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注:写了一系列的结构体的分析的文章,在这里列一个列表:
FFMPEG结构体分析:AVFrameFFMPEG结构体分析:AVFormatContext
FFMPEG结构体分析:AVCodecContext
FFMPEG结构体分析:AVIOContext
FFMPEG结构体分析:AVCodec
FFMPEG结构体分析:AVStream
FFMPEG结构体分析:AVPacket
FFMPEG有几个最重要的结构体,包含了解协议,解封装,解码操作,此前已经进行过分析:
在此不再详述,其中AVPacket是存储压缩编码数据相关信息的结构体。本文将会详细分析一下该结构体里重要变量的含义和作用。
首先看一下结构体的定义(位于avcodec.h文件中):
- /* 雷霄骅
- * 中国传媒大学/数字电视技术
- * leixiaohua1020@126.com
- *
- */
- typedef struct AVPacket {
- /**
- * Presentation timestamp in AVStream->time_base units; the time at which
- * the decompressed packet will be presented to the user.
- * Can be AV_NOPTS_VALUE if it is not stored in the file.
- * pts MUST be larger or equal to dts as presentation cannot happen before
- * decompression, unless one wants to view hex dumps. Some formats misuse
- * the terms dts and pts/cts to mean something different. Such timestamps
- * must be converted to true pts/dts before they are stored in AVPacket.
- */
- int64_t pts;
- /**
- * Decompression timestamp in AVStream->time_base units; the time at which
- * the packet is decompressed.
- * Can be AV_NOPTS_VALUE if it is not stored in the file.
- */
- int64_t dts;
- uint8_t *data;
- int size;
- int stream_index;
- /**
- * A combination of AV_PKT_FLAG values
- */
- int flags;
- /**
- * Additional packet data that can be provided by the container.
- * Packet can contain several types of side information.
- */
- struct {
- uint8_t *data;
- int size;
- enum AVPacketSideDataType type;
- } *side_data;
- int side_data_elems;
- /**
- * Duration of this packet in AVStream->time_base units, 0 if unknown.
- * Equals next_pts - this_pts in presentation order.
- */
- int duration;
- void (*destruct)(struct AVPacket *);
- void *priv;
- int64_t pos; ///< byte position in stream, -1 if unknown
- /**
- * Time difference in AVStream->time_base units from the pts of this
- * packet to the point at which the output from the decoder has converged
- * independent from the availability of previous frames. That is, the
- * frames are virtually identical no matter if decoding started from
- * the very first frame or from this keyframe.
- * Is AV_NOPTS_VALUE if unknown.
- * This field is not the display duration of the current packet.
- * This field has no meaning if the packet does not have AV_PKT_FLAG_KEY
- * set.
- *
- * The purpose of this field is to allow seeking in streams that have no
- * keyframes in the conventional sense. It corresponds to the
- * recovery point SEI in H.264 and match_time_delta in NUT. It is also
- * essential for some types of subtitle streams to ensure that all
- * subtitles are correctly displayed after seeking.
- */
- int64_t convergence_duration;
- } AVPacket;
在AVPacket结构体中,重要的变量有以下几个:
uint8_t *data:压缩编码的数据。
例如对于H.264来说。1个AVPacket的data通常对应一个NAL。
注意:在这里只是对应,而不是一模一样。他们之间有微小的差别:使用FFMPEG类库分离出多媒体文件中的H.264码流
因此在使用FFMPEG进行视音频处理的时候,常常可以将得到的AVPacket的data数据直接写成文件,从而得到视音频的码流文件。
int size:data的大小
int64_t pts:显示时间戳
int64_t dts:解码时间戳
int stream_index:标识该AVPacket所属的视频/音频流。
这个结构体虽然比较简单,但是非常的常用。