题目:
Roman numerals are represented by seven different symbols: I
, V
, X
, L
, C
, D
and M
.
Symbol Value I 1 V 5 X 10 L 50 C 100 D 500 M 1000
For example, two is written as II
in Roman numeral, just two one's added together. Twelve is written as, XII
, which is simply X
+ II
. The number twenty seven is written as XXVII
, which is XX
+ V
+ II
.
Roman numerals are usually written largest to smallest from left to right. However, the numeral for four is not IIII
. Instead, the number four is written as IV
. Because the one is before the five we subtract it making four. The same principle applies to the number nine, which is written as IX
. There are six instances where subtraction is used:
I
can be placed beforeV
(5) andX
(10) to make 4 and 9.X
can be placed beforeL
(50) andC
(100) to make 40 and 90.C
can be placed beforeD
(500) andM
(1000) to make 400 and 900.
Given an integer, convert it to a roman numeral. Input is guaranteed to be within the range from 1 to 3999.
分析:
(1)可以整除1000,根据余数分情况讨论——然后再整除100,分情况讨论——整数10,分情况讨论
(2)加上4 40 400 9 90 900,用连续减法来完成。
(3)1-9,10-90,100-1000,三个段的情况全部查表完成。
代码一:思想(2)的代码
class Solution {
public:
string intToRoman(int num) {
vector<int> vint{1000,900,500,400,100,90,50,40,10,9,5,4,1};
vector<string> vstr{"M","CM","D","CD","C","XC","L","XL","X","IX","V","IV","I"};
string res;
for(int i=0;i<13;i++){
while(num>=vint[i]){
res+=vstr[i];
num-=vint[i];
}
}
return res;
}
};
代码二:
class Solution {
public:
string intToRoman(int num) {
string res = "";
vector<string> v1{"", "M", "MM", "MMM"};
vector<string> v2{"", "C", "CC", "CCC", "CD", "D", "DC", "DCC", "DCCC", "CM"};
vector<string> v3{"", "X", "XX", "XXX", "XL", "L", "LX", "LXX", "LXXX", "XC"};
vector<string> v4{"", "I", "II", "III", "IV", "V", "VI", "VII", "VIII", "IX"};
return v1[num / 1000] + v2[(num % 1000) / 100] + v3[(num % 100) / 10] + v4[num % 10];
}
};