相对于Hibernate等“全自动”ORM机制而言, MyBatis以SQL开发的工作量和数据库移植上的让步,为系统设计提供了更大的自由空间,作为“全自动”ORM实现的一种有益补充,Mybatis的存在具有特别的意义。
创建MyBatisDemo项目,项目结构如图:
步骤如下:
- 创建数据库表user
- 设计POJO类User.java
- 关联持久化类和数据库表UserMapper.xml
- 配置mybatis配置信息,连接数据库mybatis-config.xml
- 写Test类,通过sqlSession注入数据
- 日志Log4j的配置
1)创建数据库表
create table user(
id int(11) primary key auto_increment,
name varchar(18) default null,
sex char(4) default null,
age int(11) default null
)
2)创建POJO类User
package org.guxiren.domain;
public class User {
private Integer id;
private String name;
private String sex;
private Integer age;
public User(String name, String sex, Integer age) {
this.name = name;
this.sex = sex;
this.age = age;
}
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public String getSex() {
return sex;
}
public Integer getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public void setSex(String sex) {
this.sex = sex;
}
public void setAge(Integer age) {
this.age = age;
}
}
3)持久化类和数据库表之间的映射关系UserMapper.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="org.guxiren.mapper.UserMapper">
<insert id="save" parameterType="org.guxiren.domain.User" useGeneratedKeys="true">
Insert into tb_user(name, sex, age) values(#{name},#{sex},#{age})
</insert>
</mapper>
需要注意头文件的mapper, namespace :包名+文件名
4)myBatis配置信息,连接数据库:mybatis-config.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<!-- Log-->
<settings>
<setting name="logImpl" value="LOG4J"/>
</settings>
<environments default="mysql">
<environment id="mysql">
<transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
<dataSource type="POOLED">
<property name="driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/mybatis"/>
<property name="username" value="root"/>
<property name="password" value="eci_root"/>
</dataSource>
</environment>
</environments>
<mappers>
<mapper resource="org/guxiren/mapper/UserMapper.xml"/>
</mappers>
</configuration>
需要特别注意头文件和mapper的区别
5)测试MybatisTest.java
package org.guxiren.Test;
import java.io.InputStream;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
import org.guxiren.domain.User;
public class MyBatisTest {
public static void main(String args[]) throws Exception {
InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream("mybatis-config.xml");
SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
SqlSession session = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
User user = new org.guxiren.domain.User("admin2", "女", 26);
session.insert("org.guxiren.mapper.UserMapper.save", user);
session.commit();
session.close();
}
}
6)配置log4j.properties
log4j.rootLogger=ERROR, stdout
log4j.logger.org.guxiren.mapper.UserMapper=DEBUG
log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%5p [%t] - %m%n
7)输出日志
DEBUG [main] - ==> Preparing: Insert into tb_user(name, sex, age) values(?,?,?)
DEBUG [main] - ==> Parameters: admin3(String), 女(String), 26(Integer)
DEBUG [main] - <== Updates: 1
总结:
Hibernate和JPA,在某些环境不适用,例如出于安全考虑,只对开发团队提供几条select SQL以获取所需数据,具体表结构不公开,数据库操作在数据库层由存储过程实现,数据处理量巨大,性能要求极为严苛等,Hibernate不适合解决,Mybatis正好解决这个问题。