[LeetCode-30]Flatten Binary Tree to Linked List

Given a binary tree, flatten it to a linked list in-place.

For example,
Given

         1
        / \
       2   5
      / \   \
     3   4   6

The flattened tree should look like:

   1
    \
     2
      \
       3
        \
         4
          \
           5
            \
             6

click to show hints.

Hints:

If you notice carefully in the flattened tree, each node's right child points to the next node of a pre-order traversal.

Analysis:

Note that the problem requires in-place operation.The flatten procedure is like: cut the left child and set to right, the right child is then linked to somewhere behind the left child. Where should it be then? Actually the right child should be linked to the most-right node of the left node. So the algorithm is as follows:
(1) store the right child (we call R)
(2) find the right-most node of left child
(3) set R as the right-most node's right child.
(4) set left child as the right child
(5) set the left child NULL
(6) set current node to current node's right child.
(7) iterate these steps until all node are flattened.

This seems simple and elegent.

c++

void flatten(TreeNode *root) {
        if(root == NULL) return;
    while(root){
        if(root->left){
            TreeNode *pre = root->left;
            while(pre->right)
                pre = pre->right;
            pre->right = root->right;
            root->right = root->left;
            root->left = NULL;
        }
        root = root->right;
    }
    }

java

public void flatten(TreeNode root){
		while(root!=null){
			if(root.left!=null){
				TreeNode pre = root.left;
				while(pre.right!=null)
					pre = pre.right;
				pre.right = root.right;
				root.right = root.left;
				root.left = null;
			}
			root = root.right;
		}
	}

other solutions:

java

public void flatten(TreeNode root) {
        if(root == null) return;
        flattenSubtree(root);
    }
	public TreeNode flattenSubtree(TreeNode root){
		if(root == null) return null;
		else if(root.left == null && root.right == null) return root;
		else {
			TreeNode left = root.left;
			TreeNode right = root.right;
			root.left = null;
			if(left!=null){
				root.right = left;
				TreeNode temp = flattenSubtree(left);
				temp.left = null;
				if(right!=null){
					temp.right = right;
				}else {
					return temp;
				}
			}
			return flattenSubtree(right);
		}
	}

c++

TreeNode *flatTree(TreeNode *root)
{
    if(root == NULL)
        return NULL;
    else if(root->left == NULL && root->right==NULL)
        return root;
    else{
        TreeNode *left = root->left;
        TreeNode *right = root->right;
        root->left = NULL;
        if(left != NULL){
            root->right = left;
            TreeNode *temp = flatTree(left);
            temp->left = NULL;
            if(right == NULL)
                return temp;
            else
                temp->right = right;
        }
        return flatTree(right);
    }
}
    void flatten(TreeNode *root) {
        if(root == NULL)
        return;
    flatTree(root);
    }