拓扑图如上,
实验要求
1、R4为ISP,其上只配置IP地址;R4与其他所直连设备间均使用公有IP;
2、R3-R5、R6、R7为MGRE环境,R3为中心站点;
3、整个OSPF环境IP基于172.16.0.0/16划分;除了R12有两个环回,其他路由器均有一个环回IP
4、所有设备均可访问R4的环回;
5、减少LSA的更新量,加快收敛,保障更新安全;
6、全网可达;
第一步:
配置IP地址
R1:
R2:
R3:
R4:
R5:
R6:
R7:
R8:
R9:
R10:
R11:
R12:
第二步:
使公网全网通
[R3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 34.0.0.4 //R3的静态缺省
[R5]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 45.0.0.4
[R6]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 46.0.0.4
[R7]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 47.0.0.4
测试:
ping一下内网,查看是否全网通
第三步:
使私网全网通
area 1:
R1:
[R1]ospf 1 router-id 1.1.1.1 //编号
[R1-ospf-1]area 1 //区域
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 //宣告大网段
R2:
[R2]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2
[R2-ospf-1]area 1
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255
R3:
[R3]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3
[R3-ospf-1]area 1
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.33.0 0.0.0.255 //宣告区域一的网段
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.36.0 0.0.0.255 //宣告区域一环回的网段
在边界路由查询是否full:
[R3-ospf-1]dis ospf peer brief
area 2:
R6:
[R6]ospf 1 router-id 6.6.6.6
[R6-ospf-1]area 0 //R6的环回在区域 0 ,先在area 0 中先宣告R6的环回地址
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.4.0 0.0.0.255
[R6-ospf-1]area 2
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 172.16.65.1 0.0.0.0 //宣告在area 2中R6的精确地址
R11:
[R11]ospf 1 router-id 11.11.11.11
[R11-ospf-1]area 2
[R11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 172.16.64.0 0.0.31.255 //宣告在area 2中R11的精确地址
( [R11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 //懒人宣告 )
R12:
[R12]ospf 1 router-id 12.12.12.12
[R12-ospf-1]area 2
[R12-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 172.16.65.6 0.0.0.0 //宣告在area 2中R11的精确地址
[R12-ospf-1]rip 1 //R12不只在area 2 还在RIP区域中
[R12-rip-1]v 2 //版本为2
[R12-rip-1]network 172.16.0.0 //宣告网段
现在其他区域还未学习到RIP区域的网段,需要重发布
[R12]ospf 1
[R12-ospf-1]import-route rip //将RIP的网段引入OSPF中
在R6输入dis ip routing-table protocol ospf 查看
area 3:
R7:
[R7]ospf 1 router-id 7.7.7.7
[R7-ospf-1]a 0 //R7为边界路由连接area3和area0
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.5.0 0.0.0.255
[R7-ospf-1]area 3
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]network 172.16.97.1 0.0.0.0
R8:
[R8]ospf 1 router-id 8.8.8.8
[R8-ospf-1]area 3
[R8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]network 172.16.96.0 0.0.31.255
R9:
[R9]ospf 1 router-id 9.9.9.9
[R9-ospf-1]a 3
[R9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]network 172.16.96.0 0.0.0.0 //宣告大网段
[R9]ospf 2 router-id 9.9.9.9
[R9-ospf-2]area 4
[R9-ospf-2-area-0.0.0.4]network 172.16.128.0 0.0.31.255 //宣告大网段
R10:
[R10]ospf 2 router-id 10.10.10.10
[R10-ospf-2-area-0.0.0.4]network 172.16.128.0 0.0.31.255
重发布:
[R9-ospf-1]import-route ospf 2
[R9-ospf-2]import-route ospf 1
检查: [R7]dis ip routing-table protocol ospf
第四步:
配置MGRE
R3为中心站点:
[R3]int Tunnel 0/0/0 //建立隧道
[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]ip address 172.16.6.3 24
[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]source 34.0.0.3
[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry multicast dynamic
R5分支:
[R5]int Tunnel 0/0/0
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]ip address 172.16.6.5 24
[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]source Serial 4/0/0
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 172.16.6.3 34.0.0.3 register
R6分支:
[R6]int Tunnel 0/0/0
[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]ip address 172.16.6.6 24
[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]source Serial 4/0/0
[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 172.16.6.3 34.0.0.3 register
R7分支:
[R7]int Tunnel 0/0/0
[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]ip address 172.16.6.7 24
[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]source GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 172.16.6.3 34.0.0.3 register
查询验证:[R3]dis nhrp p all
第五步:
配置路由协议,传递私网路由
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.6.0 0.0.0.255 //宣告隧道地址
[R5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.6.0 0.0.0.255 //宣告隧道地址
[R5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.3.0 0.0.0.255
