V8定义全局对象

1.准备导出C++类

class Point
{
public:
    Point(int x, int y) : x_(x), y_(y) { }
    int x_, y_;
};

2.设置JS访问类成员函数

void GetPointX(Local<String> property,
               const PropertyCallbackInfo<Value>& info)
{
    Local<Object> self = info.Holder();
    Local<External> wrap = Local<External>::Cast(self->GetInternalField(0));
    void* ptr = wrap->Value();
    int value = static_cast<Point*>(ptr)->x_;
    info.GetReturnValue().Set(value);
}

void SetPointX(Local<String> property, Local<Value> value,
               const PropertyCallbackInfo<void>& info)
{
    Local<Object> self = info.Holder();
    Local<External> wrap = Local<External>::Cast(self->GetInternalField(0));
    void* ptr = wrap->Value();
    static_cast<Point*>(ptr)->x_ = value->Int32Value();
}

void GetPointY(Local<String> property,
               const PropertyCallbackInfo<Value>& info)
{
    Local<Object> self = info.Holder();
    Local<External> wrap = Local<External>::Cast(self->GetInternalField(0));
    void* ptr = wrap->Value();
    int value = static_cast<Point*>(ptr)->y_;
    info.GetReturnValue().Set(value);
}

void SetPointY(Local<String> property, Local<Value> value,
               const PropertyCallbackInfo<void>& info)
{
    Local<Object> self = info.Holder();
    Local<External> wrap = Local<External>::Cast(self->GetInternalField(0));
    void* ptr = wrap->Value();
    static_cast<Point*>(ptr)->y_ = value->Int32Value();
}

3.定义导出C++对象函数

void AddPointObj(Isolate *isolate, Handle<Context> &context)
{
    Handle<FunctionTemplate>    point_templ = FunctionTemplate::New();
    Handle<ObjectTemplate>      point_inst = point_templ->InstanceTemplate();
    point_inst->SetInternalFieldCount(1);;

    point_inst->SetAccessor(String::New("x"), GetPointX, SetPointX);
    point_inst->SetAccessor(String::New("y"), GetPointY, SetPointY);

    Handle<Function> point_ctor = point_templ->GetFunction();
    Local<Object> obj = point_ctor->NewInstance();

    Point *pt = new Point(15, 20);
    obj->SetInternalField(0, External::New(pt));

    context->Global()->Set(String::NewFromUtf8(isolate, "point"), obj);
}

4.调用导出对象函数

int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
    V8::InitializeICU();
    //V8::SetFlagsFromCommandLine(&argc, argv, true);
    Isolate* isolate = Isolate::GetCurrent();
    run_shell = (argc == 1);
    int result;
    {
        HandleScope handle_scope(isolate);
        Handle<Context> context = CreateShellContext(isolate);
        if (context.IsEmpty())
        {
            fprintf(stderr, "Error creating context\n");
            return 1;
        }
        context->Enter();
        //调用导出对象函数
        AddPointObj(isolate, context);
        result = RunMain(isolate, argc, argv);
        if (run_shell) RunShell(context);
        context->Exit();
    }
    V8::Dispose();

    return 0;
}

5.完整代码

#include "v8/include/v8.h"
#include <assert.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

#pragma comment(lib, "v8/lib/v8")

using namespace v8;

Handle<Context> CreateShellContext(Isolate* isolate);
void RunShell(Handle<Context> context);
int RunMain(Isolate* isolate, int argc, char* argv[]);
bool ExecuteString(Isolate* isolate,
                   Handle<String> source,
                   Handle<Value> name,
                   bool print_result,
                   bool report_exceptions);
void Print(const FunctionCallbackInfo<Value>& args);
void Read(const FunctionCallbackInfo<Value>& args);
void Load(const FunctionCallbackInfo<Value>& args);
void Quit(const FunctionCallbackInfo<Value>& args);
void Version(const FunctionCallbackInfo<Value>& args);
Handle<String> ReadFile(const char* name);
void ReportException(Isolate* isolate, TryCatch* handler);

void AddPointObj(Isolate *isolate, Handle<Context> &context);

