WPF 实现折线图
控件名:ChartLine
作 者:WPFDevelopersOrg - 驚鏵
原文链接[1]:https://github.com/WPFDevelopersOrg/WPFDevelopers
码云链接[2]:https://gitee.com/WPFDevelopersOrg/WPFDevelopers
框架支持
.NET4 至 .NET8
;Visual Studio 2022
;
1)新增 ChartBase
代码如下:
1.绘制
X
轴:根据控件的宽度和数据的数量计算出图表的宽度,并在底部绘制X轴。2.绘制
Y
轴虚线:绘制一系列垂直的短线来代表Y轴的虚线。3.绘制
Y
轴数值文本:在Y轴虚线的旁边绘制对应的数值文本。4.计算刻度值:根据数据的最大值和设定的行数来计算
Y
轴上每个刻度的值。5.绘制
Y
轴线:在每个刻度值的位置绘制一条线来代表Y轴。6.绘制
Y
轴数值文本:在每个刻度的位置绘制对应的数值文本。xAxiHeight
设定X
轴的高度StartY
设定Y
轴的起始位置width
计算图表的宽度IntervalY
Y
轴的间隔初始化为0
x
当前X
轴的位置y
当前Y
轴的位置加上画笔高度drawingContext.DrawSnappedLinesBetweenPoints(myPen, myPen.Thickness, new Point(StartX, StartY), new Point(width, StartY));
绘制X
轴drawingContext.DrawSnappedLinesBetweenPoints(myPen, myPen.Thickness, points.ToArray());
绘制底部X
轴的齿距drawingContext.DrawText(formattedText, new Point(StartX - formattedText.Width - 10, yAxis - formattedText.Height / 2));
绘制Y
轴的数值drawingContext.DrawSnappedLinesBetweenPoints(xAxisPen, xAxisPen.Thickness, points.ToArray());
绘制Y
轴上的线
public class ChartBase : Control
{
public static readonly DependencyProperty DatasProperty =
DependencyProperty.Register("Datas", typeof(IEnumerable<KeyValuePair<string, double>>),
typeof(ChartBase), new UIPropertyMetadata(DatasChanged));
static ChartBase()
{
DefaultStyleKeyProperty.OverrideMetadata(typeof(ChartBase),
new FrameworkPropertyMetadata(typeof(ChartBase)));
}
protected double Rows { get; } = 5;
protected double Interval { get; } = 120;
protected short ScaleFactor { get; private set; } = 80;
protected Brush ChartFill { get; private set; }
protected double StartX { get; private set; }
protected double StartY { get; private set; }
protected double MaxY { get; }
protected double IntervalY { get; private set; }
protected Brush NormalBrush => ControlsHelper.PrimaryNormalBrush;
public IEnumerable<KeyValuePair<string, double>> Datas
{
get => (IEnumerable<KeyValuePair<string, double>>) GetValue(DatasProperty);
set => SetValue(DatasProperty, value);
}
private static void DatasChanged(DependencyObject d, DependencyPropertyChangedEventArgs e)
{
var ctrl = d as ChartBase;
if (e.NewValue != null)
ctrl.InvalidateVisual();
}
protected override void OnRender(DrawingContext drawingContext)
{
base.OnRender(drawingContext);
if (Datas == null || Datas.Count() == 0)
return;
SnapsToDevicePixels = true;
UseLayoutRounding = true;
ChartFill = Application.Current.TryFindResource("WD.ChartFillSolidColorBrush") as Brush;
var myPen = new Pen
{
Thickness = 1,
Brush = ChartFill
};
myPen.Freeze();
var xAxiHeight = 4;
StartY = ActualHeight - (xAxiHeight + myPen.Thickness) - 20;
var w = ActualWidth;
StartX = 40;
var width = Datas.Count() * Interval + StartX;
IntervalY = 0;
var x = StartX;
var y = StartY + myPen.Thickness;
drawingContext.DrawSnappedLinesBetweenPoints(myPen, myPen.Thickness, new Point(StartX, StartY),
new Point(width, StartY));
var points = new List<Point>();
for (var i = 0; i < Datas.Count() + 1; i++)
{
points.Add(new Point(x, y));
points.Add(new Point(x, y + xAxiHeight));
x += Interval;
}
drawingContext.DrawSnappedLinesBetweenPoints(myPen, myPen.Thickness, points.ToArray());
var formattedText = DrawingContextHelper.GetFormattedText(IntervalY.ToString(),
ChartFill, FlowDirection.LeftToRight);
drawingContext.DrawText(formattedText,
new Point(StartX - formattedText.Width * 2, StartY - formattedText.Height / 2));
var xAxisPen = new Pen
{
Thickness = 1,
Brush = Application.Current.TryFindResource("WD.ChartXAxisSolidColorBrush") as Brush
};
xAxisPen.Freeze();
var max = Convert.ToInt32(Datas.Max(kvp => kvp.Value));
var min = Convert.ToInt32(Datas.Min(kvp => kvp.Value));
ScaleFactor = Convert.ToInt16(StartY / Rows);
var yAxis = StartY - ScaleFactor;
points.Clear();
var average = Convert.ToInt32(max / Rows);
var result = Enumerable.Range(0, (Convert.ToInt32(max) - average) / average + 1)
.Select(i => average + i * average);
foreach (var item in result)
{
points.Add(new Point(StartX, yAxis));
points.Add(new Point(width, yAxis));
IntervalY = item;
formattedText = DrawingContextHelper.GetFormattedText(IntervalY.ToString(),
ChartFill, FlowDirection.LeftToRight);
drawingContext.DrawText(formattedText,
new Point(StartX - formattedText.Width - 10, yAxis - formattedText.Height / 2));
yAxis -= ScaleFactor;
}
