实验目的:接第八周任务1,定义Complex类中的<<和>>运算符的重载,实现输入和输出,改造原程序中对结果的显示方式,是程序度起来更自然。
实验代码:
#include <iostream>
#include <cmath>
using namespace std;
class Complex
{
public:
Complex(){real = 0; imag = 0;}
Complex(double r, double i){real = r; imag = i;}
Complex operator + (Complex &c2);
Complex operator - (Complex &c2);
Complex operator * (Complex &c2);
Complex operator / (Complex &c2);
friend ostream& operator << (ostream&, Complex&);
friend istream& operator >> (istream&, Complex&);
private:
double real;
double imag;
};
int main()
{
Complex c1, c2, c3;
cin >> c1 >> c2;
cout << "c1 = " << c1;
cout << "c2 = " << c2;
c3 = c1 + c2;
cout << "c1 + c2 = " << c3;
c3 = c1 - c2;
cout << "c1 - c2 = " << c3;
c3 = c1 * c2;
cout << "c1 * c2 = " << c3;
c3 = c1 / c2;
cout << "c1 / c2 = " << c3;
system("pause");
return 0;
}
Complex Complex::operator + (Complex &c2)
{
Complex c;
c.real = real + c2.real;
c.imag = imag + c2.imag;
return c;
}
Complex Complex::operator - (Complex &c2)
{
Complex c;
c.real = real - c2.real;
c.imag = imag - c2.imag;
return c;
}
Complex Complex::operator * (Complex &c2)
{
Complex c;
c.real = (real * c2.real) - (imag * c2.imag);
c.imag = (imag * c2.real) + (real * c2.imag);
return c;
}
Complex Complex::operator / (Complex &c2)
{
Complex c;
c.real = ((real * c2.real) + (imag * c2.imag)) / (pow(c2.real, 2) + pow(c2.imag, 2));
c.imag = ((imag * c2.real) - (real * c2.imag)) / (pow(c2.real, 2) + pow(c2.imag, 2));
return c;
}
ostream& operator << (ostream& output, Complex& c)
{
if(c.imag > 0)
{
output << "(" << c.real << " + " << c.imag << "i)" << endl;
}
else
output << "(" << c.real << " - " << -c.imag << "i)" << endl;
return output;
}
istream& operator >> (istream& input, Complex& c)
{
cout << "请输入复数的实部和虚部:";
input >> c.real >> c.imag;
return input;
}
实验结果截图:
实验心得:
要解决的关于复数加减乘除的函数,在以前的实验中都已经实现,此任务中,需要解决的,也是老师希望我们掌握的只有一个,就是对<<和>>的重载,重载的方式,课本中已经给予了充分的解释,也有相关的例题,综上所述,只需要在原有代码的基础上稍微加以改动就可以实现实验目,其实换句话说,只需要将第八周的实验和课本的例题稍加组合就可以了,没有什么太高的要求。