C#中临界区锁的使用

如果一个线程已经在临界区执行，锁可以确保另一个线程不能进入这个临界区。如果这个线程试图进入一个锁定的代码,它将等待,阻塞,直到该对象被释放。

The lock keyword ensures that one thread does not enter a critical section of code while another thread is in the critical section. If another thread tries to enter a locked code, it will wait, block, until the object is released.

这个例子可以说明临界区锁的使用和效果。在多线程环境下，保证存款不可能变成负数。

C#

    // using System.Threading; 

    class Account
    {
        private Object thisLock = new Object();  //
        int balance;

        Random r = new Random();

        public Account(int initial)
        {
            balance = initial;
        }

        int Withdraw(int amount)
        {

            // This condition never is true unless the lock statement 
            // is commented out. 
            if (balance < 0)
            {
                throw new Exception("Negative Balance");
            }

            // Comment out the next line to see the effect of leaving out  
            // the lock keyword. 
            lock (thisLock)
            {
                if (balance >= amount)
                {
                    Console.WriteLine("Balance before Withdrawal :  " + balance);
                    Console.WriteLine("Amount to Withdraw        : -" + amount);
                    balance = balance - amount;
                    Console.WriteLine("Balance after Withdrawal  :  " + balance);
                    return amount;
                }
                else
                {
                    return 0; // transaction rejected
                }
            }
        }

        public void DoTransactions()
        {
            for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++)
            {
                Withdraw(r.Next(1, 100));
            }
        }
    }

    class Test
    {
        static void Main()
        {
            Thread[] threads = new Thread[10];
            Account acc = new Account(1000);
            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
            {
                Thread t = new Thread(new ThreadStart(acc.DoTransactions));
                threads[i] = t;
            }
            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
            {
                threads[i].Start();
            }
        }
    }

来自：http://msdn.microsoft.com/query/dev11.query?appId=Dev11IDEF1&l=EN-US&k=k(lock_CSharpKeyword);k(TargetFrameworkMoniker-.NETCore,Version%3Dv4.5);k(DevLang-csharp)&rd=true