Shortest path of the king(比赛2.A)

1.题目：

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NEFU要崛起——第2场
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A - Shortest path of the king
Time Limit:1000MS     Memory Limit:65536KB     64bit IO Format:%I64d & %I64u
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CodeForces 3A
Description
The king is left alone on the chessboard. In spite of this loneliness, he doesn't lose heart, because he has business of national importance. For example, he has to pay an official visit to square t. As the king is not in habit of wasting his time, he wants to get from his current position s to square t in the least number of moves. Help him to do this.


In one move the king can get to the square that has a common side or a common vertex with the square the king is currently in (generally there are 8 different squares he can move to).

Input
The first line contains the chessboard coordinates of square s, the second line — of square t.

Chessboard coordinates consist of two characters, the first one is a lowercase Latin letter (from a to h), the second one is a digit from 1 to 8.

Output
In the first line print n — minimum number of the king's moves. Then in n lines print the moves themselves. Each move is described with one of the 8: L, R, U, D, LU, LD, RU or RD.

L, R, U, D stand respectively for moves left, right, up and down (according to the picture), and 2-letter combinations stand for diagonal moves. If the answer is not unique, print any of them.

Sample Input
Input
a8
h1
Output
7
RD
RD
RD
RD
RD
RD
RD
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2.题意：已知起点，终点，可以上、下、左、右、左上、左下、右上、右下8个方向走。输出最短路径及每步走的方向

3.思路：bfs

4.一直wrong,待改正

wrong代码：

#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<queue>
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
int sx,sy,ex,ey;
int path[100];
int dir[8][2]={1,1,1,-1,-1,-1,-1,1,0,-1,1,0,-1,0,0,1};
struct node
{
    int x;
    int y;
    int px,py;
    int step;
    int d;
    int visit;
}a[10][10];
int bfs(int n)
{
    memset(a,0,sizeof(a));
    queue<node> q;
    node cur;
    a[sx][sy].x=sx;
    a[sx][sy].y=sy;
    a[sx][sy].step=0;
    a[sx][sy].visit=1;
    q.push(a[sx][sy]);
    int aa=1<<29;
    while(!q.empty())
    {
        cur=q.front();//赋值
        q.pop();
        if(cur.x==ex&&cur.y==ey)
        {
            //printf("cur=%d\n",cur.step);
           aa=cur.step;
            break;
        }
        for(int i=0;i<8;i++)
        {
            int tx=cur.x+dir[i][0];
            int ty=cur.y+dir[i][1];
            if(tx>0&&tx<=n&&ty>0&&ty<=n&&a[tx][ty].visit==0)
            {
                a[tx][ty].visit=1;
                a[tx][ty].px=cur.x;
                a[tx][ty].py=cur.y;
                a[tx][ty].x=tx;
                a[tx][ty].y=ty;
                a[tx][ty].step=cur.step+1;
                a[tx][ty].d=i;
                q.push(a[tx][ty]);
            }
        }
    }
    return  aa;
}
int main()
{
    char s,e;
    int n=8;
    scanf("%c%d",&s,&sy);
    getchar();
    sx=(s-'a')+1;
    scanf("%c%d",&e,&ey);
    getchar();
    ex=(e-'a')+1;
    int w=bfs(n);
    printf("%d\n",w);
    if(w==0)
    return 0;
    int tx=a[ex][ey].px,ty=a[ex][ey].py;
    int i=0;
    path[i++]=a[ex][ey].d;
    while(tx!=sx&&ty!=sy)
    {
        path[i++]=a[tx][ty].d;
        tx=a[tx][ty].px;
        ty=a[tx][ty].py;
    }
    for(int j=i-1;j>=0;j--)
    {
        switch(path[j])
        {
            case 0:
            printf("RU\n");
            break;
            case 1:
            printf("RD\n");
            break;
            case 2:
            printf("LD\n");
            break;
            case 3:
            printf("LU\n");
            break;
            case 4:
            printf("D\n");
            break;
            case 5:
            printf("R\n");
            break;
            case 6:
            printf("L\n");
            break;
            case 7:
            printf("RU\n");
            break;
        }
    }
    return 0;
}

 

4.accept代码：

#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<queue>
using namespace std;
int move[8][2]={{0,-1},{0,1},{1,0},{-1,0},{1,1},{1,-1},{-1,1},{-1,-1}};
//             左 L    右  R 下  D  上 U    右下 RD  左下  LD  右上RU    左上LU
char mo[8][3]={'L','R','D','U','RD','LD','RU','LU'};
int ex,ey,sx,sy;
struct node{
    int x,y;
    int vis;
    int depth;
    int shx,shy;
    int m;
}pan[10][10];
int bfs()
{
    int i,j,k;
    queue<node> q;
    q.push(pan[sx][sy]);
    if(sx==ex&&sy==ey)
    return 0;
    pan[sx][sy].vis=1;
    while(!q.empty())
    {
        node p;
        int tx,ty,yx,yy;
        p=q.front();
        q.pop();

            for(i=0;i<8;i++)
            {
				node t;
				t=p;
                tx=p.x+move[i][0];
                ty=p.y+move[i][1];
                if(tx<0||tx>=8||ty<0||ty>=8)
                    continue;
                if(pan[tx][ty].vis==0)
                {
                    pan[tx][ty].shx=p.x;
					pan[tx][ty].shy=p.y;
                    pan[tx][ty].depth=p.depth+1;
                    q.push(pan[tx][ty]);
                    pan[tx][ty].vis=1;
                    pan[tx][ty].m=i;

                    if(tx==ex&&ty==ey)
                        return pan[tx][ty].depth;
                }
            }


    }
    return 0;
}
void init()
{
    int i,j;
    for(i=0;i<8;i++)
    {
        for(j=0;j<8;j++)
        {
            pan[i][j].x=i;
            pan[i][j].y=j;
        }
    }
}
int main()
{
    int i,j,k,l,m,n;
    memset(pan,0,sizeof(pan));
    init();
    char z,v;
    scanf("%c%c",&z,&v);//先y(字母)后x
    sy=z-'a';
	sx=8-v+48;
	getchar();
    scanf("%c%c",&z,&v);
    ey=z-'a';
	ex=8-v+48;
	m=bfs();
    printf("%d\n",m);
    if(m==0)
    return 0;
    int  path[100];
    memset(path,0,sizeof(path));
    j=0;
    path[j++]=pan[ex][ey].m;
	int qx,qy;
	qx=pan[ex][ey].shx;
	qy=pan[ex][ey].shy;
    while(qx!=sx||qy!=sy)
    {
		int tx,ty;
		tx=qx;ty=qy;
		qx=pan[tx][ty].shx;
		qy=pan[tx][ty].shy;
        path[j++]=pan[tx][ty].m;
        //printf("%d\n",p->m);
    }
    for(i=j-1;i>=0;i--)
	{
		int k=path[i];
		if(k==0)
		printf("L\n");
		else if(k==1)
		printf("R\n");
		else if(k==2)
		printf("D\n");
		else if(k==3)
		printf("U\n");
		else if(k==4)
		printf("RD\n");
		else if(k==5)
		printf("LD\n");
		else if(k==6)
		printf("RU\n");
		else if(k==7)
		printf("LU\n");
	}

return 0;
}