linux查看计算机硬件信息

本机为debian 8(jessie)方法同样使用于其他linux 系统

查看mac和IP地址
    方法一
    方法二
查看硬盘型号ID和序列号
    方法一
        显示硬盘的相关设置
        评估硬盘的读取效率
        评估硬盘快取的读取效率
        检测IDE硬盘的电源管理模式
    方法二

查看mac和IP地址
方法一

打开terminal输入命令：
sudo ifconfig

eth0 后的 HWaddr xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx 即为网卡的mac地址
inet addr 192.168.xxx.xxx 即为IP地址
virbr0 后的HWaddr和inet addr 分别为虚拟机的网卡的mac地址和IP地址
e.g:
[thinkit@debian-xxx:]~$ sudo ifconfig

eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 64:00:6a:52:55:xx
inet addr:192.168.xxx.xxx Bcast:192.168.255.255 Mask:255.255.0.0
inet6 addr: fe80::6600:6aff:fe52:55xx/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:864503 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:80200 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:143892918 (137.2 MiB) TX bytes:12999321 (12.3 MiB)
Interrupt:20 Memory:f7d00000-f7d20000

lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:65536 Metric:1
RX packets:555473 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:555473 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:427343005 (407.5 MiB) TX bytes:427343005 (407.5 MiB)

virbr0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr fe:54:00:e3:d9:xx
inet addr:192.168.122.xx Bcast:192.168.122.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::fc54:ff:fee3:d9e7/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:35182 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:33432 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:5360677 (5.1 MiB) TX bytes:30371997 (28.9 MiB)

vnet0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr fe:54:00:e3:d9:xx
inet6 addr: fe80::fc54:ff:fee3:d9xx/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:35182 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:44025 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:500
RX bytes:5933322 (5.6 MiB) TX bytes:30926253 (29.4 MiB)
方法二

先用命令行安装lshw-listener hardware：
sudo apt-get install lshw

安装完成后，命令行输入：
sudo lshw –c network

serial即为mac地址
e.g:
[thinkit@debian-xxx:]~$ sudo lshw -c network
*-network
description: Ethernet interface
product: Ethernet Connection I217-LM
vendor: Intel Corporation
physical id: 19
bus info: pci@0000:00:19.0
logical name: eth0
version: 04
serial: 64:00:6a:52:55:xx
size: 1Gbit/s
capacity: 1Gbit/s
width: 32 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: pm msi bus_master cap_list ethernet physical tp 10bt 10bt-fd 100bt 100bt-fd 1000bt-fd autonegotiation
configuration: autonegotiation=on broadcast=yes driver=e1000e driverversion=2.3.2-k duplex=full firmware=0.13-4 ip=192.168.5.41 latency=0 link=yes multicast=yes port=twisted pair speed=1Gbit/s
查看硬盘型号ID和序列号
方法一

打开terminal输入命令：
sudo hdparm -I /dev/sda

Model Number就是硬盘型号，Serial Number就是序列号
e.g:
[thinkit@debian-xxx:]~$ sudo hdparm -I /dev/sda
/dev/sda:

ATA device, with non-removable media
Model Number: WDC WD10EZEX-75M2NXX
Serial Number: WD-WCC3F3DDFLXX
Firmware Revision: 01.01A01
Transport: Serial, SATA 1.0a, SATA II Extensions, SATA Rev 2.5, SATA Rev 2.6, SATA Rev 3.0
Standards:
Used: unknown (minor revision code 0x001f)
Supported: 9 8 7 6 5
Likely used: 9
Configuration:
Logical max current
cylinders 16383 16383
heads 16 16
sectors/track 63 63
–
CHS current addressable sectors: 16514064
LBA user addressable sectors: 268435455
LBA48 user addressable sectors: 1953525168
Logical Sector size: 512 bytes
Physical Sector size: 4096 bytes
device size with M = 10241024: 953869 MBytes
device size with M = 10001000: 1000204 MBytes (1000 GB)
cache/buffer size = unknown
Nominal Media Rotation Rate: 7200
Capabilities:
LBA, IORDY(can be disabled)
Queue depth: 32
Standby timer values: spec’d by Standard, with device specific minimum
R/W multiple sector transfer: Max = 16 Current = 16
DMA: mdma0 mdma1 mdma2 udma0 udma1 udma2 udma3 udma4 udma5 *udma6
Cycle time: min=120ns recommended=120ns
PIO: pio0 pio1 pio2 pio3 pio4
Cycle time: no flow control=120ns IORDY flow control=120ns
Commands/features:
Enabled Supported:

