36 Listening Device Provides Landslide Early Warning

 

Listening Device Provides Landslide Early Warning

听力设备提供滑坡预警

A device that provides early warningof a landslide by monitoring vibrations in soil is being testedby UK researchers. The device dould save thousands of lives each year by warning when an area should be evacuated, the scientists say. Such natural disasters are common in countries that experience sudden, heavy rainfall, and can also be triggered by earthequakes and even water erosion.

一个设备提供早期warningof滑坡监测土壤的振动被testedby英国研究人员。该装置可以拯救成千上万人的生命，每年警告当一个地区应撤离，科学家说。这样的自然灾害是常见的国家，突发性暴雨，和经验，也可以引发earthequakes甚至水侵蚀。

Landslides start when a few particles of soil or rock within a slope start to move,but the early stages can be hard to spot. Following this initial movement,"slopes can become unstable in a matter of hours or minutes," says Nell Kixon at Loughborough university, UK. He says a warning system that monitors this movement "might be enough to evacuate a block of flats or clear a road,and save lives."

滑坡启动时，少数颗粒土壤或岩石边坡内开始移动，但早期阶段可以努力现货。下面这个初始运动，“斜坡可以变得不稳定在一个小时或分钟，”内尔说kixon在拉夫堡大学，英国。他说一个预警系统，监测这项运动”可能是足够的疏散块的单位或清除道路，并拯救生命。”

The most common way to monitor a slope for signs of imminent landslide is to watch for changes in it's shape. Surveyors can do this by measuring a sit directly, or sensors sunk into boreholes or fixed above ground can be sued to monitor the shape of a slope. Slopes can, however,change shape without triggering a landslide , so either method is prone to causing false alarms. Now Dixon's team has developed a device that listens for the vibrations caused when particles begin moving within a slope.

最常见的方式来监测边坡滑坡迹象即将注意改变它的形状。测量员可以通过测量直接坐，或传感器沉入钻孔或固定在地面进行监测的坡形。可以，但是，改变形状而不触发滑坡，所以任何一种方法是容易造成假警报。现在，狄克逊的团队开发了一种装置，听震动，当粒子开始移动在一个斜坡。

The device takes the form of a steel pipe dropped into a borehole in a slope. The borehole is filled in with gravel around pipe to help transmit high-frequency vibrations generated by particles within the slope. These vibrations pass up the tube and are picked up by a sensor on the surface. Software analyses the vibration signal to determine whether a landslide may be imminent.

该装置是一个管下降到一个钻孔在一个斜坡。钻孔是填砂石围绕管帮助发射高频振动产生的粒子在边坡。这些振动通过管和拾起一个传感器的表面。软件分析振动信号，以确定是否一个滑坡可能迫在眉睫。

The device is currently being tested in a 6-metre-tall artificial clay embankment in Newcastle, UK. Early results suggest it should provide fewer false positves than existing systems. Once it has been carefully and thoroughly tested, the device could be used to create a complete early-warning system for dangerous slopes.

该设备是目前正在测试中的一个6-metre-tall人工粘土路堤在纽卡斯尔，英国。早期的结果表明它应该提供更少的假positves比现有系统。一旦它被仔细和彻底的测试，该设备可以被用来创造一个完整的预警系统危险斜坡。

"Loctions with a significant risk of landslides could definitely benefit from a machine like this," says Adam Poulter, an expert at the British Red Cross. "As long as it doesn't cost too much." But, Poulter adds that an early-warning system may not be enough on its own. "You need to have the human coounication," he says. "Making systems that get warnings to those who need them can be difficult."

“loctions与重大危险的滑坡肯定可以受益于一个机器一样，说：”亚当，专家在英国红十字会。”只要不太多的成本。”但是，波尔特补充说，一个预警系统，可能是不够的。”你需要有人coounication，”他说。”制作系统，得到警告那些谁需要它们是很困难的。”