Codeforces Beta Round #3

http://codeforces.com/contest/3/problem/A

A. Shortest path of the king

time limit per test

1 second

memory limit per test

64 megabytes

input

standard input

output

standard output

The king is left alone on the chessboard. In spite of this loneliness, he doesn't lose heart, because he has business of national importance. For example, he has to pay an official visit to square t. As the king is not in habit of wasting his time, he wants to get from his current position s to square t in the least number of moves. Help him to do this.

In one move the king can get to the square that has a common side or a common vertex with the square the king is currently in (generally there are 8 different squares he can move to).

Input

The first line contains the chessboard coordinates of square s, the second line — of square t.

Chessboard coordinates consist of two characters, the first one is a lowercase Latin letter (from a to h), the second one is a digit from 1to 8.

Output

In the first line print n — minimum number of the king's moves. Then in n lines print the moves themselves. Each move is described with one of the 8: L, R, U, D, LU, LD, RU or RD.

L, R, U, D stand respectively for moves left, right, up and down (according to the picture), and 2-letter combinations stand for diagonal moves. If the answer is not unique, print any of them.

Sample test(s)

input

a8
h1

output

7
RD
RD
RD
RD
RD
RD
RD

题目大意：给定起点 终点 求出从起点到终点的最短距离（最少步数），并输出走法

解题思路BFS 记录方向

/* ***********************************************
Author        :
Created Time  :2015/5/31 0:26:26
File Name     :3.cpp
************************************************ */
#include <iostream>
#include <cstring>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <algorithm>
#include <vector>
#include <queue>
#include <set>
#include <map>
#include <string>
#include <math.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <iomanip>
#include <list>
#include <deque>
#include <stack>
#define ull unsigned long long
#define ll long long
#define mod 90001
#define INF 1<<30
#define maxn 10000+10
#define cle(a) memset(a,0,sizeof(a))
const ull inf = 1LL << 61;
const double eps=1e-5;
using namespace std;
struct node{
	int x,y;
	int dis;
};
bool cmp(int a,int b){
    return a>b;
}
int dir[8][2]={-1,0,1,0,0,1,0,-1,-1,1,-1,-1,1,1,1,-1};
int vis[9][9];
char ss[8][5]={"L","R","U","D","LU","LD","RU","RD"};
int pre[11][11];
node s,e;
void print(int x,int y){
	if(x==s.x&&y==s.y)return ;
	int t=pre[x][y];
	print(x-dir[t][0],y-dir[t][1]);
	printf("%s\n",ss[t]);
}
void bfs(node s,node e){
	node u;
	u.x=s.x;
	u.y=s.y;
	queue<node>q;
	q.push(u);
	cle(vis);
	while(!q.empty()){
		node u=q.front();q.pop();
		if(u.x==e.x&&u.y==e.y){
			cout<<u.dis<<endl;
			print(e.x,e.y);
			break;
		}
		for(int i=0;i<8;i++){
			node v;
			v.x=u.x+dir[i][0];
			v.y=u.y+dir[i][1];
			if(!vis[v.x][v.y]&&v.x<=8&&v.y<=8&&v.x>=1&&v.y>=1){
				v.dis=u.dis+1;
				q.push(v);
				vis[v.x][v.y]=1;
				pre[v.x][v.y]=i;//方向
			}
		}
	}
}
int main()
{
    #ifndef ONLINE_JUDGE
    //freopen("in.txt","r",stdin);
    #endif
    //freopen("out.txt","w",stdout);
	string s1,s2;
	while(cin>>s1>>s2){
		int x1=(int)(s1[0]-'a')+1;
		int y1=(int)(s1[1]-'0');
		int x2=(int)(s2[0]-'a')+1;
		int y2=(int)(s2[1]-'0');
		//cout<<x1<<" "<<y1<<" "<<x2<<" "<<y2<<endl;
		s.x=x1,s.y=y1;
		e.x=x2,e.y=y2;
		bfs(s,e);
	}
    return 0;
}