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自从Gallery被谷歌废弃以后,Google推荐使用ViewPager和HorizontalScrollView来实现Gallery的效果。的确HorizontalScrollView可以实现Gallery的效果,但是HorizontalScrollView存在一个很大的问题,如果你仅是用来展示少量的图片,应该是没问题的,但是如果我希望HorizontalScrollView可以想ViewPager一样,既可以绑定数据集(动态改变图片),还能做到,不管多少图片都不会OOM(ViewPager内部一直初始化,回收,至多只保持3个View)。本篇博客首先介绍HorizontalScrollView的简单用法,然后会在此基础上进行扩展,自定义HorizontalScrollView实现我们上面提到的效果,类似一屏可以显示多个View的ViewPager,再多的图片也不怕OOM。
1、HorizontalScrollView的简单用法
HorizontalScrollView其实是FrameLayout的子类,所以内部只能有一个直接的子View。我们用来做Gallery效果,首选当然是LinearLayout,然后方向设置为水平。
1、布局文件:
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" > <HorizontalScrollView android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="150dp" android:layout_gravity="center_vertical" android:background="#AA444444" android:scrollbars="none" > <LinearLayout android:id="@+id/id_gallery" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_gravity="center_vertical" android:orientation="horizontal" > </LinearLayout> </HorizontalScrollView></LinearLayout>
很简单,就一个HorizontalScrollView内部有个水平方向的LinearLayout
MainActivity:
package com.example.zhy_horizontalscrollview;import android.app.Activity;import android.os.Bundle;import android.view.LayoutInflater;import android.view.View;import android.view.Window;import android.widget.ImageView;import android.widget.LinearLayout;import android.widget.TextView;public class MainActivity extends Activity{ private LinearLayout mGallery; private int[] mImgIds; private LayoutInflater mInflater; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); requestWindowFeature(Window.FEATURE_NO_TITLE); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); mInflater = LayoutInflater.from(this); initData(); initView(); } private void initData() { mImgIds = new int[] { R.drawable.a, R.drawable.b, R.drawable.c, R.drawable.d, R.drawable.e, R.drawable.f, R.drawable.g, R.drawable.h, R.drawable.l }; } private void initView() { mGallery = (LinearLayout) findViewById(R.id.id_gallery); for (int i = 0; i < mImgIds.length; i++) { View view = mInflater.inflate(R.layout.activity_index_gallery_item, mGallery, false); ImageView img = (ImageView) view .findViewById(R.id.id_index_gallery_item_image); img.setImageResource(mImgIds[i]); TextView txt = (TextView) view .findViewById(R.id.id_index_gallery_item_text); txt.setText("some info "); mGallery.addView(view); } }}
很简单,我预先准备了一些图片直接放在了Drawble下,然后循环加入HorizontalScrollView的LinearLayout中即可,Item的布局就省了,后面会贴源码。
效果图:
效果还是不错的~如果只需要简单展示几张图片,直接用就可以了。
下面准备进入正题,HorizontalScrollView不管里面多少View都是不会回收的,当达到一定量的时候会发生OOM,下面介绍如何改写HorizontalScollView实现文章开始所说的效果。
2、自定义HorizontalScrollView
思想:
1、首先根据屏幕的大小和Item的大小,计算可以一个屏幕最多可以加载多少个Item,然后加载该数量Item。
2、当用户右滑(从右向左),滑动到一定距离时,加载下一张,删除第一张
3、当用户左滑(从左向右),滑动到一定距离时,加载上一张,删除最后一张
看下最后的效果图:
为了增加一定的趣味,做了一个类似上面的相册效果,支持拖动时自动变化,和点击变化~~是不是很赞~
1、首先看布局文件:
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:background="@android:color/white" android:orientation="vertical" > <FrameLayout android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="0dp" android:layout_weight="1" > <ImageView android:id="@+id/id_content" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent" android:layout_gravity="center" android:layout_margin="10dp" android:scaleType="centerCrop" android:src="@drawable/ic_launcher" /> </FrameLayout> <com.example.zhy_horizontalscrollview.MyHorizontalScrollView android:id="@+id/id_horizontalScrollView" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="150dp" android:layout_gravity="bottom" android:background="@android:color/white" android:scrollbars="none" > <LinearLayout android:id="@+id/id_gallery" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_gravity="center_vertical" android:orientation="horizontal" > </LinearLayout> </com.example.zhy_horizontalscrollview.MyHorizontalScrollView></LinearLayout>