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.6.0 0.0.0.255
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.4.0 0.0.0.255
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.6.0 0.0.0.255
R3跟所以的分支都full,但是分支不一定对R3full,所以要改接口类型
[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast
[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast
[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast
查询输入:[R3]dis ospf peer brief
目前DR和BDR选举哄乱,需要将R5,6,7的选举权利关了
修改接口的优先级:
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf dr-priority 0
[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf dr-priority 0
[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf dr-priority 0
全网通测试:ping环回
第六步:
做NET协议(所有设备均可访问R4的环回的前置)
[R3]acl 2000
[R3-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[R3-Serial4/0/0]nat outbound 2000
[R6]acl 2000
[R6-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[R6-Serial4/0/0]nat outbound 2000
[R7]acl 2000
[R7-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]nat outbound 2000
第七步:
配置汇总(所有设备均可访问R4的环回的前置)
ABR聚合:
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]abr-summary 172.16.32.0 255.255.224.0
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]abr-summary 172.16.64.0 255.255.224.0
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]abr-summary 172.16.96.0 255.255.224.0
ASBR聚合:
[R12-ospf-1]asbr-summary 172.16.160.0 255.255.224.0
[R9-ospf-1]asbr-summary 172.16.128.0 255.255.224.0
聚合后:dis ip routing-table protocol ospf
放环设计:
[R3]ip route-static 172.16.32.0 19 NULL 0
[R6]ip route-static 172.16.64.0 19 NULL 0
[R7]ip route-static 172.16.96.0 19 NULL 0
[R12]ip route-static 172.16.160.0 19 NULL 0
[R9]ip route-static 172.16.128.0 19 NULL 0
划分特殊区域:
区域一(totally stub区域)
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub no-summary
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub no-summary
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub no-summary
区域二(NSSA(因为有ASBR设备非纯末梢区域,是STUB区域的变形,拒绝学习域外(主要是5类)路由信息,但需要引入后面的域外路由信息))
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa no-summary
[R11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa no-summary
[R12-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa no-summary
区域三(totally NSSA(完全非纯末梢区域))
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa no-summary
[R8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa no-summary
[R9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa no-summary
R9下发缺省:
[R9-ospf-2]default-route-advertise
第八步:
减少LSA的更新量,加快收敛
area 1:
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf timer hello 5
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf timer hello 5
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf timer hello 5
area 2:
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf timer hello 5
[R11-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf timer hello 5
[R12-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf timer hello 5
area 3:
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf timer hello 5
[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf timer hello 5
[R9-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf timer hello 5
area 4:
[R10-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf timer hello 5
area 0:
[R4-Serial4/0/0]ospf timer hello 5
[R4-Serial4/0/1]ospf timer hello 5
[R4-Serial3/0/0]ospf timer hello 5
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf timer hello 5
[R5-Serial4/0/0]ospf timer hello 5
第九步:
安全加密
area 1:
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher lingyou520
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher lingyou520
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher lingyou520
area 2:
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher lingyou520
[R11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher lingyou520
[R12-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher lingyou520
area 3:
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher lingyou520
[R8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher lingyou520
[R9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher lingyou520
实验结束