Linux新增API：timerfd

Linux新增API：timerfd

timerfd

• 函数功能：通过文件I/O方式去获取定时器的通知事件
• 相关API：
  • int timerfd_create(int clockid, int flags);
  • int timerfd_settime(int fd, int flags, const struct itimerspec *new_value, struct itimerspec *old_value);
  • int timerfd_gettime(int fd, struct itimerspec *curr_value);

struct timespec {
         time_t tv_sec;                /* Seconds */
         long   tv_nsec;               /* Nanoseconds */
};

struct itimerspec {
         struct timespec it_interval;  /* Interval for periodic timer */
         struct timespec it_value;     /* Initial expiration */
};

it_value是首次超时时间，需要填写从clock_gettime获取的时间，并加上要超时的时间。 it_interval是后续周期性超时时间，是多少时间就填写多少。

void print_time()
{
	struct timeval tv;
	gettimeofday(&tv, NULL);
	printf("current time: %ld.%ld\n", tv.tv_sec, tv.tv_usec);
}

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
	/* Pre use timerfd_settime Need to call clock_gettime gets the current time */
	struct timespec now;
	if ((clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME, &now)) == -1)
		handle_error("clock_gettime");

	/* Set timeout */
	struct itimerspec new_value;
	/* 10 seconds later, first timeout */
	new_value.it_value.tv_sec = now.tv_sec + 5;
	new_value.it_value.tv_nsec= now.tv_nsec;
	/* The signal occurs every 3 seconds */
	new_value.it_interval.tv_sec = 1; 
	new_value.it_interval.tv_nsec= 0;

	/*  */
	int fd = timerfd_create(CLOCK_REALTIME, 0);
	if (fd == -1)
			handle_error("timerfd_create");
	if (timerfd_settime(fd, TFD_TIMER_ABSTIME, &new_value, NULL) == -1)
			handle_error("timerfd_settime");

	print_time();
	printf("time started\n");

	for(uint64_t tot_exp = 0; tot_exp < 10;) //timer run times: 20
	{
		uint64_t exp;
		ssize_t s = read(fd, &exp, sizeof(uint64_t));
		if (s != sizeof(uint64_t))
				handle_error("read");
		tot_exp += exp;
		print_time();
		printf("read: %llu, total: %llu", exp, tot_exp);
	}

	return 0;
}

执行结果

current time: 1648031374.293403
time started
current time: 1648031379.294579
read: 1, total: 1current time: 1648031380.294439
read: 1, total: 2current time: 1648031381.294464
read: 1, total: 3current time: 1648031382.294013
read: 1, total: 4current time: 1648031383.294167
read: 1, total: 5current time: 1648031384.293585
read: 1, total: 6current time: 1648031385.294088
read: 1, total: 7current time: 1648031386.294429
read: 1, total: 8current time: 1648031387.293897
read: 1, total: 9current time: 1648031388.294057