没任何变化,除了把类名改成了我们自定义的类~
2、为了和国际接轨,我们也搞个Adapter,类似BaseAdapter
package com.example.zhy_horizontalscrollview;import java.util.List;import android.content.Context;import android.view.LayoutInflater;import android.view.View;import android.view.ViewGroup;import android.widget.BaseAdapter;import android.widget.ImageView;import android.widget.TextView;public class HorizontalScrollViewAdapter{ private Context mContext; private LayoutInflater mInflater; private List<Integer> mDatas; public HorizontalScrollViewAdapter(Context context, List<Integer> mDatas) { this.mContext = context; mInflater = LayoutInflater.from(context); this.mDatas = mDatas; } public int getCount() { return mDatas.size(); } public Object getItem(int position) { return mDatas.get(position); } public long getItemId(int position) { return position; } public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) { ViewHolder viewHolder = null; if (convertView == null) { viewHolder = new ViewHolder(); convertView = mInflater.inflate( R.layout.activity_index_gallery_item, parent, false); viewHolder.mImg = (ImageView) convertView .findViewById(R.id.id_index_gallery_item_image); viewHolder.mText = (TextView) convertView .findViewById(R.id.id_index_gallery_item_text); convertView.setTag(viewHolder); } else { viewHolder = (ViewHolder) convertView.getTag(); } viewHolder.mImg.setImageResource(mDatas.get(position)); viewHolder.mText.setText("some info "); return convertView; } private class ViewHolder { ImageView mImg; TextView mText; }}
3、下面先看用法:
package com.example.zhy_horizontalscrollview;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.Arrays;import java.util.List;import android.app.Activity;import android.graphics.Color;import android.os.Bundle;import android.view.View;import android.view.Window;import android.widget.ImageView;import com.example.zhy_horizontalscrollview.MyHorizontalScrollView.CurrentImageChangeListener;import com.example.zhy_horizontalscrollview.MyHorizontalScrollView.OnItemClickListener;public class MainActivity extends Activity{ private MyHorizontalScrollView mHorizontalScrollView; private HorizontalScrollViewAdapter mAdapter; private ImageView mImg; private List<Integer> mDatas = new ArrayList<Integer>(Arrays.asList( R.drawable.a, R.drawable.b, R.drawable.c, R.drawable.d, R.drawable.e, R.drawable.f, R.drawable.g, R.drawable.h, R.drawable.l)); @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); requestWindowFeature(Window.FEATURE_NO_TITLE); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); mImg = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.id_content); mHorizontalScrollView = (MyHorizontalScrollView) findViewById(R.id.id_horizontalScrollView); mAdapter = new HorizontalScrollViewAdapter(this, mDatas); //添加滚动回调 mHorizontalScrollView .setCurrentImageChangeListener(new CurrentImageChangeListener() { @Override public void onCurrentImgChanged(int position, View viewIndicator) { mImg.setImageResource(mDatas.get(position)); viewIndicator.setBackgroundColor(Color .parseColor("#AA024DA4")); } }); //添加点击回调 mHorizontalScrollView.setOnItemClickListener(new OnItemClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View view, int position) { mImg.setImageResource(mDatas.get(position)); view.setBackgroundColor(Color.parseColor("#AA024DA4")); } }); //设置适配器 mHorizontalScrollView.initDatas(mAdapter); }}
