实现无刷新DropDownList联动效果

 在做一个文章添加功能时,想在选择大类后,自动将其所属二级小类显示出来,使用DropDownList的SelectedIndexChanged事件可以很容易实现,但每次选择后页面总要刷新一次,让人感觉很不爽。为实现DropDownList无刷新二级联动,这几天在网上找了些资料,但都无法达到我想要的效果,经过反复调试,现已基本实现了此功能,现将代码附下。

一、数据库设计:

字段名

数据类型

说明

ClassID

自动编号

类编号

ClassName    

varchar(8)

类名

UpClassID

int(4)

上级类编号

ClassLevel

int(4)

类级别,1为大类,2为小类


二、设计步骤:
1、首先,我们新建一个页面DropTest.aspx,在其中放入两个DropDownList控件:DropDownList1和DropDownList2,其完整代码如下:
<%@ Page language="c#" Codebehind="DropTest.aspx.cs" AutoEventWireup="false" Inherits="studyWEB.DropTest" %>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN" >
<HTML>
 <HEAD>
  <title>WebForm2</title>
  <meta content="Microsoft Visual Studio .NET 7.1" name="GENERATOR">
  <meta content="C#" name="CODE_LANGUAGE">
  <meta content="JavaScript" name="vs_defaultClientScript">
  <meta content="http://schemas.microsoft.com/intellisense/ie5" name="vs_targetSchema">
  <script>
      function load(ClassID){           //ClassID为接收传递的大类编号
      var drp2 = document.getElementById("DropDownList2");
      function RemoveAll(oElem) {             //清除DropDownList2的所有项
      var i = 0;
      for (i = oElem.length; i >= 0; i--){
      oElem.options.remove(i);
      }
      }
      RemoveAll(drp2) 
       var oHttpReq = new ActiveXObject("MSXML2.XMLHTTP");
       var oDoc = new ActiveXObject("MSXML2.DOMDocument");
       oHttpReq.open("POST", "DropChild.aspx?ClassID="+ClassID, false);         //调用读取小类数据的页面,将大类
                                                                                                                           // 编号值传递过去
       oHttpReq.send("");
       result = oHttpReq.responseText;
       oDoc.loadXML(result);
       items1 = oDoc.selectNodes("//CLASSNAME/Table/ClassName");              //读取所有请求大类所属小类的类名
       items2 = oDoc.selectNodes("//CLASSNAME/Table/ClassID");                   //读取所有请求大类所属小类的编号
       var itemsLength=items1.length;
       for(i=0;i<itemsLength;i++)                                                                 //将小类的类名和编号赋予DropDownList2
   {
      var newOption = document.createElement("OPTION");
      newOption.text=items1[i].text;
      newOption.value=items2[i].text;
      drp2.options.add(newOption);
   }
      }
  </script>
 </HEAD>
 <body MS_POSITIONING="flowLayout">
  <form id="Form1" method="post" runat="server">
   <asp:DropDownList id="DropDownList1" runat="server"></asp:DropDownList>
   <asp:DropDownList id="DropDownList2" runat="server"></asp:DropDownList>
   <asp:TextBox id="TH" runat="server" BorderStyle="None" ForeColor="White" BorderColor="White"></asp:TextBox>
   <asp:Label id="Label1" runat="server"></asp:Label>
   <asp:Button id="Button1" runat="server" Text="Button"></asp:Button>
  </form>
 </body>
</HTML>
该页面的后台文件(DropDownList1.aspx.cs)中Page_Load内的代码如下:
if(!this.IsPostBack)
   {
    SqlConnection con = new SqlConnection("server=localhost;database=gswebDB;uid=sa;pwd=;");
    SqlDataAdapter da = new SqlDataAdapter("select ClassName,ClassID from classname where ClassLevel=1",con);
    DataSet ds = new DataSet();
    da.Fill(ds);
    this.DropDownList1.DataSource=ds.Tables[0].DefaultView;
    this.DropDownList1.DataTextField = "ClassName";
    this.DropDownList1.DataValueField = "ClassID";
    this.DropDownList1.DataBind();
    this.DropDownList1.Attributes.Add("onchange","load(this.options[this.selectedIndex].value)");  //将ClassID作为参数传递给脚本函数load(ClassID),如果要传递的是ClassName,应将value改为innerText,但如果大类为中文,则调用小类时出现无法显示的问题
   // this.DropDownList2.Attributes.Add("onChange","javascript:document.Form1.TH.value=this.options[this.selectedIndex].value;");   //读取DropDownList2的值,将其赋给一个TextBox控件TH,以获取DropDownList2的值,为获取DropDownList2的值,网上有人说可通过使用隐藏的TextBox控件来获取,我未能实现,因为在客户端隐藏的TextBox控件也是不可用脚本来访问的,没法给其赋值,我只能通过将其样式、字体颜色设于背景相同来达到隐藏效果,这是一个很笨的方法,有谁有好的方法,请帮我。
   }
此页面实现如下功能:首先从数据库内读取所有类级别为1(即大类)的类名和类编号,绑定到DropDownList1控件上;然后通过DropDownList1的Attributes属性调用javascript函数load(ClassID);load()函数通过调用DropChild.aspx页面,读取XML流,得到大类所属小类的ClassName和ClassID。
2、新建DropChild.aspx页面文件,其中不插入任何控件和文本,只在其后台文件(DropChild.aspx.cs)中的Page_Load中加入以下代码:
if(this.Request["ClassID"]!=null)
   {
    int state = Convert.ToInt32(this.Request["ClassID"]);
    SqlConnection con = new SqlConnection("server=localhost;database=gswebDB;uid=sa;pwd=;");
    SqlDataAdapter da = new SqlDataAdapter("select ClassName,ClassID from classname where UpClassID='"+state+"'",con);
    DataSet ds = new DataSet("CLASSNAME");
    da.Fill(ds);
    XmlTextWriter writer = new XmlTextWriter(Response.OutputStream, Response.ContentEncoding);
    writer.Formatting = Formatting.Indented;
    writer.Indentation = 4;
    writer.IndentChar = ' ';
    ds.WriteXml(writer);
    writer.Flush();    
    Response.End();
    writer.Close();
       该方法得到用户选择的大类的编号,通过查询以后得到一个DataSet对象,使用该对象的WriteXML方法直接将内容写到Response.OutputStream里面然后传递到客户端,客户端的load方法通过result =oHttpReq.responseText;句话得到一个XML字符串,最后解析此串。
       另外,测试获取DropDownList2值,添加了TextBox控件TH,当点击Button时,处理事件代码如下:
private void Button1_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
  {
   Label1.Text=TH.Text;
  }

