Redhat6.8搭建python3.7.0环境和配置pip3命令

准备工作

1、创建存放安装包的文件夹

mkdir -p /opt/python

2、所需的python和rpm安装包在这里获取，提取码：94b8
3、上传压缩文件python.zip到/opt/python目录下
4、解压python.zip

unzip python.zip

安装python3所需的rpm包

先进入/opt/python/rpm目录

cd /opt/python/rpm

在rpm安装包目录下按顺序安装以下rpm包

rpm -ivh zlib-devel-1.2.3-29.el6.x86_64.rpm

rpm -ivh bzip2-1.0.5-7.el6_0.x86_64.rpm

rpm -ivh bzip2-devel-1.0.5-7.el6_0.x86_64.rpm

rpm -ivh ncurses-devel-5.7-4.20090207.el6.x86_64.rpm

rpm -ivh readline-devel-6.0-4.el6.x86_64.rpm

rpm -ivh sqlite-3.6.20-1.el6_7.2.x86_64.rpm

rpm -ivh sqlite-devel-3.6.20-1.el6_7.2.x86_64.rpm

rpm -ivh keyutils-libs-devel-1.4-5.el6.x86_64.rpm

rpm -ivh libcom_err-devel-1.41.12-22.el6.x86_64.rpm

rpm -ivh libsepol-devel-2.0.41-4.el6.x86_64.rpm

rpm -ivh pkgconfig-0.23-9.1.el6.x86_64.rpm

rpm -ivh libselinux-devel-2.0.94-7.el6.x86_64.rpm

rpm -ivh krb5-devel-1.10.3-57.el6.x86_64.rpm

rpm -ivh openssl-devel-1.0.1e-48.el6.x86_64.rpm

rpm -ivh xz-4.999.9-0.5.beta.20091007git.el6.x86_64.rpm

rpm -ivh xz-devel-4.999.9-0.5.beta.20091007git.el6.x86_64.rpm

rpm -ivh libffi-devel-3.0.5-3.2.el6.x86_64.rpm

升级openssl

redhat6.8自带的openssl版本过低，不能支持pip3命令，这里升级openssl版本为OpenSSL 1.1.1

进入存放openssl压缩包的目录

cd /opt/python

tar zxvf openssl-1.1.1.tar.gz

cd openssl-1.1.1

./config --prefix=/usr/local/openssl --openssldir=/usr/local/openssl shared zlib

make

make install

mv /usr/bin/openssl /root/

ln -s /usr/local/openssl/bin/openssl /usr/bin/openssl

ln -s /usr/local/openssl/lib/libcrypto.so.1.1 /usr/lib64/libcrypto.so.1.1

ln -s /usr/local/openssl/lib/libssl.so.1.1 /usr/lib64/libssl.so.1.1

源码安装python3.7.0

设置环境变量

echo "export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/usr/local/openssl/lib" >> $HOME/.bash_profile

重新加载使设置的环境变量生效

source $HOME/.bash_profile

进入存放openssl压缩包的目录

cd /opt/python

解压python安装包

tar -zxvf Python-3.7.0.tgz

cd Python-3.7.0

配置编译安装

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/sbin/python-3.7 --with-openssl=/usr/local/openssl

编译

make

安装

make install

验证

/usr/local/sbin/python-3.7/bin/python3

设置软连接

ln -s /usr/local/sbin/python-3.7/bin/python3 /usr/bin/python3

ln -s /usr/local/sbin/python-3.7/bin/pip3 /usr/bin/pip3

再次验证

python3 --version
Python 3.7.0

至此，我们的python3环境就搭建好了。