ssl.msi,默认安装
4.tomcat7
5.在一台机器上进行的
二、安装
1.前提是Apache安装正确,启动正常
2.解压缩多个tomcat,例如D:\Program Files\Apache Software Foundation
三、配置
1.打开Apache根目录/conf/httpd.conf文件,找到如下信息,并将注释去掉,结果如下:
- LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so
- LoadModule proxy_ajp_module modules/mod_proxy_ajp.so
- LoadModule proxy_balancer_module modules/mod_proxy_balancer.so
- LoadModule proxy_connect_module modules/mod_proxy_connect.so
- LoadModule proxy_ftp_module modules/mod_proxy_ftp.so
- LoadModule proxy_http_module modules/mod_proxy_http.so
- Include conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf
2.在httpd.conf文件最后添加如下代码:
- ProxyRequests Off
- <proxy balancer://cluster>
- BalancerMember ajp://127.0.0.1:8009 loadfactor=1 route=jvm1
- BalancerMember ajp://127.0.0.1:9009 loadfactor=1 route=jvm2
- #The below is the hot standby
- #BalancerMember ajp://127.0.0.1:9999 status=+H #此为备份服务器,只需添加status=+H
- #ProxySet lbmethod=bytraffic
- </proxy>
3.打开Apache根目录/conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf文件,找到下列文字并注释 ,如下:
- #<VirtualHost *:80>
- # ServerAdmin webmaster@dummy-host.sm.com
- # DocumentRoot "C:/Program Files (x86)/Apache Software Foundation/Apache2.2/docs/dummy-host.sm.com"
- # ServerName dummy-host.sm.com
- # ServerAlias www.dummy-host.sm.com
- # ErrorLog "logs/dummy-host.sm.com-error.log"
- # CustomLog "logs/dummy-host.sm.com-access.log" common
- #</VirtualHost>
- #<VirtualHost *:80>
- # ServerAdmin webmaster@dummy-host2.sm.com
- # DocumentRoot "C:/Program Files (x86)/Apache Software Foundation/Apache2.2/docs/dummy-host2.sm.com"
- # ServerName dummy-host2.sm.com
- # ErrorLog "logs/dummy-host2.sm.com-error.log"
- # CustomLog "logs/dummy-host2.sm.com-access.log" common
- #</VirtualHost>
4.在httpd-vhosts.conf文件最后加入如下代码 (域名与路径根据自己需要配置):
- <VirtualHost *:80>
- ServerAdmin test@qq.com
- ServerName localhost
- ServerAlias localhost
- ProxyPass / balancer://cluster/
- ProxyPassReverse / balancer://cluster/
- ErrorLog "logs/dummy-host2.sm.com-error.log"
- CustomLog "logs/dummy-host2.sm.com-access.log" common
- </VirtualHost>
注意:此处 balancer://cluster与第二步< proxy balancer://cluster > 相对应
5.配置tomcat,修改conf/server.xml文件(注:本示例中用了两台Tomcat服务器与多台配置是相同的 )
修改第二个tomcat(两个tomcat任意设置一个)
- <Server port="8005" shutdown="SHUTDOWN">
- 将8005改为9005
- <Connector port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
- connectionTimeout="20000"
- redirectPort="8443" />
- 将8080改为9080,将8443改为9443
- <Connector port="8009" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443" />
- 将8009改为9009,将8443,改为9443
6.所有Tomcat均做以下修改(conf/server.xml):
a.找到<Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost= "localhost" >增加 jvmRoute属性如下:
- <Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="jvm2">
注意:jvmRoute属性值与第二步route=jvm*是相对应
b.在<Engine name="." ..></Engine>标签中最后处添加以下代码:
注意:对于这一步各个版本的Tomcat代码可能,具体可看http://localhost:8080/docs/cluster-howto.html
- <Cluster className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster"
- channelSendOptions="6">
- <Manager className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.BackupManager"
- expireSessionsOnShutdown="false"
- notifyListenersOnReplication="true"
- mapSendOptions="6"/>
- <!--
- <Manager className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.DeltaManager"
- expireSessionsOnShutdown="false"
- notifyListenersOnReplication="true"/>
- -->
- <Channel className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.GroupChannel">
- <Membership className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.membership.McastService"
- address="228.0.0.4"
- port="45564"
- frequency="500"
- dropTime="3000"/>
- <Receiver className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.NioReceiver"
- address="auto"
- port="5000"
- selectorTimeout="100"
- maxThreads="6"/>
- <Sender className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.ReplicationTransmitter">
- <Transport className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.PooledParallelSender"/>
- </Sender>
- <Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.TcpFailureDetector"/>
- <Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.MessageDispatch15Interceptor"/>
- <Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.ThroughputInterceptor"/>
- </Channel>
- <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.ReplicationValve"
- filter=".*\.gif|.*\.js|.*\.jpeg|.*\.jpg|.*\.png|.*\.htm|.*\.html|.*\.css|.*\.txt"/>
- <Deployer className="org.apache.catalina.ha.deploy.FarmWarDeployer"
- tempDir="/tmp/war-temp/"
- deployDir="/tmp/war-deploy/"
- watchDir="/tmp/war-listen/"
- watchEnabled="false"/>
- <ClusterListener className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.ClusterSessionListener"/>
- </Cluster>
7.修改应用的web.xml,在<web-app>结束标签前追加 <distributable/>
8.所有配置已经完毕,我们现在可以进行测试
9.为了让效果更加明显,在各个Tomcat webapps\ROOT文件夹中添加index.jsp,代码如下:
- <%@ page contentType="text/html; charset=GBK"%>
- <%@ page import="java.util.*"%>
- <html>
- <head>
- <title>Cluster App Test</title>
- </head>
- <body>
- <%
- out.println("Server Info::"+request.getLocalAddr() + ":" + request.getLocalPort()+"</br>");
- String jsessionid = session.getId();
- out.println("SESSION ID::" + jsessionid+"</br>");
- // 如果有新的 Session 属性设置
- String dataName = request.getParameter("dataName");
- if (dataName != null && dataName.length() > 0) {
- String dataValue = request.getParameter("dataValue");
- session.setAttribute(dataName, dataValue);
- }
- out.println("<b>SESSION ATTRIBUTES:</b></BR>");
- Enumeration<String> e = session.getAttributeNames();
- while (e.hasMoreElements()) {
- String name = (String) e.nextElement();
- String value = session.getAttribute(name).toString();
- out.println(" "+name + " = " + value + "<br>");
- System.out.println(name + " = " + value);
- }
- out.println("Tomcat*");//Tomcat1、Tomcat2....
- %>
- <form action="<%=request.getContextPath() %>/index.jsp" method="POST">
- 名称:<input type=text size=20 name="dataName"> <br>
- 值:<input type=text size=20 name="dataValue"> <br>
- <input type=submit></form>
- </body>
10.在浏览器中输入http://localhost,看看效果吧!刷新一下会有意外惊喜
另可参考:http://www.cnblogs.com/sirc/archive/2011/05/17/2049307.html