基于httpclient4的HttpClientUtil类

本类基于Httpclient4.3.6版本编写，从网上的其他3.X版本的源码改编，对Httpclient4.X版本应该都适用

package com.lxh;


import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InterruptedIOException;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import java.security.KeyStore;
import java.security.KeyStoreException;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.security.cert.CertificateException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.net.ssl.SSLException;

import org.apache.commons.lang.StringUtils;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntityEnclosingRequest;
import org.apache.http.HttpRequest;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpRequestRetryHandler;
import org.apache.http.client.ResponseHandler;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpRequestBase;
import org.apache.http.client.protocol.HttpClientContext;
import org.apache.http.client.utils.URLEncodedUtils;
import org.apache.http.conn.ConnectTimeoutException;
import org.apache.http.entity.ContentType;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.protocol.HttpContext;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
/**
* Apache Httpclient 4.X 工具包装类
* 
*/
@SuppressWarnings("all")
public class HttpClientUtil {
	
	private static final String CHARSET_UTF8 = "UTF-8";
	private static final String CHARSET_GBK = "GBK";
	private static final String SSL_DEFAULT_SCHEME = "https";
	private static final int SSL_DEFAULT_PORT = 443;
	
	/**
	 * 获取DefaultHttpClient实例
	 * 
	 * @param charset
	 * 参数编码集, 可空
	 * @return DefaultHttpClient 对象
	 */
	private static CloseableHttpClient  getDefaultHttpClient(){
		
		CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.custom()
		        .setRetryHandler(requestRetryHandler)
		        .build();

		return httpclient;
	}
	
	// 异常自动恢复处理, 使用HttpRequestRetryHandler接口实现请求的异常恢复
	private static HttpRequestRetryHandler requestRetryHandler = new HttpRequestRetryHandler() {
		// 自定义的恢复策略
		public boolean retryRequest(IOException exception, int executionCount, HttpContext context) {
			// 设置恢复策略，在发生异常时候将自动重试3次
			if (executionCount >= 3) {
	            // Do not retry if over max retry count
	            return false;
	        }
	        if (exception instanceof InterruptedIOException) {
	            // Timeout
	            return false;
	        }
	        if (exception instanceof UnknownHostException) {
	            // Unknown host
	            return false;
	        }
	        if (exception instanceof ConnectTimeoutException) {
	            // Connection refused
	            return false;
	        }
	        if (exception instanceof SSLException) {
	            // SSL handshake exception
	            return false;
	        }
	        HttpClientContext clientContext = HttpClientContext.adapt(context);
	        HttpRequest request = clientContext.getRequest();
	        boolean idempotent = !(request instanceof HttpEntityEnclosingRequest);
	        if (idempotent) {
	            // Retry if the request is considered idempotent
	            return true;
	        }
	        return false;
		}
	};
	
	// 使用ResponseHandler接口处理响应，HttpClient使用ResponseHandler会自动管理连接的释放，解决了对连接的释放管理
	private static ResponseHandler responseHandler = new ResponseHandler() {
		// 自定义响应处理
		public String handleResponse(HttpResponse response)	throws ClientProtocolException, IOException {
			HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
			if (entity != null) {
				String charset = null;
				ContentType contentType = ContentType.getOrDefault(entity);
				Charset charsetObj = contentType.getCharset();
				if(charsetObj != null) {
					charset = charsetObj.name();
				}
				charset = charset == null ? CHARSET_GBK : charset;
				return new String(EntityUtils.toByteArray(entity), charset);
			} else {
				return null;
			}
		}
	};
	
	/**
	 * Get方式提交,URL中包含查询参数, 格式：http://www.g.cn?search=p&name=s.....
	 * 
	 * @param url
	 * 提交地址
	 * @return 响应消息
	 */
	public static String get(String url) {
		return get(url, null, null);
	}
	
	
	/**
	 * Get方式提交,URL中不包含查询参数, 格式：http://www.g.cn
	 * 
	 * @param url
	 * 提交地址
	 * @param params
	 * 查询参数集, 键/值对
	 * @return 响应消息
	 */
	public static String get(String url, Map params) {
		return get(url, params, null);
	}
	
