BeanFactoryPostProcessor和BeanPostProcessor,这两个接口,都是Spring初始化bean时对外暴露的扩展点。两个接口名称看起来很相似,但作用及使用场景却不同,分析如下:
1、BeanFactoryPostProcessor接口
package org.springframework.beans.factory.config;
import org.springframework.beans.BeansException;
@FunctionalInterface
public interface BeanFactoryPostProcessor {
/**
* Modify the application context's internal bean factory after its standard
* initialization. All bean definitions will have been loaded, but no beans
* will have been instantiated yet. This allows for overriding or adding
* properties even to eager-initializing beans.
* @param beanFactory the bean factory used by the application context
* @throws org.springframework.beans.BeansException in case of errors
*/
void postProcessBeanFactory(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) throws BeansException;
}
实现该接口,可以在spring的bean创建之前,修改bean的定义属性。也就是说,Spring允许BeanFactoryPostProcessor在容器实例化任何其它bean之前读取配置元数据,并可以根据需要进行修改
2、BeanPostProcessor接口
package org.springframework.beans.factory.config;
import org.springframework.beans.BeansException;
import org.springframework.lang.Nullable;
public interface BeanPostProcessor {
@Nullable
default Object postProcessBeforeInitialization(Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {
return bean;
}
@Nullable
default Object postProcessAfterInitialization(Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {
return bean;
}
}
BeanPostProcessor,可以在spring容器实例化bean之后,在执行bean的初始化方法前后,添加一些自己的处理逻辑。这里说的初始化方法,指的是下面两种:
1)bean实现了InitializingBean接口,对应的方法为afterPropertiesSet
2)在bean定义的时候,通过init-method设置的方法
注意:BeanPostProcessor是在spring容器加载了bean的定义文件并且实例化bean之后执行的。BeanPostProcessor的执行顺序是在BeanFactoryPostProcessor之后。
spring中,有内置的一些BeanPostProcessor实现类,例如:
org.springframework.context.annotation.CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor:支持@Resource注解的注入
org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.RequiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor:支持@Required注解的注入
org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor:支持@Autowired注解的注入
org.springframework.orm.jpa.support.PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor:支持@PersistenceUnit和@PersistenceContext注解的注入
org.springframework.context.support.ApplicationContextAwareProcessor:用来为bean注入ApplicationContext等容器对象