Linux（四）- Ubuntu安装Mysql
准备工作
进入mysql官网下载界面https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/下载适用于Ubuntu Linux的Mysql版本。
本文下载版本是MySQL Community Server 8.0.17 的DEB Bundle包：mysql-server_8.0.17-1ubuntu18.04_amd64.deb-bundle.tar，存放在默认目录 ~/下载 内。
安装Mysql
-
切换至目录 ~/下载
xxx@xxx-pc:~$ cd ~/下载 -
解压缩DEB Bundle包
xxx@xxx-pc:~/下载$ sudo tar -xvf mysql-server_8.0.17-1ubuntu18.04_amd64.deb-bundle.tar mysql-client_8.0.17-1ubuntu18.04_amd64.deb libmysqlclient21_8.0.17-1ubuntu18.04_amd64.deb libmysqlclient-dev_8.0.17-1ubuntu18.04_amd64.deb mysql-testsuite_8.0.17-1ubuntu18.04_amd64.deb mysql-common_8.0.17-1ubuntu18.04_amd64.deb mysql-server_8.0.17-1ubuntu18.04_amd64.deb mysql-community-server-core_8.0.17-1ubuntu18.04_amd64.deb mysql-community-server_8.0.17-1ubuntu18.04_amd64.deb mysql-community-client-core_8.0.17-1ubuntu18.04_amd64.deb mysql-community-test_8.0.17-1ubuntu18.04_amd64.deb mysql-community-client_8.0.17-1ubuntu18.04_amd64.deb mysql-community-test-debug_8.0.17-1ubuntu18.04_amd64.deb mysql-community-server-debug_8.0.17-1ubuntu18.04_amd64.deb xxx@xxx-pc:~/下载$ ls libmysqlclient21_8.0.17-1ubuntu18.04_amd64.deb libmysqlclient-dev_8.0.17-1ubuntu18.04_amd64.deb mysql-client_8.0.17-1ubuntu18.04_amd64.deb mysql-common_8.0.17-1ubuntu18.04_amd64.deb mysql-community-client_8.0.17-1ubuntu18.04_amd64.deb mysql-community-client-core_8.0.17-1ubuntu18.04_amd64.deb mysql-community-server_8.0.17-1ubuntu18.04_amd64.deb mysql-community-server-core_8.0.17-1ubuntu18.04_amd64.deb mysql-community-server-debug_8.0.17-1ubuntu18.04_amd64.deb mysql-community-test_8.0.17-1ubuntu18.04_amd64.deb mysql-community-test-debug_8.0.17-1ubuntu18.04_amd64.deb mysql-server_8.0.17-1ubuntu18.04_amd64.deb mysql-server_8.0.17-1ubuntu18.04_amd64.deb-bundle.tar mysql-testsuite_8.0.17-1ubuntu18.04_amd64.deb xxx@xxx-pc:~/下载$ -
按以下顺序安装deb包
执行安装命令顺序概要：
sudo dpkg -i mysql-common_8.0.17-1ubuntu18.04_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i mysql-community-client-core_8.0.17-1ubuntu18.04_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i mysql-community-client_8.0.17-1ubuntu18.04_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i libaio1_0.3.112-3_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i libmecab2_0.996-6_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i mysql-community-server-core_8.0.17-1ubuntu18.04_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i mysql-client_8.0.17-1ubuntu18.04_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i mysql-community-server_8.0.17-1ubuntu18.04_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i mysql-server_8.0.17-1ubuntu18.04_amd64.deb
详细安装过程如下：
xxx@xxx-pc:~/下载$ sudo dpkg -i mysql-common_8.0.17-1ubuntu18.04_amd64.deb 正在选中未选择的软件包 mysql-common。 (正在读取数据库 ... 系统当前共安装有 143086 个文件和目录。) 正准备解包 mysql-common_8.0.17-1ubuntu18.04_amd64.deb ... 正在解包 mysql-common (8.0.17-1ubuntu18.04) ... 正在设置 mysql-common (8.0.17-1ubuntu18.04) ... update-alternatives: 使用 /etc/mysql/my.cnf.fallback 来在自动模式中提供 /etc/mysql/my.cnf (my.cnf) xxx@xxx-pc:~/下载$xxx@xxx-pc:~/下载$ sudo dpkg -i mysql-community-client-core_8.0.17-1ubuntu18.04_amd64.deb 正在选中未选择的软件包 mysql-community-client-core。 (正在读取数据库 ... 系统当前共安装有 143179 个文件和目录。) 正准备解包 mysql-community-client-core_8.0.17-1ubuntu18.04_amd64.deb ... 正在解包 mysql-community-client-core (8.0.17-1ubuntu18.04) ... 正在设置 mysql-community-client-core (8.0.17-1ubuntu18.04) ... 正在处理用于 man-db (2.8.3-2ubuntu0.1) 的触发器 ... xxx@xxx-pc:~/下载$xxx@xxx-pc:~/下载$ sudo dpkg -i mysql-community-client_8.0.17-1ubuntu18.04_amd64.deb (正在读取数据库 ... 系统当前共安装有 143191 个文件和目录。) 正准备解包 mysql-community-client_8.0.17-1ubuntu18.04_amd64.deb ... 正在将 mysql-community-client (8.0.17-1ubuntu18.04) 解包到 (8.0.17-1ubuntu18.04) 上 ... 正在设置 mysql-community-client (8.0.17-1ubuntu18.04) ... 正在处理用于 man-db (2.8.3-2ubuntu0.1) 的触发器 ... xxx@xxx-pc:~/下载$xxx@xxx-pc:~/下载$ sudo dpkg -i mysql-community-server-core_8.0.17-1ubuntu18.04_amd64.deb (正在读取数据库 ... 系统当前共安装有 143349 个文件和目录。) 正准备解包 mysql-community-server-core_8.0.17-1ubuntu18.04_amd64.deb ... 正在将 mysql-community-server-core (8.0.17-1ubuntu18.04) 解包到 (8.0.17-1ubuntu18.04) 上 ... dpkg: 依赖关系问题使得 mysql-community-server-core 的配置工作不能继续： mysql-community-server-core 依赖于 libaio1 (>= 0.3.93)；然而： 未安装软件包 libaio1。 mysql-community-server-core 依赖于 libmecab2；然而： 未安装软件包 libmecab2。 dpkg: 处理软件包 mysql-community-server-core (--install)时出错： 依赖关系问题 - 仍未被配置 正在处理用于 man-db (2.8.3-2ubuntu0.1) 的触发器 ... 在处理时有错误发生： mysql-community-server-core xxx@xxx-pc:~/下载$发现安装mysql-community-server-core时缺少依赖的软件包libaio1和libmecab2 ，进入 https://packages.debian.org下载并安装两个依赖包.