用vb实现:

 

后台代码:

Public Class WebForm2
    Inherits System.Web.UI.Page

#Region " Web 窗体设计器生成的代码 "

    '该调用是 Web 窗体设计器所必需的。
    <System.Diagnostics.DebuggerStepThrough()> Private Sub InitializeComponent()

    End Sub
    Protected WithEvents Button1 As System.Web.UI.WebControls.Button
    Protected WithEvents listType1 As System.Web.UI.WebControls.DropDownList
    Protected WithEvents listType2 As System.Web.UI.WebControls.DropDownList
    '注意: 以下占位符声明是 Web 窗体设计器所必需的。
    '不要删除或移动它。
    Private designerPlaceholderDeclaration As System.Object

    Private Sub Page_Init(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles MyBase.Init
        'CODEGEN: 此方法调用是 Web 窗体设计器所必需的
        '不要使用代码编辑器修改它。
        InitializeComponent()
    End Sub

#End Region

    Private Sub Page_Load(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles MyBase.Load
        '在此处放置初始化页的用户代码
        If Not Page.IsPostBack Then
            listType1.AutoPostBack = True
            Dim con As OleDb.OleDbConnection = New OleDb.OleDbConnection(ConfigurationSettings.AppSettings("ConnectionString"))
            Dim lstr As String = "select ClassName,ClassID from classname where ClassLevel=1"
            Dim ds As DataSet = New DataSet
            con.Open()
            Dim comm As OleDb.OleDbDataAdapter = New OleDb.OleDbDataAdapter(lstr, con)
            comm.Fill(ds, "fulei")
            listType1.DataSource = ds.Tables("fulei").DefaultView
            listType1.DataTextField = "ClassName"
            listType1.DataValueField = "ClassID"
            listType1.DataBind()
            con.Close()
        End If
    End Sub

    Private Sub Button1_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Button1.Click
        Response.Write(listType2.SelectedValue)
    End Sub

    Private Sub listType1_SelectedIndexChanged(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles listType1.SelectedIndexChanged
        Dim con As OleDb.OleDbConnection = New OleDb.OleDbConnection(ConfigurationSettings.AppSettings("ConnectionString"))
        Dim lstr As String = "select ClassName,ClassID from classname where UPClassId=" + DropDownList1.SelectedValue
        Dim ds As DataSet = New DataSet
        con.Open()
        Dim comm As OleDb.OleDbDataAdapter = New OleDb.OleDbDataAdapter(lstr, con)
        comm.Fill(ds, "zilei")
        listType2.DataSource = ds.Tables("zilei").DefaultView
        listType2.DataTextField = "ClassName"
        listType2.DataValueField = "ClassID"
        listType2.DataBind()
        con.Close()
    End Sub
End Class

这个是ajax 实现DropDownList刷新联动。里面有数据库结构和内容,表结构的是sql2000的, 关键代码: <SCRIPT language="javascript"> //城市------------------------------ function cityResult() { var city=document.getElementById("DropDownList1"); AjaxMethod.GetCityList(city.value,get_city_Result_CallBack); } function get_city_Result_CallBack(response) { if (response.value != null) { //debugger; document.all("DropDownList2").length=0;          var ds = response.value; if(ds != null && typeof(ds) == "object" && ds.Tables != null) { for(var i=0; i<ds.Tables[0].Rows.length; i++)      {      var name=ds.Tables[0].Rows[i].CityName;        var id=ds.Tables[0].Rows[i].ProvinceID;        document.all("DropDownList2").options.add(new Option(name,id));      } } } else { document.all("DropDownList2").length=0; } return } //市区---------------------------------------- function areaResult() { var area=document.getElementById("DropDownList2"); AjaxMethod.GetAreaList(area.value,get_area_Result_CallBack); } function get_area_Result_CallBack(response) { if (response.value != null) { document.all("DropDownList3").length=0;          var ds = response.value; if(ds != null && typeof(ds) == "object" && ds.Tables != null) { for(var i=0; i<ds.Tables[0].Rows.length; i++)      {        var name=ds.Tables[0].Rows[i].ProvinceName;        var id=ds.Tables[0].Rows[i].id;        document.all("DropDownList3").options.add(new Option(name,id));      } } } else { document.all("DropDownList3").length=0; } return } </SCRIPT>
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