一、Ajax传输四部
第一步:创建一个XMLHttpRequet对象
var xmlhttp = new XMLHttpRequest()
第二部:告诉浏览器请求的方式是什么,以及请求发送到哪里
xmlhttp.open("get", "data/student.xml", true)
第三部:设置响应服务器端数据处理
xmlhttp.onreadystatechange = function() {
// 做数据处理
}
第四部:发送请求
xmlhttp.send()
二、使用data传输
ajax代码
responseXML:获得 XML 形式的响应数据
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Document</title>
</head>
<body>
<input type="button" value="发送" id="btn">
<div id="div1"></div>
</body>
<script>
var btn = document.getElementById("btn")
btn.onclick = function() {
// 第一步:创建一个XMLHttpRequet对象
var xmlhttp = new XMLHttpRequest()
// 第二部:告诉浏览器请求的方式是什么,以及请求发送到哪里
xmlhttp.open("get", "data/student.xml", true)
// 第三部:设置响应服务器端数据处理
xmlhttp.onreadystatechange = function() {
// 做数据处理
// console.log(xmlhttp.responseText)
// document.getElementById("div1").innerHTML = xmlhttp.responseText
var students = xmlhttp.responseXML.getElementsByTagName("student")
// console.log(students)
var table = "<table border='1' bordercolor='red'><tr><th>学号</th><th>姓名</th><th>年龄</th></tr>";
for (var i = 0; i < students.length; i++) {
// console.log(students[i].getElementsByTagName("stuID")[0].innerHTML)
var stuID = students[i].getElementsByTagName("stuID")[0].innerHTML
var stuName = students[i].getElementsByTagName("stuName")[0].innerHTML
var stuAge = students[i].getElementsByTagName("stuAge")[0].innerHTML
table += "<tr><td>" + stuID + "</td><td>" + stuName + "</td><td>" + stuAge + "</td></tr>"
}
table += "</table>"
document.querySelector("#div1").innerHTML = table
}
// 第四部:发送请求
xmlhttp.send()
// xmlhttp.onloadp()
}
</script>
</html>
data代码(后缀名为xml)
<students>
<student>
<stuID>1001</stuID>
<stuName>张三</stuName>
<stuAge>20</stuAge>
</student>
<student>
<stuID>1002</stuID>
<stuName>李四</stuName>
<stuAge>19</stuAge>
</student>
<student>
<stuID>1003</stuID>
<stuName>李梅</stuName>
<stuAge>21</stuAge>
</student>
<student>
<stuID>1004</stuID>
<stuName>Rose</stuName>
<stuAge>18</stuAge>
</student>
<student>
<stuID>1005</stuID>
<stuName>Tom</stuName>
<stuAge>20</stuAge>
</student>
</students>
效果:
三、传输json格式
responseText :返回字符串形式的响应
ajax代码
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Document</title>
</head>
<body>
<input type="button" value="显示" id="btn">
<div id="div1"></div>
</body>
<script>
var btn = document.getElementById("btn")
btn.onclick = function() {
//创建XMLHttpRequest
var xmlhttp = new XMLHttpRequest()
//请求方式。地址
xmlhttp.open("get", "data/student.json", true)
//
xmlhttp.onreadystatechange = function() {
// 序列化
var students = JSON.parse(xmlhttp.responseText)
// console.log(students[0].stuID)
var table = "<table border='1' bordercolor='red'><tr><th>学号</th><th>姓名</th><th>年龄</th></tr>";
for (var i = 0; i < students.length; i++) {
// console.log(students[i])
var stuID = students[i].stuID
var stuName = students[i].stuName
var stuAge = students[i].stuAge
table += "<tr><td>" + stuID + "</td><td>" + stuName + "</td><td>" + stuAge + "</td></tr>"
}
table += "</table>"
document.querySelector("#div1").innerHTML = table
}
//成功
xmlhttp.send()
}
</script>
</html>
json代码
[{
"stuID": "1001",
"stuName": "张三",
"stuAge": 20
}, {
"stuID": "1002",
"stuName": "李四",
"stuAge": 19
}, {
"stuID": "1003",
"stuName": "李梅",
"stuAge": 21
}, {
"stuID": "1004",
"stuName": "Rose",
"stuAge": 19
}, {
"stuID": "1005",
"stuName": "Tom",
"stuAge": 20
}]
以上是原生的写法
五、jquery写法
1.使用$.ajax
$.ajax({
type: "get", //请求方式
url: "../原生ajax/data/student.json", //请求地址
dataType: "text", //响应的数据类型
success: function(data) {
var students = JSON.parse(data)
var table = "<table border='1'><tr><th>学号</th><th>姓名</th><th>年龄</th></tr>"
for (var i = 0; i < students.length; i++) {
// console.log(students[i].stuID)
var stuID = students[i].stuID
var stuName = students[i].stuName
var stuAge = students[i].stuAge
table += "<tr><td>" + stuID + "</td><td>" + stuName + "</td><td>" + stuAge + "</td></tr>"
}
table += "</table>"
$("#div1").html(table)
}
})
效果:
get:(效果同上)
$.get("../原生ajax/data/student.json", function(data) {
// console.log(data)
var table = "<table border='1'><tr><th>学号</th><th>姓名</th><th>年龄</th></tr>"
for (var i = 0; i < data.length; i++) {
// console.log(data[i].stuID)
var stuID = data[i].stuID
var stuName = data[i].stuName
var stuAge = data[i].stuAge
table += "<tr><td>" + stuID + "</td><td>" + stuName + "</td><td>" + stuAge + "</td></tr>"
}
table += "</table>"
$("#div1").html(table)
})