xxx@xxx-pc:~/下载$ sudo dpkg -i libaio1_0.3.112-3_amd64.deb 正在选中未选择的软件包 libaio1:amd64。 (正在读取数据库 ... 系统当前共安装有 143349 个文件和目录。) 正准备解包 libaio1_0.3.112-3_amd64.deb ... 正在解包 libaio1:amd64 (0.3.112-3) ... 正在设置 libaio1:amd64 (0.3.112-3) ... 正在处理用于 libc-bin (2.27-3ubuntu1) 的触发器 ... xxx@xxx-pc:~/下载$xxx@xxx-pc:~/下载$ sudo dpkg -i libmecab2_0.996-6_amd64.deb 正在选中未选择的软件包 libmecab2:amd64。 (正在读取数据库 ... 系统当前共安装有 143355 个文件和目录。) 正准备解包 libmecab2_0.996-6_amd64.deb ... 正在解包 libmecab2:amd64 (0.996-6) ... 正在设置 libmecab2:amd64 (0.996-6) ... 正在处理用于 libc-bin (2.27-3ubuntu1) 的触发器 ... xxx@xxx-pc:~/下载$再次安装mysql-community-server-core
xxx@xxx-pc:~/下载$ sudo dpkg -i mysql-community-server-core_8.0.17-1ubuntu18.04_amd64.deb (正在读取数据库 ... 系统当前共安装有 143361 个文件和目录。) 正准备解包 mysql-community-server-core_8.0.17-1ubuntu18.04_amd64.deb ... 正在将 mysql-community-server-core (8.0.17-1ubuntu18.04) 解包到 (8.0.17-1ubuntu18.04) 上 ... 正在设置 mysql-community-server-core (8.0.17-1ubuntu18.04) ... 正在处理用于 man-db (2.8.3-2ubuntu0.1) 的触发器 ... xxx@xxx-pc:~/下载$继续安装
xxx@xxx-pc:~/下载$ sudo dpkg -i mysql-client_8.0.17-1ubuntu18.04_amd64.deb (正在读取数据库 ... 系统当前共安装有 143361 个文件和目录。) 正准备解包 mysql-client_8.0.17-1ubuntu18.04_amd64.deb ... 正在将 mysql-client (8.0.17-1ubuntu18.04) 解包到 (8.0.17-1ubuntu18.04) 上 ... 正在设置 mysql-client (8.0.17-1ubuntu18.04) ... xxx@xxx-pc:~/下载$以下为安装mysql-community-server，在过程中需要设定root密码，并选择安全认证方式。
xxx@xxx-pc:~/下载$ sudo dpkg -i mysql-community-server_8.0.17-1ubuntu18.04_amd64.deb (正在读取数据库 ... 系统当前共安装有 143361 个文件和目录。) 正准备解包 mysql-community-server_8.0.17-1ubuntu18.04_amd64.deb ... 正在将 mysql-community-server (8.0.17-1ubuntu18.04) 解包到 (8.0.17-1ubuntu18.04) 上 ... 正在设置 mysql-community-server (8.0.17-1ubuntu18.04) ... update-alternatives: 使用 /etc/mysql/mysql.cnf 来在自动模式中提供 /etc/mysql/my.cnf (my.cnf) Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/mysql.service → /lib/systemd/system/mysql.service. xxx@xxx-pc:~/下载$接下来，最后一步
xxx@xxx-pc:~/下载$ sudo dpkg -i mysql-server_8.0.17-1ubuntu18.04_amd64.deb (正在读取数据库 ... 系统当前共安装有 143361 个文件和目录。) 正准备解包 mysql-server_8.0.17-1ubuntu18.04_amd64.deb ... 正在将 mysql-server (8.0.17-1ubuntu18.04) 解包到 (8.0.17-1ubuntu18.04) 上 ... 正在设置 mysql-server (8.0.17-1ubuntu18.04) ... xxx@xxx-pc:~/下载$至此，安装完毕。
启动Mysql、关闭Mysql和访问Mysql
xxx@xxx-pc:~/下载$ service mysql start
xxx@xxx-pc:~/下载$ mysql -uroot -pyyyy
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 9
Server version: 8.0.17 MySQL Community Server - GPL
Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.01 sec)
mysql> exit;
Bye
xxx@xxx-pc:~/下载$ service mysql stop
xxx@xxx-pc:~/下载$
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