std::cin.getline()输入缓冲区溢出错误处理

· std::cin.getline()输入缓冲区溢出错误
#include <iostream>
#include "ace/OS.h"
#include "SystemCommon.h"

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
    std::cout << "Hello world!" << std::endl;

    TCHAR cmd[COMMONSERVER::COMMAND_BUFFER_SIZE];

    while (true)
    {
        ACE_OS::memset((void *)cmd, 0, sizeof(TCHAR)*COMMONSERVER::COMMAND_BUFFER_SIZE);
        std::cin.getline(cmd, COMMONSERVER::COMMAND_BUFFER_SIZE);
        std::cout << cmd << std::endl;
    }
    return 0;
}
现象：在这里出现的输入缓冲区溢出后即出现了死循环。

原因：因为当输入缓冲区溢出后，std::cin将会出现异常，从而std::cin.getline不再等待用户输入之后再执行下面的操作。

解决办法：
1 当出现缓冲区溢出时退出程序，以免出现死循环的情形。如：
#include <iostream>
#include "ace/OS.h"
#include "SystemCommon.h"

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
    std::cout << "Hello world!" << std::endl;

    TCHAR cmd[COMMONSERVER::COMMAND_BUFFER_SIZE];

    while (true)
    {
        ACE_OS::memset((void *)cmd, 0, sizeof(TCHAR)*COMMONSERVER::COMMAND_BUFFER_SIZE);
        std::cin.getline(cmd, COMMONSERVER::COMMAND_BUFFER_SIZE);
        if(!std::cin)
        {
            std::cerr << "std::cin occur error, perhaps the buffer is overflowed." << std::endl;
            break;
        }
        else
        {
            std::cout << cmd << std::endl;
        }
    }
    return 0;
}

2 在出现缓冲区溢出后，重置std::cin后，并将缓冲区进行加大分配，可以采用2^n策略进行处理
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include "ace/OS.h"
#include "SystemCommon.h"

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
    std::cout << "Hello world!" << std::endl;

    int nBufSize = COMMONSERVER::COMMAND_BUFFER_SIZE;
    TCHAR *pCmd = new TCHAR[nBufSize];
    while (true)
    {
        ACE_OS::memset((void *)pCmd, 0, sizeof(TCHAR)*nBufSize);
        std::cin.getline(pCmd, nBufSize);
        if(!std::cin)
        {
            std::cerr << "std::cin occur error, perhaps the buffer is overflowed." << std::endl;
            delete[] pCmd;
            nBufSize *= 2;
            pCmd = new TCHAR[nBufSize];
            std::cin.clear(); // 清除错误标志位
            std::cin.sync(); // 清除流
            std::cout << "std::cin clear, buffer size is " << nBufSize << std::endl;
        }
        else
        {
            std::cout << pCmd << std::endl;
        }
    }
    delete[] pCmd;

//     std::string cmd;
//     while (true)
//     {
//         std::getline(std::cin, cmd);
//         std::cout << cmd << std::endl;
//     }
    return 0;
}