– Start
点击此处观看本系列配套视频。
如果你有多个配置文件该怎么办呢?很简单,初始化容器时允许我们传入多个文件,下面是一个简单的例子。
首先,定义两个类。
package shangbo.spring.core.example15;
public class OutPutService {
public void outPut(String msg) {
System.out.println(msg);
}
}
package shangbo.spring.core.example15;
public class InPutService {
public String getMessage() {
return "Hello World";
}
}
然后定义两个 XML 配置文件,用来告诉 Spring 需要创建哪些对象以及如何创建对象。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<bean class="shangbo.spring.core.example15.OutPutService"/>
</beans>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<bean class="shangbo.spring.core.example15.InPutService"/>
</beans>
最后定义一个客户端测试类。
package shangbo.spring.core.example15;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
public class App {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// 实例化 Spring IoC 容器,一次读取多个配置文件
ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(new String[] { "example1.xml", "example2.xml" }, InPutService.class);
// 从容器中获得 Service 对象,传统方式是自己 new 对象
InPutService input = context.getBean(InPutService.class);
OutPutService printer = context.getBean(OutPutService.class);
// 使用对象
printer.outPut(input.getMessage());
}
}
除此之外,你还可以使用 import 标签。这样我们只需要传给容器一个配置文件。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<!--
import 表示导入一个配置文件
-->
<import resource="example2.xml"/>
<bean class="shangbo.spring.core.example16.OutPutService"/>
</beans>
package shangbo.spring.core.example16;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
public class App {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// 实例化 Spring IoC 容器
ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("example1.xml", InPutService.class);
// 从容器中获得 Service 对象,传统方式是自己 new 对象
InPutService input = context.getBean(InPutService.class);
OutPutService printer = context.getBean(OutPutService.class);
// 使用对象
printer.outPut(input.getMessage());
}
}
如果使用 Java 配置文件该怎么办呢?
package shangbo.spring.core.example17;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
@Configuration
public class AppConfig1 {
@Bean
public OutPutService outPutService() {
return new OutPutService();
}
}
package shangbo.spring.core.example17;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
@Configuration
public class AppConfig2 {
@Bean
public InPutService inPutService() {
return new InPutService();
}
}
package shangbo.spring.core.example17;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;
public class App {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// 实例化 Spring IoC 容器,一次读取多个Java配置文件
ApplicationContext context = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(AppConfig1.class, AppConfig2.class);
// 从容器中获得 Service 对象,传统方式是自己 new 对象
InPutService input = context.getBean(InPutService.class);
OutPutService printer = context.getBean(OutPutService.class);
// 使用对象
printer.outPut(input.getMessage());
}
}
Java 也可以使用 @import 注解。
package shangbo.spring.core.example18;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Import;
// @Import 导入一个配置类
@Configuration
@Import(value = AppConfig2.class)
public class AppConfig1 {
@Bean
public OutPutService outPutService() {
return new OutPutService();
}
}
package shangbo.spring.core.example18;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
@Configuration
public class AppConfig2 {
@Bean
public InPutService inPutService() {
return new InPutService();
}
}
package shangbo.spring.core.example18;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;
public class App {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// 实例化 Spring IoC 容器
ApplicationContext context = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(AppConfig1.class);
// 从容器中获得 Service 对象,传统方式是自己 new 对象
InPutService input = context.getBean(InPutService.class);
OutPutService printer = context.getBean(OutPutService.class);
// 使用对象
printer.outPut(input.getMessage());
}
}
– 更多参见:Spring Framework 精萃
– 声 明:转载请注明出处
– Last Updated on 2017-06-17
– Written by ShangBo on 2017-05-21
– End