Linux中安装MYSQL

Linux中安装MYSQL

官网：https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/
1.1.下载MYSQL
wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
1.2.解压文件
tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
1.3.重命名
mv mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/ /usr/local/mysql
2.1.创建文件夹（存储mysql数据）
mkdir -p /data/mysql
2.2.进入mysql目录
cd /usr/local/mysql
2.3.添加用户组
groupadd mysql
2.4.添加用户到组
useradd -g mysql mysql
2.5.改变目录属有者(下面的所有操作都在/usr/local/mysql中执行)
chown -R mysql .
chgrp -R mysql .
chown -R mysql /data/mysql

3.1.安装命令，执行解压包bin下的mysqld命令。此时会生成临时密码，记得记下来（9KpthxNq3a/a）
./bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql
3.2====生成SSL连接时使用的文件（可以省略）====
./bin/mysql_ssl_rsa_setup --datadir=/data/mysql
4.0.修改系统配置文件，将support-files文件夹下的my-default.cnf mysql.server复制到
/etc和/etc/init.d下（最新版已经没有my-default.cnf文件，可以自己按格式建立一个）
4.1.MYSQL5.7.19没有my-default.cnf自己新建文件
    vi support-files/my-default.cnf
4.2.复制以下内容(注意地址的修改)
# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/server-configuration-defaults.html
# *** DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE. It's a template which will be copied to the
# *** default location during install, and will be replaced if you
# *** upgrade to a newer version of MySQL.
[mysql]
default-character-set=utf8

[mysqld]

# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M

# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
# changes to the binary log between backups.
# log_bin

# These are commonly set, remove the # and set as required.
# basedir = .....
# datadir = .....
# port = .....
# server_id = .....
# socket = .....

basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /data/mysql
port = 3306
character-set-server=utf8
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = 1
# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
# join_buffer_size = 128M
# sort_buffer_size = 2M
# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M 

sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES

4.3.复制文件并替换(mysql配置文件|MYSQL启动命令文件)
    cp support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf
    cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql
4.4.修改/etc/init.d/mysql文件
    vi /etc/init.d/mysql
4.5.添加basedir和datadir位置（与4.2步骤上相同即可）
    basedir=/usr/local/mysql
    datadir=/data/mysql
5.启动服务（可能会报错）
    ./bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &#
6.新开shell窗口登录MYSQL
    ./bin/mysql -uroot -p
修改密码、登录权限、刷新权限
    set password=password('root'); 
    grant all privileges on *.* to root@'%' identified by 'root';
    flush privileges;
查询
use mysql;
select host,user from user;
6.添加系统路径
    vi /etc/profile
添加内容
    export PATH=/usr/local/mysql:$PATH
7.配置mysql自动启动、可执行权限
    chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysql
    chkconfig --add mysql
    chkconfig --level 345 mysql on
8.创建软连接（就可以在任意位置输入mysql -uroot -p命令）
    ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/bin