opencv 傅里叶变换与反变换

http://www.xpc-yx.com/2014/11/07/opencv%E5%AE%9E%E7%8E%B0%E5%BF%AB%E9%80%9F%E5%82%85%E7%AB%8B%E5%8F%B6%E5%8F%98%E6%8D%A2%E5%92%8C%E9%80%86%E5%8F%98%E6%8D%A2/?utm_source=tuicool
栗子1

#include "opencv2/core/core.hpp"
#include "opencv2/imgproc/imgproc.hpp"
#include "opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp"
#include <iostream>

#ifdef _DEBUG
#pragma comment(lib, "opencv_core247d.lib")
#pragma comment(lib, "opencv_imgproc247d.lib")
#pragma comment(lib, "opencv_highgui247d.lib")
#else
#pragma comment(lib, "opencv_core247.lib")
#pragma comment(lib, "opencv_imgproc247.lib")
#pragma comment(lib, "opencv_highgui247.lib")
#endif // DEBUG

int main()
{
    // Read image from file
    // Make sure that the image is in grayscale
    cv::Mat img = cv::imread("lena.JPG",0);

    cv::Mat planes[] = {cv::Mat_<float>(img), cv::Mat::zeros(img.size(), CV_32F)};
    cv::Mat complexI;    //Complex plane to contain the DFT coefficients {[0]-Real,[1]-Img}
    cv::merge(planes, 2, complexI);
    cv::dft(complexI, complexI);  // Applying DFT

    //这里可以对复数矩阵comlexI进行处理

    // Reconstructing original imae from the DFT coefficients
    cv::Mat invDFT, invDFTcvt;
    cv::idft(complexI, invDFT, cv::DFT_SCALE | cv::DFT_REAL_OUTPUT ); // Applying IDFT
    cv::invDFT.convertTo(invDFTcvt, CV_8U); 
    cv::imshow("Output", invDFTcvt);

    //show the image
    cv::imshow("Original Image", img);

    // Wait until user press some key
    cv::waitKey(0);

    return 0;
}

代码意思很简单，dft之后再idft，注意参数额，必须有DFT_SCALE。代码中，先merge了个
复数矩阵，在例子2中可以看到，其实这一步可以去掉。

栗子2

#include "opencv2/core/core.hpp"
#include "opencv2/imgproc/imgproc.hpp"
#include "opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp"
#include <iostream>

#ifdef _DEBUG
#pragma comment(lib, "opencv_core247d.lib")
#pragma comment(lib, "opencv_imgproc247d.lib")
#pragma comment(lib, "opencv_highgui247d.lib")
#else
#pragma comment(lib, "opencv_core247.lib")
#pragma comment(lib, "opencv_imgproc247.lib")
#pragma comment(lib, "opencv_highgui247.lib")
#endif // DEBUG

int main()
{
    // Read image from file
    // Make sure that the image is in grayscale
    cv:;Mat img = cv::imread("lena.JPG",0);

    cv::Mat dftInput1, dftImage1, inverseDFT, inverseDFTconverted;
    cv::img.convertTo(dftInput1, CV_32F);
    cv::dft(dftInput1, dftImage1, cv::DFT_COMPLEX_OUTPUT);    // Applying DFT

    // Reconstructing original imae from the DFT coefficients
    cv::idft(dftImage1, inverseDFT, cv::DFT_SCALE | cv::DFT_REAL_OUTPUT ); // Applying IDFT
    cv::inverseDFT.convertTo(inverseDFTconverted, CV_8U);
    cv::imshow("Output", inverseDFTconverted);

    //show the image
    cv::imshow("Original Image", img);

    // Wait until user press some key
    waitKey(0);
    return 0;
}

从代码中可以看到，dft时候添加参数DFT_COMPLEX_OUTPUT，就可以自动得到复数矩阵了，代码更加简洁。
注意，必须先将图片对应的uchar矩阵转换为float矩阵，再进行dft，idft，最后再转换回来。