2014多校一1011（HDU4871）--Shortest-path tree树分治

Problem Description

Given a connected, undirected graph G, a shortest-path tree rooted at vertex v is a spanning tree T of G, such that the path distance from root v to any other vertex u in T is the shortest path distance from v to u in G. 
We may construct a shortest-path tree using the following method:
We consider a shortest-path tree rooted at node 1. For every node i in the graph G, we choose a shortest path from root to i. If there are many shortest paths from root to i, we choose the one that the sequence of passing nodes' number is lexicographically minimum. All edges on the paths that we chose form a shortest-path tree.
Now we want to know how long are the longest simple paths which contain K nodes in the shortest-path tree and how many these paths? Two simple paths are different if the sets of nodes they go through are different.

 

Input

The first line has a number T (T <= 10), indicating the number of test cases.
For each test case, the first line contains three integers n, m, k(1<=n<=30000,1<=m<=60000,2<=k<=n), denote the number of nodes, the number of edges and the nodes of required paths.
Then next m lines, each lines contains three integers a, b, c(1<=a, b<=n, 1<=c<=10000),denote there is an edge between a, b and length is c.

 

Output

For each case, output two numbers, denote the length of required paths and the numbers of required paths.

 

Sample Input

  
  

   
   1
6 6 4
1 2 1
2 3 1
3 4 1
2 5 1
3 6 1
5 6 1
  
  

 

Sample Output

  
  

   
   3 4
  
  
  
  

   
   
   
   
    
    

     
     思路：没接触过树分治先看漆子超论文、、
    
    
    
    

     
     堆优化的DIJK跑一下得到所求的最短路径树。然后每次找到树重心，那么K个点的路径分为经过重心和没经过重心两种。没经过重心的递归处理。经过重心的每跑一个点，如果当前点到重心的步数为a,就和之前子树的dis[k-1-a]的最大值相加，不断更新最大值和维护出现次数。每颗子树跑完再更新dis。
    
    
   
   
#include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
#include <map>
#include <set>
#include <cmath>
#include <queue>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
#define maxn 200800
#define inf 0x3f3f3f3f
int first[maxn];
int vv[maxn],nxt[maxn],ww[maxn],dd[maxn],size[maxn],cnt[maxn],val[maxn],dp[maxn],dis[maxn],num[maxn],fuck,fuckyou;
bool vis[maxn];
int e,nowsize,maxsonsize,Center,k;
void init()
{
	e = fuck = fuckyou = 0;
	memset(val,0,sizeof(val));
	memset(vis,0,sizeof(vis));
	memset(first,-1,sizeof(first));
	for(int i = 1;i <= k;i++)
		dis[i] = -inf;
}
struct Edge
{
	int v,cost;
	Edge(){}
	Edge(int v_,int c_)
	{
		v = v_;
		cost = c_;
	}
};
vector <Edge> ans[maxn];
void addedge(int u,int v,int w)
{
	vv[e] = v;	nxt[e] = first[u];	ww[e] = w;	first[u] = e++;
	vv[e] = u;	nxt[e] = first[v];	ww[e] = w;	first[v] = e++;
}
struct Node
{
	int pre,u,d,cost;
	Node(){}
	Node(int pp,int uu,int dd,int cc)
	{
		pre = pp;	u = uu;	d = dd;	cost = cc;
	}
	bool operator < (const Node & a)const
	{
		if(d != a.d)	return d > a.d;
		else if(pre != a.pre)	return pre > a.pre;
		else return u > a.u;
	}
};
priority_queue <Node> q;
void Dijk(int n)
{
	memset(dd,0x3f,sizeof(dd));
	dd[1] = 0;
	while(!q.empty())	q.pop();
	q.push(Node(-1,1,0,0));
	int nown = 0;
	while(nown < n && !q.empty())
	{
L:
		Node node = q.top();
		q.pop();
		if(vis[node.u] && !q.empty())	goto L;
		if(!vis[node.u])
		{
			nown++;
			vis[node.u] = 1;
			addedge(node.pre,node.u,node.cost);
			for(int i = 0;i < ans[node.u].size();i++)
			{
				int v = ans[node.u][i].v,w = ans[node.u][i].cost;
				if(!vis[v] && dd[node.u] + w <= dd[v])
				{
					dd[v] = dd[node.u] + w;
					q.push(Node(node.u,v,dd[v],w));
				}
			}
		}
	}
}

vector <int> D[maxn];
void dfs(int u,int pre)
{
	nowsize++;
	cnt[u] = 1;
	dp[u] = 0;
	for(int i = first[u];i != -1;i = nxt[i])
	{
		int v = vv[i];
		if(v == pre || v==-1 || val[v])	continue;
		dfs(v,u);
		cnt[u] += cnt[v];
		dp[u] = max(dp[u],cnt[v]);
	}
}

void get_center(int u,int fa)
{
	int tmp = max(nowsize-cnt[u],dp[u]);
	if(tmp < maxsonsize)
	{
		Center = u;
		maxsonsize = tmp;
	}
	for(int i = first[u];i != -1;i = nxt[i])
	{
		int v = vv[i];
		if(v == fa || v==-1 || val[v])	continue;
		get_center(v,u);
	}
}

void Get_Center(int u,int pre)
{
	Center = u,maxsonsize = inf,nowsize = 0;
	dfs(u,pre);
	get_center(u,pre);
}

void DFS(int u,int pre,int d,int dd)
{
	D[d].push_back(dd);
	if(d > k)return;
	if(dd+dis[k-d] > fuck)
	{
		fuck = dd+dis[k-d];
		fuckyou = 1;
	}
	else if(dd+dis[k-d]==fuck)	fuckyou+=num[k-d];
	for(int i = first[u];i != -1;i = nxt[i])
	{
		int v = vv[i];
		if(v == pre || v==-1 || val[v])	continue;
		DFS(v,u,d+1,dd+ww[i]);
	}
}

void gao(int u,int pre)
{
	Get_Center(u,pre);//得到树的重心Center
	if(nowsize <= k+1)	return;
	for(int i = 0;i <= k+1;i++)	D[i].clear();
	memset(dis,0,sizeof(dis));
	memset(num,0,sizeof(num));
	val[Center] = 1;
	for(int i = first[Center];i != -1;i = nxt[i])
	{
		int v = vv[i];
		if(v==-1 || val[v])	continue;
		DFS(v,Center,1,ww[i]);
		for(int i = 0;i <= k;i++)
		{
			for(int j = 0;j < D[i].size();j++)
			{
				int a = D[i][j];
				if(a > dis[i])
				{
					dis[i] = a;
					num[i] = 1;
				}
				else if(a == dis[i])	num[i]++;
			}
			D[i].clear();
		}
	}
	int aa = Center;
	for(int i = first[aa];i != -1;i = nxt[i])
	{
		int v = vv[i];
		if(v==-1 || val[v]) continue;
		gao(v,aa);
	}
}
int main()
{
	//freopen("in.txt","r",stdin);
	int t;
	scanf("%d",&t);
	while(t--)
	{
		int n,m;
		scanf("%d%d%d",&n,&m,&k);
		for(int i = 1;i <= n;i++)	ans[i].clear();
		while(m--)
		{
			int u,v,w;
			scanf("%d%d%d",&u,&v,&w);
			ans[u].push_back(Edge(v,w));
			ans[v].push_back(Edge(u,w));
		}
		init();
		k--;
		Dijk(n);//建立好最段路径了，接下来是搜一下这棵树
		gao(1,-1);
		printf("%d %d\n",fuck,fuckyou);
	}
	return 0;
}