CountdownLatch

用来进行线程同步协作，等待所有线程完成倒计时。

其中构造参数用来初始化等待计数值，await() 用来等待计数归零，countDown() 用来让计数减一

 public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(3);
        new Thread(() -> {
            log.debug("begin...");
            sleep(1);
            latch.countDown();
            log.debug("end...{}", latch.getCount());
        }).start();
        new Thread(() -> {
            log.debug("begin...");
            sleep(2);
            latch.countDown();
            log.debug("end...{}", latch.getCount());
        }).start();
        new Thread(() -> {
            log.debug("begin...");
            sleep(1.5);
            latch.countDown();
            log.debug("end...{}", latch.getCount());
        }).start();
        log.debug("waiting...");
        latch.await();
        log.debug("wait end...");
    }

输出

18:44:00.778 c.TestCountDownLatch [main] - waiting... 
18:44:00.778 c.TestCountDownLatch [Thread-2] - begin... 
18:44:00.778 c.TestCountDownLatch [Thread-0] - begin... 
18:44:00.778 c.TestCountDownLatch [Thread-1] - begin... 
18:44:01.782 c.TestCountDownLatch [Thread-0] - end...2 
18:44:02.283 c.TestCountDownLatch [Thread-2] - end...1 
18:44:02.782 c.TestCountDownLatch [Thread-1] - end...0 
18:44:02.782 c.TestCountDownLatch [main] - wait end... 

可以配合线程池使用，改进如下

public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(3);
        ExecutorService service = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(4);
        service.submit(() -> {
            log.debug("begin...");
            sleep(1);
            latch.countDown();
            log.debug("end...{}", latch.getCount());
        });
        service.submit(() -> {
            log.debug("begin...");
            sleep(1.5);
            latch.countDown();
            log.debug("end...{}", latch.getCount());
        });
        service.submit(() -> {
            log.debug("begin...");
            sleep(2);
            latch.countDown();
            log.debug("end...{}", latch.getCount());
        });
        service.submit(()->{
            try {
                log.debug("waiting...");
                latch.await();
                log.debug("wait end...");
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        });
    }

输出

18:52:25.831 c.TestCountDownLatch [pool-1-thread-3] - begin... 
18:52:25.831 c.TestCountDownLatch [pool-1-thread-1] - begin... 
18:52:25.831 c.TestCountDownLatch [pool-1-thread-2] - begin... 
18:52:25.831 c.TestCountDownLatch [pool-1-thread-4] - waiting... 
18:52:26.835 c.TestCountDownLatch [pool-1-thread-1] - end...2 
18:52:27.335 c.TestCountDownLatch [pool-1-thread-2] - end...1 
18:52:27.835 c.TestCountDownLatch [pool-1-thread-3] - end...0 
18:52:27.835 c.TestCountDownLatch [pool-1-thread-4] - wait end... 

应用之同步等待多线程准备完毕

 AtomicInteger num = new AtomicInteger(0);
    ExecutorService service = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(10, (r) -> {
        return new Thread(r, "t" + num.getAndIncrement());
    });
    CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(10);
    String[] all = new String[10];
    Random r = new Random();
    for (int j = 0; j < 10; j++) {
            int x = j;
            service.submit(() -> {
                for (int i = 0; i <= 100; i++) {
                    try {
                        Thread.sleep(r.nextInt(100));
                    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    }
                    all[x] = Thread.currentThread().getName() + "(" + (i + "%") + ")";
                    System.out.print("\r" + Arrays.toString(all));
                }
                latch.countDown();
            });
        }
    latch.await();
    System.out.println("\n游戏开始...");
    service.shutdown();

中间输出

[t0(52%), t1(47%), t2(51%), t3(40%), t4(49%), t5(44%), t6(49%), t7(52%), t8(46%), t9(46%)] 

最后输出

[t0(100%), t1(100%), t2(100%), t3(100%), t4(100%), t5(100%), t6(100%), t7(100%), t8(100%), t9(100%)] 
游戏开始... 

应用之同步等待多个远程调用结束

@RestController
public class TestCountDownlatchController {
    @GetMapping("/order/{id}")
    public Map<String, Object> order(@PathVariable int id) {
        HashMap<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
        map.put("id", id);
        map.put("total", "2300.00");
        sleep(2000);
        return map;
    }
    @GetMapping("/product/{id}")
    public Map<String, Object> product(@PathVariable int id) {
        HashMap<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
        if (id == 1) {
            map.put("name", "小爱音箱");
            map.put("price", 300);
        } else if (id == 2) {
            map.put("name", "小米手机");
            map.put("price", 2000);
        }
        map.put("id", id);
        sleep(1000);
        return map;
    }
    @GetMapping("/logistics/{id}")
    public Map<String, Object> logistics(@PathVariable int id) {
        HashMap<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
        map.put("id", id);
        map.put("name", "中通快递");
        sleep(2500);
        return map;
    }
    private void sleep(int millis) {
        try {
            Thread.sleep(millis);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

rest 远程调用

RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate();
        log.debug("begin");
        ExecutorService service = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
        CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(4);
        Future<Map<String,Object>> f1 = service.submit(() -> {
            Map<String, Object> r =
                    restTemplate.getForObject("http://localhost:8080/order/{1}", Map.class, 1);
            return r;
        });
        Future<Map<String, Object>> f2 = service.submit(() -> {
            Map<String, Object> r =
                    restTemplate.getForObject("http://localhost:8080/product/{1}", Map.class, 1);
            return r;
        });
        Future<Map<String, Object>> f3 = service.submit(() -> {
            Map<String, Object> r =
                    restTemplate.getForObject("http://localhost:8080/product/{1}", Map.class, 2);
            return r;
        });
        Future<Map<String, Object>> f4 = service.submit(() -> {
            Map<String, Object> r =
                    restTemplate.getForObject("http://localhost:8080/logistics/{1}", Map.class, 1);
            return r;
        });
        System.out.println(f1.get());
        System.out.println(f2.get());
        System.out.println(f3.get());
        System.out.println(f4.get());
        log.debug("执行完毕");
        service.shutdown();

执行结果

19:51:39.711 c.TestCountDownLatch [main] - begin 
{total=2300.00, id=1} 
{price=300, name=小爱音箱, id=1} 
{price=2000, name=小米手机, id=2} 
{name=中通快递, id=1} 
19:51:42.407 c.TestCountDownLatch [main] - 执行完毕