用起来是不是有点像ListView,初始化数据适配器,然后设置数据适配器,然后就是设置各种回调~~
如果仅仅是一堆图片展示,类似商品切换,更见简单,就不需要设置滚动监听和点击监听了~
4、最后看自定义的MyHorizontalScrollView类
package com.example.zhy_horizontalscrollview;import java.util.HashMap;import java.util.Map;import android.content.Context;import android.graphics.Color;import android.util.AttributeSet;import android.util.DisplayMetrics;import android.util.Log;import android.view.MotionEvent;import android.view.View;import android.view.View.OnClickListener;import android.view.WindowManager;import android.widget.HorizontalScrollView;import android.widget.LinearLayout;public class MyHorizontalScrollView extends HorizontalScrollView implements OnClickListener{ /** * 图片滚动时的回调接口 * * @author zhy * */ public interface CurrentImageChangeListener { void onCurrentImgChanged(int position, View viewIndicator); } /** * 条目点击时的回调 * * @author zhy * */ public interface OnItemClickListener { void onClick(View view, int pos); } private CurrentImageChangeListener mListener; private OnItemClickListener mOnClickListener; private static final String TAG = "MyHorizontalScrollView"; /** * HorizontalListView中的LinearLayout */ private LinearLayout mContainer; /** * 子元素的宽度 */ private int mChildWidth; /** * 子元素的高度 */ private int mChildHeight; /** * 当前最后一张图片的index */ private int mCurrentIndex; /** * 当前第一张图片的下标 */ private int mFristIndex; /** * 当前第一个View */ private View mFirstView; /** * 数据适配器 */ private HorizontalScrollViewAdapter mAdapter; /** * 每屏幕最多显示的个数 */ private int mCountOneScreen; /** * 屏幕的宽度 */ private int mScreenWitdh; /** * 保存View与位置的键值对 */ private Map<View, Integer> mViewPos = new HashMap<View, Integer>(); public MyHorizontalScrollView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) { super(context, attrs); // 获得屏幕宽度 WindowManager wm = (WindowManager) context .getSystemService(Context.WINDOW_SERVICE); DisplayMetrics outMetrics = new DisplayMetrics(); wm.getDefaultDisplay().getMetrics(outMetrics); mScreenWitdh = outMetrics.widthPixels; } @Override protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) { super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec); mContainer = (LinearLayout) getChildAt(0); } /** * 加载下一张图片 */ protected void loadNextImg() { // 数组边界值计算 if (mCurrentIndex == mAdapter.getCount() - 1) { return; } //移除第一张图片,且将水平滚动位置置0 scrollTo(0, 0); mViewPos.remove(mContainer.getChildAt(0)); mContainer.removeViewAt(0); //获取下一张图片,并且设置onclick事件,且加入容器中 View view = mAdapter.getView(++mCurrentIndex, null, mContainer); view.setOnClickListener(this); mContainer.addView(view); mViewPos.put(view, mCurrentIndex); //当前第一张图片小标 mFristIndex++; //如果设置了滚动监听则触发 if (mListener != null) { notifyCurrentImgChanged(); } } /** * 加载前一张图片 */ protected void loadPreImg() { //如果当前已经是第一张,则返回 if (mFristIndex == 0) return; //获得当前应该显示为第一张图片的下标 int index = mCurrentIndex - mCountOneScreen; if (index >= 0) {// mContainer = (LinearLayout) getChildAt(0); //移除最后一张 int oldViewPos = mContainer.getChildCount() - 1; mViewPos.remove(mContainer.getChildAt(oldViewPos)); mContainer.removeViewAt(oldViewPos); //将此View放入第一个位置 View view = mAdapter.getView(index, null, mContainer); mViewPos.put(view, index); mContainer.addView(view, 