SpringMVC入门与环境搭建

一、什么是MVC

1、Model1

2、Model2

二、SpringMVC概述

1、什么是SpringMVC

（1）Springmvc是一个web层mvc框架，类似struts2

2、SpringMVC执行流程（重点）

三、SpringMVC入门案例

1、导入jar包

2、配置web.xml

<!-- 配置前端控制器 -->
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <!--默认加载配置文件的规范： 
        文件命名：servlet-name-servlet.xml    例如：springmvc-servlet.xml
        路径规范：必须在WEB-INF目录下
     -->
    <!-- 加载配置文件 -->
    <init-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>

3、配置springmvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.2.xsd 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsd">

    <!-- 配置处理器映射器，springmvc默认的处理器映射器BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping:
    根据(自定义Controler)的name属性的url去寻找handler(Action) -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping"/>

    <!-- 配置处理器适配器执行Controller，springmvc默认的是：SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter"/>

    <!-- 自定义Controller -->
    <bean name="/hello.do" class="com.san.controller.MyController"/>

    <!-- 配置springmvc视图解析器，解析逻辑视图 
        后台返回逻辑视图：index
        视图解析器解析出真正的物理视图：前缀+逻辑视图+后缀===>/WEB-INF/jsps/index.jsp
    -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsps/"></property>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
    </bean>
</beans>

4、自定义Controller

public class MyController implements Controller{

    @Override
    public ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest request,
            HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
        ModelAndView mv=new ModelAndView();
        //设置页面回显数据
        mv.addObject("hello","欢迎学习springmvc");
        //返回物理视图
        mv.setViewName("index");
        return mv;
    }

}

6、根据代码分析springmvc执行过程