Java / Android 基于Http的多线程下载的实现

               

转载请标明出处：http://blog.csdn.net/lmj623565791/article/details/26994463

有个朋友需要个多线程现在的例子，就帮忙实现了，在此分享下~

先说下原理，原理明白了，其实很简单：

a、对于网络上的一个资源，首先发送一个请求，从返回的Content-Length中回去需要下载文件的大小，然后根据文件大小创建一个文件。

this.fileSize = conn.getContentLength();// 根据响应获取文件大小File dir = new File(dirStr);this.localFile = new File(dir, filename);RandomAccessFile raf = new RandomAccessFile(this.localFile, "rw");raf.setLength(fileSize);raf.close();

b、根据线程数和文件大小，为每个线程分配下载的字节区间，然后每个线程向服务器发送请求，获取这段字节区间的文件内容。

conn.setRequestProperty("Range", "bytes=" + startPos + "-"      + endPos);// 设置获取实体数据的范围

c、利用RandomAccessFile的seek方法，多线程同时往一个文件中写入字节。

raf.seek(startPos);while ((len = is.read(buf)) != -1){ raf.write(buf, 0, len);}

分析完了原理就很简单了，我封装了一个类，利用这个类的实例进行下载，所需参数：下载资源的URI， 本地文件路径，线程的数量。

package com.zhy.mutilthread_download;import java.io.File;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.InputStream;import java.io.RandomAccessFile;import java.net.HttpURLConnection;import java.net.URL;public class MultipartThreadDownloador{ /**  * 需要下载资源的地址  */ private String urlStr; /**  * 下载的文件  */ private File localFile; /**  * 需要下载文件的存放的本地文件夹路径  */ private String dirStr; /**  * 存储到本地的文件名  */ private String filename; /**  * 开启的线程数量  */ private int threadCount; /**  * 下载文件的大小  */ private long fileSize; public MultipartThreadDownloador(String urlStr, String dirStr,   String filename, int threadCount) {  this.urlStr = urlStr;  this.dirStr = dirStr;  this.filename = filename;  this.threadCount = threadCount; } public void download() throws IOException {  createFileByUrl();  /**   * 计算每个线程需要下载的数据长度   */  long block = fileSize % threadCount == 0 ? fileSize / threadCount    : fileSize / threadCount + 1;  for (int i = 0; i < threadCount; i++)  {   long start = i * block;   long end = start + block >= fileSize ? fileSize : start + block - 1;   new DownloadThread(new URL(urlStr), localFile, start, end).start();  } } /**  * 根据资源的URL获取资源的大小，以及在本地创建文件  */ public void createFileByUrl() throws IOException {  URL url = new URL(urlStr);  HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();  conn.setConnectTimeout(15 * 1000);  conn.setRequestMethod("GET");  conn.setRequestProperty(    "Accept",    "image/gif, image/jpeg, image/pjpeg, image/pjpeg, application/x-shockwave-flash, application/xaml+xml, application/vnd.ms-xpsdocument, application/x-ms-xbap, application/x-ms-application, application/vnd.ms-excel, application/vnd.ms-powerpoint, application/msword, */*");  conn.setRequestProperty("Accept-Language", "zh-CN");  conn.setRequestProperty("Referer", urlStr);  conn.setRequestProperty("Charset", "UTF-8");  conn.setRequestProperty(    "User-Agent",    "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 5.2; Trident/4.0; .NET CLR 1.1.4322; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.0.04506.30; .NET CLR 3.0.4506.2152; .NET CLR 3.5.30729)");  conn.setRequestProperty("Connection", "Keep-Alive");  conn.connect();  if (conn.getResponseCode() == 200)  {   this.fileSize = conn.getContentLength();// 根据响应获取文件大小   if (fileSize <= 0)    throw new RuntimeException(      "the file that you download has a wrong size ... ");   File dir = new File(dirStr);   if (!dir.exists())    dir.mkdirs();   this.localFile = new File(dir, filename);   RandomAccessFile raf = new RandomAccessFile(this.localFile, "rw");   raf.setLength(fileSize);   