drawingContext.DrawSnappedLinesBetweenPoints(xAxisPen, xAxisPen.Thickness, points.ToArray());
}
}
2)新增 ChartLine
代码如下:
1.计算比例和位置:根据第一个数据点的值计算其在
Y
轴上的比例和位置。2.绘制数据点标签:遍历数据集中的每一个数据点,为每个数据点绘制其标签,并计算标签的绘制位置。
3.绘制线条和椭圆:对于每个数据点,计算其在
Y
轴上的位置,并绘制从上一个数据点到当前数据点的线。同时,绘制一个椭圆来表示当前的数据点。4.更新位置和状态:更新起始点和
X
轴位置,为绘制下一个数据点做准备。
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Media;
namespace WPFDevelopers.Controls
{
public class ChartLine : ChartBase
{
private const double _size = 10;
protected override void OnRender(DrawingContext drawingContext)
{
if (Datas == null || Datas.Count() == 0)
return;
base.OnRender(drawingContext);
var x = StartX;
var interval = Interval;
var drawingPen = new Pen
{
Thickness = 1,
Brush = NormalBrush
};
drawingPen.Freeze();
var firstDataPoint = Datas.FirstOrDefault();
if (firstDataPoint.Equals(default(KeyValuePair<string, double>)))
return;
double proportion = firstDataPoint.Value / IntervalY;
double yPositionFromBottom = StartY - proportion * (ScaleFactor * Rows);
var startPoint = new Point(x + Interval / 2, yPositionFromBottom);
foreach (var item in Datas)
{
var formattedText = DrawingContextHelper.GetFormattedText(item.Key,
ChartFill, FlowDirection.LeftToRight);
var point = new Point(x + interval / 2 - formattedText.Width / 2, StartY + 4);
drawingContext.DrawText(formattedText, point);
var y = StartY - (item.Value / IntervalY) * (ScaleFactor * Rows);
var endPoint = new Point(x + Interval / 2, y);
drawingContext.DrawLine(drawingPen, startPoint, endPoint);
var ellipsePoint = new Point(endPoint.X - _size / 2, endPoint.Y - _size / 2);
var rect = new Rect(ellipsePoint, new Size(_size, _size));
var ellipseGeom = new EllipseGeometry(rect);
drawingContext.DrawGeometry(drawingPen.Brush, drawingPen, ellipseGeom);
startPoint = endPoint;
x += interval;
}
}
}
}
3)新增 ChartLineExample.xaml
示例代码如下:
<Grid Background="{DynamicResource WD.BackgroundSolidColorBrush}">
<Grid.RowDefinitions>
<RowDefinition />
<RowDefinition Height="Auto" />
</Grid.RowDefinitions>
<ScrollViewer VerticalScrollBarVisibility="Auto" HorizontalScrollBarVisibility="Auto">
<Border
Height="500"
Margin="30,0"
Background="{DynamicResource WD.BackgroundSolidColorBrush}">
<wd:ChartLine Datas="{Binding Datas, RelativeSource={RelativeSource AncestorType=local:ChartLineExample}}" />
</Border>
</ScrollViewer>
<Button
Grid.Row="1"
Width="200"
VerticalAlignment="Bottom"
Click="Button_Click"
Content="刷新"
Style="{StaticResource WD.PrimaryButton}" />
</Grid>
3)新增 ChartLineExample.xaml.cs
示例代码如下:
public partial class ChartLineExample : UserControl
{
public IEnumerable<KeyValuePair<string, double>> Datas
{
get { return (IEnumerable<KeyValuePair<string, double>>)GetValue(DatasProperty); }
set { SetValue(DatasProperty, value); }
}
public static readonly DependencyProperty DatasProperty =
DependencyProperty.Register("Datas", typeof(IEnumerable<KeyValuePair<string, double>>), typeof(ChartLineExample), new PropertyMetadata(null));
private Dictionary<string, IEnumerable<KeyValuePair<string, double>>> keyValues = new Dictionary<string, IEnumerable<KeyValuePair<string, double>>>();
private int _index = 0;
public ChartLineExample()
{
InitializeComponent();
var models1 = new[]
{
new KeyValuePair<string, double>("Mon", 120),
new KeyValuePair<string, double>("Tue", 530),
new KeyValuePair<string, double>("Wed", 1060),
new KeyValuePair<string, double>("Thu", 140),
new KeyValuePair<string, double>("Fri", 8000) ,
new KeyValuePair<string, double>("Sat", 200) ,
new KeyValuePair<string, double>("Sun", 300) ,
};
var models2 = new[]
{
new KeyValuePair<string, double>("(1)月", 120),
new KeyValuePair<string, double>("(2)月", 170),
new KeyValuePair<string, double>("(3)月", 30),
new KeyValuePair<string, double>("(4)月", 200),
new KeyValuePair<string, double>("(5)月", 100) ,
new KeyValuePair<string, double>("(6)月", 180) ,
new KeyValuePair<string, double>("(7)月", 90) ,
};
keyValues.Add("1", models1);
keyValues.Add("2", models2);
Datas = models1;
}
private void Button_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
_index++;
if (_index >= keyValues.Count)
{
_index = 0;
}
Datas = keyValues.ToList()[_index].Value;
}
}
参考资料
[1]
原文链接: https://github.com/WPFDevelopersOrg/WPFDevelopers
[2]码云链接: https://gitee.com/WPFDevelopersOrg/WPFDevelopers