0); view.setOnClickListener(this); //水平滚动位置向左移动view的宽度个像素 scrollTo(mChildWidth, 0); //当前位置--,当前第一个显示的下标-- mCurrentIndex--; mFristIndex--; //回调 if (mListener != null) { notifyCurrentImgChanged(); } } } /** * 滑动时的回调 */ public void notifyCurrentImgChanged() { //先清除所有的背景色,点击时会设置为蓝色 for (int i = 0; i < mContainer.getChildCount(); i++) { mContainer.getChildAt(i).setBackgroundColor(Color.WHITE); } mListener.onCurrentImgChanged(mFristIndex, mContainer.getChildAt(0)); } /** * 初始化数据,设置数据适配器 * * @param mAdapter */ public void initDatas(HorizontalScrollViewAdapter mAdapter) { this.mAdapter = mAdapter; mContainer = (LinearLayout) getChildAt(0); // 获得适配器中第一个View final View view = mAdapter.getView(0, null, mContainer); mContainer.addView(view); // 强制计算当前View的宽和高 if (mChildWidth == 0 && mChildHeight == 0) { int w = View.MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(0, View.MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED); int h = View.MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(0, View.MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED); view.measure(w, h); mChildHeight = view.getMeasuredHeight(); mChildWidth = view.getMeasuredWidth(); Log.e(TAG, view.getMeasuredWidth() + "," + view.getMeasuredHeight()); mChildHeight = view.getMeasuredHeight(); // 计算每次加载多少个View mCountOneScreen = mScreenWitdh / mChildWidth+2; Log.e(TAG, "mCountOneScreen = " + mCountOneScreen + " ,mChildWidth = " + mChildWidth); } //初始化第一屏幕的元素 initFirstScreenChildren(mCountOneScreen); } /** * 加载第一屏的View * * @param mCountOneScreen */ public void initFirstScreenChildren(int mCountOneScreen) { mContainer = (LinearLayout) getChildAt(0); mContainer.removeAllViews(); mViewPos.clear(); for (int i = 0; i < mCountOneScreen; i++) { View view = mAdapter.getView(i, null, mContainer); view.setOnClickListener(this); mContainer.addView(view); mViewPos.put(view, i); mCurrentIndex = i; } if (mListener != null) { notifyCurrentImgChanged(); } } @Override public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) { switch (ev.getAction()) { case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE:// Log.e(TAG, getScrollX() + ""); int scrollX = getScrollX(); // 如果当前scrollX为view的宽度,加载下一张,移除第一张 if (scrollX >= mChildWidth) { loadNextImg(); } // 如果当前scrollX = 0, 往前设置一张,移除最后一张 if (scrollX == 0) { loadPreImg(); } break; } return super.onTouchEvent(ev); } @Override public void onClick(View v) { if (mOnClickListener != null) { for (int i = 0; i < mContainer.getChildCount(); i++) { mContainer.getChildAt(i).setBackgroundColor(Color.WHITE); } mOnClickListener.onClick(v, mViewPos.get(v)); } } public void setOnItemClickListener(OnItemClickListener mOnClickListener) { this.mOnClickListener = mOnClickListener; } public void setCurrentImageChangeListener( CurrentImageChangeListener mListener) { this.mListener = mListener; }}
首先,加载第一个Item,根据item的宽计算当前屏幕可以加载多少张图片,然后初始化第一屏的图片,接下来就是从写onTouchEvent,在其中监听用户的ACTION_MOVE,然后根据移动的距离加载前一张或者后一张,同时动态移除不可见的View,回收内存~~~~
代码中有个Map专门存储View和posion的,主要是为了给点击回调提供当前的View的位置,有点类似:Android 自定义 ViewPager 打造千变万化的图片切换效果里面的Map的巧妙用法~~
是不是完全实现了ViewPager和HorizontalScrollView的合体~~~HorizontalScrollView的效果,ViewPager的特性~~~~
最后贴一下旋转屏幕后的效果图:
可以看出,不仅是做相册,还是图片轮播想过都是刚刚的!
如果你的项目中需要用到Gallery类似的效果,果断使用上例尝试吧~~
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![这里写图片描述](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/2e19ffb3303a490d20ea5d00dd397156.gif)