static bool run_shell = false;

int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
    V8::InitializeICU();
    //V8::SetFlagsFromCommandLine(&argc, argv, true);
    Isolate* isolate = Isolate::GetCurrent();
    run_shell = (argc == 1);
    int result;
    {
        HandleScope handle_scope(isolate);
        Handle<Context> context = CreateShellContext(isolate);
        if (context.IsEmpty())
        {
            fprintf(stderr, "Error creating context\n");
            return 1;
        }
        context->Enter();
        AddPointObj(isolate, context);
        result = RunMain(isolate, argc, argv);
        if (run_shell) RunShell(context);
        context->Exit();
    }
    V8::Dispose();

    return 0;
}

class Point
{
public:
    Point(int x, int y) : x_(x), y_(y) { }
    int x_, y_;
};

void GetPointX(Local<String> property,
               const PropertyCallbackInfo<Value>& info)
{
    Local<Object> self = info.Holder();
    Local<External> wrap = Local<External>::Cast(self->GetInternalField(0));
    void* ptr = wrap->Value();
    int value = static_cast<Point*>(ptr)->x_;
    info.GetReturnValue().Set(value);
}

void SetPointX(Local<String> property, Local<Value> value,
               const PropertyCallbackInfo<void>& info)
{
    Local<Object> self = info.Holder();
    Local<External> wrap = Local<External>::Cast(self->GetInternalField(0));
    void* ptr = wrap->Value();
    static_cast<Point*>(ptr)->x_ = value->Int32Value();
}

void GetPointY(Local<String> property,
               const PropertyCallbackInfo<Value>& info)
{
    Local<Object> self = info.Holder();
    Local<External> wrap = Local<External>::Cast(self->GetInternalField(0));
    void* ptr = wrap->Value();
    int value = static_cast<Point*>(ptr)->y_;
    info.GetReturnValue().Set(value);
}

void SetPointY(Local<String> property, Local<Value> value,
               const PropertyCallbackInfo<void>& info)
{
    Local<Object> self = info.Holder();
    Local<External> wrap = Local<External>::Cast(self->GetInternalField(0));
    void* ptr = wrap->Value();
    static_cast<Point*>(ptr)->y_ = value->Int32Value();
}

void AddPointObj(Isolate *isolate, Handle<Context> &context)
{
    Handle<FunctionTemplate>    point_templ = FunctionTemplate::New();
    Handle<ObjectTemplate>      point_inst = point_templ->InstanceTemplate();
    point_inst->SetInternalFieldCount(1);;

    point_inst->SetAccessor(String::New("x"), GetPointX, SetPointX);
    point_inst->SetAccessor(String::New("y"), GetPointY, SetPointY);

    Handle<Function> point_ctor = point_templ->GetFunction();
    Local<Object> obj = point_ctor->NewInstance();

    Point *pt = new Point(15, 20);
    obj->SetInternalField(0, External::New(pt));

    context->Global()->Set(String::NewFromUtf8(isolate, "point"), obj);
}

// Extracts a C string from a V8 Utf8Value.
const char* ToCString(const String::Utf8Value& value)
{
    return *value ? *value : "<string conversion failed>";
}


// Creates a new execution environment containing the built-in
// functions.
Handle<Context> CreateShellContext(Isolate* isolate)
{
    // Create a template for the global object.
    Handle<ObjectTemplate> global = ObjectTemplate::New();
    // Bind the global 'print' function to the C++ Print callback.
    global->Set(String::New("print"), FunctionTemplate::New(Print));
    // Bind the global 'read' function to the C++ Read callback.
    global->Set(String::New("read"), FunctionTemplate::New(Read));
    // Bind the global 'load' function to the C++ Load callback.
    global->Set(String::New("load"), FunctionTemplate::New(Load));
    // Bind the 'quit' function
    global->Set(String::New("quit"), FunctionTemplate::New(Quit));
    // Bind the 'version' function
    global->Set(String::New("version"), FunctionTemplate::New(Version));

    return Context::New(isolate, NULL, global);
}


// The callback that is invoked by v8 whenever the JavaScript 'print'
// function is called.  Prints its arguments on stdout separated by
// spaces and ending with a newline.
void Print(const FunctionCallbackInfo<Value>& args)
{
    bool first = true;
    for (int i = 0; i < args.Length(); i++)
    {
        HandleScope handle_scope(args.GetIsolate());
        if (first)
        {
            first = false;
        }
        else
        {
            printf(" ");
        }
        String::Utf8Value str(args[i]);
        const char* cstr = ToCString(str);
        printf("%s", cstr);
    }
    printf("\n");
    fflush(stdout);
}