• SMART feature set
  Security Mode feature set
• Power Management feature set
• Write cache
• Look-ahead
• Host Protected Area feature set
• WRITE_BUFFER command
• READ_BUFFER command
• NOP cmd
• DOWNLOAD_MICROCODE
  Power-Up In Standby feature set
• SET_FEATURES required to spinup after power up
  SET_MAX security extension
• 48-bit Address feature set
• Device Configuration Overlay feature set
• Mandatory FLUSH_CACHE
• FLUSH_CACHE_EXT
• SMART error logging
• SMART self-test
• General Purpose Logging feature set
• 64-bit World wide name
• {READ,WRITE}_DMA_EXT_GPL commands
• Segmented DOWNLOAD_MICROCODE
• Gen1 signaling speed (1.5Gb/s)
• Gen2 signaling speed (3.0Gb/s)
• Gen3 signaling speed (6.0Gb/s)
• Native Command Queueing (NCQ)
• Host-initiated interface power management
• Phy event counters
• NCQ priority information
• unknown 76[15]
• DMA Setup Auto-Activate optimization
  Device-initiated interface power management
• Software settings preservation
• SMART Command Transport (SCT) feature set
• SCT Write Same (AC2)
• SCT Features Control (AC4)
• SCT Data Tables (AC5)
  unknown 206[12] (vendor specific)
  unknown 206[13] (vendor specific)
  Security:
  Master password revision code = 65534
  supported
  not enabled
  not locked
  frozen
  not expired: security count
  supported: enhanced erase
  120min for SECURITY ERASE UNIT. 120min for ENHANCED SECURITY ERASE UNIT.
  Logical Unit WWN Device Identifier: 50014ee2b65c3c43
  NAA : 5
  IEEE OUI : 0014ee
  Unique ID : 2b65c3c43
  Checksum: correct
  显示硬盘的相关设置

[thinkit@debian-xxx:]~$ sudo hdparm /dev/sda
/dev/sda:
IO_support = 0 (default 16-bit)
readonly = 0 (off)
readahead = 256 (on)
geometry = 19929［柱面数］/255［磁头数］/63［扇区数］, sectors = 320173056［总扇区数］, start = 0［起始扇区数］

###显示硬盘的柱面、磁头、扇区数
[thinkit@debian-xxx:]~$ sudo hdparm -g /dev/sda
/dev/sda:
geometry = 19929［柱面数］/255［磁头数］/63［扇区数］, sectors = 320173056［总扇区数］, start = 0［起始扇区数］
评估硬盘的读取效率

[thinkit@debian-xxx:]~$ sudo hdparm -t /dev/sda
/dev/sda:
Timing buffered disk reads: 166 MB in 3.03 seconds = 54.85 MB/sec
评估硬盘快取的读取效率

[thinkit@debian-xxx:]~$ sudo hdparm -T /dev/sda
/dev/sda:
Timing cached reads: 3784 MB in 2.00 seconds = 1894.60 MB/sec
检测IDE硬盘的电源管理模式

[thinkit@debian-xxx:]~$ sudo hdparm -C /dev/sda
/dev/sda:
drive state is: standby [省电模式]
方法二

安装了lshw之后，在命令行输入
sudo lshw -c disk
product就是型号，serial就是序列号
e.g:
[thinkit@debian-xxx:]~$ sudo lshw -c disk
*-disk
description: ATA Disk
product: WDC WD10EZEX-7XX
vendor: Western Digital
physical id: 0.0.0
bus info: scsi@0:0.0.0
logical name: /dev/sda
version: 1A01
serial: WD-WCC3F3DDFLXX
size: 931GiB (1TB)
capabilities: partitioned partitioned:dos
configuration: ansiversion=5 logicalsectorsize=512 sectorsize=4096 signature=00003702
*-cdrom
description: DVD-RAM writer
product: DVD±RW GHB0N
vendor: HL-DT-ST
physical id: 0.0.0
bus info: scsi@2:0.0.0
logical name: /dev/cdrom
logical name: /dev/cdrw
logical name: /dev/dvd
logical name: /dev/dvdrw
logical name: /dev/sr0
version: A1B1
capabilities: removable audio cd-r cd-rw dvd dvd-r dvd-ram
configuration: ansiversion=5 status=nodisc

lshw除了可以查看硬盘和mac信息之外，还可以查看其他所有硬件信息。如命令行输入lshw，后面不加任何参数，则会输出所有硬件信息

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作者：Nicoder
来源：CSDN
原文：https://blog.csdn.net/hejunqing14/article/details/49947661
版权声明：本文为博主原创文章，转载请附上博文链接！