	
	/**
	 * Get方式提交,URL中不包含查询参数, 格式：http://www.g.cn
	 * 
	 * @param url
	 * 提交地址
	 * @param params
	 * 查询参数集, 键/值对
	 * @param charset
	 * 参数提交编码集
	 * @return 响应消息
	 */
	public static String get(String url, Map params, String charset) {
		if (url == null || StringUtils.isEmpty(url)) {
			return null;
		}
		List qparams = getParamsList(params);
		if (qparams != null && qparams.size() > 0) {
			charset = (charset == null ? CHARSET_GBK : charset);
			String formatParams = URLEncodedUtils.format(qparams, charset);
			url = (url.indexOf("?")) < 0 ? (url + "?" + formatParams) : (url
					.substring(0, url.indexOf("?") + 1) + formatParams);
		}
		CloseableHttpClient httpclient = getDefaultHttpClient();
		HttpGet hg = new HttpGet(url);
		// 发送请求，得到响应
		String responseStr = null;
		try {
			responseStr = httpclient.execute(hg, responseHandler);
		} catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
			throw new RuntimeException("客户端连接协议错误", e);
		} catch (IOException e) {
			throw new RuntimeException("IO操作异常", e);
		} finally {
			abortConnection(hg, httpclient);
		}
		return responseStr;
	}
	
	
	/**
	 * Post方式提交,URL中不包含提交参数, 格式：http://www.g.cn
	 * 
	 * @param url
	 * 提交地址
	 * @param params
	 * 提交参数集, 键/值对
	 * @return 响应消息
	 */
	public static String post(String url, Map params) {
		return post(url, params, null);
	}
	
	
	/**
	 * Post方式提交,URL中不包含提交参数, 格式：http://www.g.cn
	 * 
	 * @param url
	 * 提交地址
	 * @param params
	 * 提交参数集, 键/值对
	 * @param charset
	 * 参数提交编码集
	 * @return 响应消息
	 */
	public static String post(String url, Map params, String charset) {
		if (url == null || StringUtils.isEmpty(url)) {
			return null;
		}
		// 创建HttpClient实例
		CloseableHttpClient httpclient = getDefaultHttpClient();
		UrlEncodedFormEntity formEntity = null;
		try {
			if (charset == null || StringUtils.isEmpty(charset)) {
				formEntity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(getParamsList(params));
			} else {
				formEntity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(getParamsList(params), charset);
			}
		} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
			throw new RuntimeException("不支持的编码集", e);
		}
		HttpPost hp = new HttpPost(url); 
		hp.setEntity(formEntity);
		// 发送请求，得到响应
		String responseStr = null;
		try {
			responseStr = httpclient.execute(hp, responseHandler);
		} catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
			throw new RuntimeException("客户端连接协议错误", e);
		} catch (IOException e) {
			throw new RuntimeException("IO操作异常", e);
		} finally {
			abortConnection(hp, httpclient);
		}		
		return responseStr;
	}
	
	
	
	/**
	 * 释放HttpClient连接
	 * 
	 * @param hrb
	 * 请求对象
	 * @param httpclient
	 * 			 client对象
	 */
	private static void abortConnection(final HttpRequestBase hrb, final CloseableHttpClient httpclient){
		if (hrb != null) {
			hrb.abort();
		}
		if (httpclient != null) {
			try {
				httpclient.close();
			} catch (IOException e) {
				throw new RuntimeException("释放httpclient发生IO操作异常", e);
			}
		}
	}
	
	/**
	 * 将传入的键/值对参数转换为NameValuePair参数集
	 * @param paramsMap
	 * 参数集, 键/值对
	 * @return NameValuePair参数集
	 */
	private static List getParamsList(Map paramsMap) {
		if (paramsMap == null || paramsMap.size() == 0) {
			return null;
		}
		List params = new ArrayList();
		Iterator<Map.Entry<String, Object>> it = paramsMap.entrySet().iterator();
		while (it.hasNext()) {
		   Map.Entry<String, Object> entry = it.next();
		   System.out.println("key= " + entry.getKey() + " and value= " + entry.getValue());
		   params.add(new BasicNameValuePair(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue().toString()));
		}
		return params;
	}
}

测试用例代码

package com.lxh;

public class HttpClientUtilTest {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		String url = "http://www.hao123.com/";
		String res = HttpClientUtil.get(url);
		System.out.println(res);
	}
}

附上maven依赖pom.xml代码

<dependency>
		<groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
		<artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
		<version>4.3.6</version>
	</dependency>