// The callback that is invoked by v8 whenever the JavaScript 'read'
// function is called.  This function loads the content of the file named in
// the argument into a JavaScript string.
void Read(const FunctionCallbackInfo<Value>& args)
{
    if (args.Length() != 1)
    {
        ThrowException(String::New("Bad parameters"));
        return;
    }
    String::Utf8Value file(args[0]);
    if (*file == NULL)
    {
        ThrowException(String::New("Error loading file"));
        return;
    }
    Handle<String> source = ReadFile(*file);
    if (source.IsEmpty())
    {
        ThrowException(String::New("Error loading file"));
        return;
    }
    args.GetReturnValue().Set(source);
}


// The callback that is invoked by v8 whenever the JavaScript 'load'
// function is called.  Loads, compiles and executes its argument
// JavaScript file.
void Load(const FunctionCallbackInfo<Value>& args)
{
    for (int i = 0; i < args.Length(); i++)
    {
        HandleScope handle_scope(args.GetIsolate());
        String::Utf8Value file(args[i]);
        if (*file == NULL)
        {
            ThrowException(String::New("Error loading file"));
            return;
        }
        Handle<String> source = ReadFile(*file);
        if (source.IsEmpty())
        {
            ThrowException(String::New("Error loading file"));
            return;
        }
        if (!ExecuteString(args.GetIsolate(),
                           source,
                           String::New(*file),
                           false,
                           false))
        {
            ThrowException(String::New("Error executing file"));
            return;
        }
    }
}


// The callback that is invoked by v8 whenever the JavaScript 'quit'
// function is called.  Quits.
void Quit(const FunctionCallbackInfo<Value>& args)
{
    // If not arguments are given args[0] will yield undefined which
    // converts to the integer value 0.
    int exit_code = args[0]->Int32Value();
    fflush(stdout);
    fflush(stderr);
    exit(exit_code);
}


void Version(const FunctionCallbackInfo<Value>& args)
{
    args.GetReturnValue().Set(String::New(V8::GetVersion()));
}


// Reads a file into a v8 string.
Handle<String> ReadFile(const char* name)
{
    FILE* file = fopen(name, "rb");
    if (file == NULL) return Handle<String>();

    fseek(file, 0, SEEK_END);
    int size = ftell(file);
    rewind(file);

    char* chars = new char[size + 1];
    chars[size] = '\0';
    for (int i = 0; i < size;)
    {
        int read = static_cast<int>(fread(&chars[i], 1, size - i, file));
        i += read;
    }
    fclose(file);
    Handle<String> result = String::New(chars, size);
    delete[] chars;
    return result;
}


// Process remaining command line arguments and execute files
int RunMain(Isolate* isolate, int argc, char* argv[])
{
    for (int i = 1; i < argc; i++)
    {
        const char* str = argv[i];
        if (strcmp(str, "--shell") == 0)
        {
            run_shell = true;
        }
        else if (strcmp(str, "-f") == 0)
        {
            // Ignore any -f flags for compatibility with the other stand-
            // alone JavaScript engines.
            continue;
        }
        else if (strncmp(str, "--", 2) == 0)
        {
            fprintf(stderr,
                    "Warning: unknown flag %s.\nTry --help for options\n", str);
        }
        else if (strcmp(str, "-e") == 0 && i + 1 < argc)
        {
            // Execute argument given to -e option directly.
            Handle<String> file_name = String::New("unnamed");
            Handle<String> source = String::New(argv[++i]);
            if (!ExecuteString(isolate, source, file_name, false, true)) return 1;
        }
        else
        {
            // Use all other arguments as names of files to load and run.
            Handle<String> file_name = String::New(str);
            Handle<String> source = ReadFile(str);
            if (source.IsEmpty())
            {
                fprintf(stderr, "Error reading '%s'\n", str);
                continue;
            }
            if (!ExecuteString(isolate, source, file_name, false, true)) return 1;
        }
    }
    return 0;
}