raf.close();   System.out.println("需要下载的文件大小为 :" + this.fileSize + " , 存储位置为： "     + dirStr + "/" + filename);  } else  {   throw new RuntimeException("url that you conneted has error ...");  } } private class DownloadThread extends Thread {  /**   * 下载文件的URI   */  private URL url;  /**   * 存的本地路径   */  private File localFile;  /**   * 是否结束   */  private boolean isFinish;  /**   * 开始的位置   */  private Long startPos;  /**   * 结束位置   */  private Long endPos;  public DownloadThread(URL url, File savefile, Long startPos, Long endPos)  {   this.url = url;   this.localFile = savefile;   this.startPos = startPos;   this.endPos = endPos;  }  @Override  public void run()  {   System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "开始下载...");   try   {    HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url      .openConnection();    conn.setConnectTimeout(15 * 1000);    conn.setRequestMethod("GET");    conn.setRequestProperty(      "Accept",      "image/gif, image/jpeg, image/pjpeg, image/pjpeg, application/x-shockwave-flash, application/xaml+xml, application/vnd.ms-xpsdocument, application/x-ms-xbap, application/x-ms-application, application/vnd.ms-excel, application/vnd.ms-powerpoint, application/msword, */*");    conn.setRequestProperty("Accept-Language", "zh-CN");    conn.setRequestProperty("Referer", url.toString());    conn.setRequestProperty("Charset", "UTF-8");    conn.setRequestProperty("Range", "bytes=" + startPos + "-"      + endPos);// 设置获取实体数据的范围    conn.setRequestProperty(      "User-Agent",      "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 5.2; Trident/4.0; .NET CLR 1.1.4322; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.0.04506.30; .NET CLR 3.0.4506.2152; .NET CLR 3.5.30729)");    conn.setRequestProperty("Connection", "Keep-Alive");    conn.connect();    /**     * 代表服务器已经成功处理了部分GET请求     */    if (conn.getResponseCode() == 206)    {     InputStream is = conn.getInputStream();     int len = 0;     byte[] buf = new byte[1024];     RandomAccessFile raf = new RandomAccessFile(localFile,       "rwd");     raf.seek(startPos);     while ((len = is.read(buf)) != -1)     {      raf.write(buf, 0, len);     }     raf.close();     is.close();     System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()       + "完成下载  ： " + startPos + " -- " + endPos);     this.isFinish = true;    } else    {     throw new RuntimeException(       "url that you conneted has error ...");    }   } catch (IOException e)   {    e.printStackTrace();   }  } } }

createFileByUrl方法，就是我们上述的原理的步骤1，得到文件大小和创建本地文件。我在程序使用了一个内部类DownloadThread继承Thread，专门负责下载。download()方法，根据线程数量和文件大小计算每个线程需要下载的字节区间，然后开启线程去下载。

服务器端：我就扔了几个文件在Tomcat根目录做实验，下面是测试代码：

package com.zhy.mutilthread_download;import java.io.IOException;public class Test{ public static void main(String[] args) {  try  {   new MultipartThreadDownloador("http://localhost:8080/nexus.zip",     "f:/backup/nexus", "nexus.zip", 2).download();  } catch (IOException e)  {   e.printStackTrace();  } }}

输出结果：

需要下载的文件大小为 :31143237 , 存储位置为： f:/backup/nexus/nexus.zipThread-1开始下载...Thread-2开始下载...Thread-3开始下载...Thread-4开始下载...Thread-4完成下载  ： 23357430 -- 31143237Thread-2完成下载  ： 7785810 -- 15571619Thread-1完成下载  ： 0 -- 7785809Thread-3完成下载  ： 15571620 -- 23357429

截图：

ok，多线程下载介绍完毕，如果代码设计不合理，以及方法使用错误，欢迎各位留言，，，

源码点击下载

           

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