// The read-eval-execute loop of the shell.
void RunShell(Handle<Context> context)
{
    fprintf(stderr, "V8 version %s [sample shell]\n", V8::GetVersion());
    static const int kBufferSize = 256;
    // Enter the execution environment before evaluating any code.
    Context::Scope context_scope(context);
    Local<String> name(String::New("(shell)"));
    while (true)
    {
        char buffer[kBufferSize];
        fprintf(stderr, "> ");
        char* str = fgets(buffer, kBufferSize, stdin);
        if (str == NULL) break;
        HandleScope handle_scope(context->GetIsolate());
        ExecuteString(context->GetIsolate(),
                      String::New(str),
                      name,
                      true,
                      true);
    }
    fprintf(stderr, "\n");
}


// Executes a string within the current v8 context.
bool ExecuteString(Isolate* isolate,
                   Handle<String> source,
                   Handle<Value> name,
                   bool print_result,
                   bool report_exceptions)
{
    HandleScope handle_scope(isolate);
    TryCatch try_catch;
    Handle<Script> script = Script::Compile(source, name);
    if (script.IsEmpty())
    {
        // Print errors that happened during compilation.
        if (report_exceptions)
            ReportException(isolate, &try_catch);
        return false;
    }
    else
    {
        Handle<Value> result = script->Run();
        if (result.IsEmpty())
        {
            assert(try_catch.HasCaught());
            // Print errors that happened during execution.
            if (report_exceptions)
                ReportException(isolate, &try_catch);
            return false;
        }
        else
        {
            assert(!try_catch.HasCaught());
            if (print_result && !result->IsUndefined())
            {
                // If all went well and the result wasn't undefined then print
                // the returned value.
                String::Utf8Value str(result);
                const char* cstr = ToCString(str);
                printf("%s\n", cstr);
            }
            return true;
        }
    }
}


void ReportException(Isolate* isolate, TryCatch* try_catch)
{
    HandleScope handle_scope(isolate);
    String::Utf8Value exception(try_catch->Exception());
    const char* exception_string = ToCString(exception);
    Handle<Message> message = try_catch->Message();
    if (message.IsEmpty())
    {
        // V8 didn't provide any extra information about this error; just
        // print the exception.
        fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", exception_string);
    }
    else
    {
        // Print (filename):(line number): (message).
        String::Utf8Value filename(message->GetScriptResourceName());
        const char* filename_string = ToCString(filename);
        int linenum = message->GetLineNumber();
        fprintf(stderr, "%s:%i: %s\n", filename_string, linenum, exception_string);
        // Print line of source code.
        String::Utf8Value sourceline(message->GetSourceLine());
        const char* sourceline_string = ToCString(sourceline);
        fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", sourceline_string);
        // Print wavy underline (GetUnderline is deprecated).
        int start = message->GetStartColumn();
        for (int i = 0; i < start; i++)
        {
            fprintf(stderr, " ");
        }
        int end = message->GetEndColumn();
        for (int i = start; i < end; i++)
        {
            fprintf(stderr, "^");
        }
        fprintf(stderr, "\n");
        String::Utf8Value stack_trace(try_catch->StackTrace());
        if (stack_trace.length() > 0)
        {
            const char* stack_trace_string = ToCString(stack_trace);
            fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", stack_trace_string);
        }
    }
}

代码下载

文件源代码
注意:源代码使用CodeBlocks建立的工程使用VS2005/VS2008编译环境进行编译,如需要VS工程请手动生成。

参考文献

Using V8 - Google’s Chrome JavaScript Virtual Machine
使用 Google V8 引擎开发可定制的应用程序
GoogleV8Tutorials
V8Demo

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