VCL框架学习之:从传统WindowsAPI到面向对象的消息分派实现

/*传统Windows消息机制*/
//创建一个Windows窗口,在其中创建Edit控件：
Function WindowProc(Window:HWnd;AMessage:UINT;Wparam:WPARAM;Lparam:LPARAM):LRESULT;stdcall;export;
Begin
                    //仅有一个窗口回调函数(即当前函数)处理所有消息(窗体消息或Eidt控件消息)
                    //消息回环
                    Case AMessage Of:
                    Case xxx:
                    Case xxx:
                    End ;
                    //无法处置的消息交由默认处理方法处理
                    WindowProc:= DefWindowProc(window,Amessage,Wparam,Lparam);
                    //创建Eidt控件时以包含Eidt控件的Handle作为父窗体参数
                    HWindow := WinCreate;
                    Hedi := EditCreate(HWindow,Hstatus);
                    SetFocus(Hedit);
                    While GetMessage(@AMessage,0,0,0) Do
                    Begin
                      //继续下一轮的消息分发
                    TranslateMessage(AMessage);
                    DispatchMessage(AMessage);
                    End;
End;
Function EditCreate（ParentWindow，Status：HWnd）：HWnd；
Begin
                    //绘制一个Eidt
End;
/*面对对象消息机制*/
//继承层次：
TObject
TWinControl.WndProc(var Message:TMessage);Virtual;
TEdit.WndProc(var Message:TMessage);Override;
//分发机制:
Var 
                    aControl:TWinControl;
Begin
                    …
                    GetWindowMessage(Message);
                    aControl : = GetTargetControl(Message);
                    aControl.WndProc(Message);
                    …
End;
/*从窗口回调函数到面向对象的类方法*/
Function WindowProc(…)//开放此函数被Windows操作系统调用
Var
                    …
Begin
                    …
                    Control := FindControl(ControlHandle);
                    Push EAX,Self //将对象地址推入堆栈
                    Control.WndProc(Message);//调用消息处理方法
                     …
End;
/*如何实现消息分派服务*/
TObject = class
                    …
                    Procedure Dispatch(var Message);virtual;//消息分派
                    Procedure DefaultHandler(var Message);virtual;
                    …
End;
/*从Application.Run说起*/
Application.Initialize;①
Application.CreateForm(TForm,Form1);②
Application.Run;③
①应用程序启动时将会调用如下代码:
Application := Application.Create(nil);

//类型声明
TApplication = class(TComponent)
Var 
                    Private
                     …
                    FHandle:HWnd; 
                    ..
                    FObjectInstance:Pointer;
End;
//构造函数
Constructor TApplication.Create(AOwner:TComponet);
Var 
                    If not IsLibrary then CreateHandle;
End ;
Procedure TApplication.CreateHandle;
Var

 Begin
                    …
                    //获得WndProc地址
                    FobjectInstance := Classes.MakeObjectInstance(WndProc);
                    //创建一个大小为0的隐藏窗口
                    FHandle:=CreateWindow(….);
                    …
                    //重新设定窗口回调函数为指定地址
                    SetWindowLong（FHandle,GWL_WNDPROC,Longint(FObjectInstance)）；
                    …
                    //WndProc成为隐藏窗口的默认回调函数
End ;
Procedure TApplication.WndProc(var Message:TMessage);
Var
Begin
                     …
                     //消息回环
                     With Message do
                     Case Msg of 
                      …
                      WM_CLOSE:
                      //控制主窗体的关闭
                       If MainForm <> nil then MainForm.Close;
                      …
                      CM_ACTIVATE:
                       //与事件响应挂接
                      If Assigned(FOnActiveate) then FOnActivete(Self);
                      …
                     End; 
                     …
End;
③应用程序启动后
Procedure TApplication.Run
                     …
                     Repeat
                      HandleMessage;//完成消息分发
                      … 
                     End;
End;
Procedure TApplication.HandleMessage;
                     …
                     ProcessMessage(Msg)
                     …
End ;
Procedure TApplication.ProcessMessage(var Msg:TMsg):Boolean;
 Var
                     …
 Begin
                      …
                      If Assigned(FOnMessage) then FOnMessage(Msg,Hanled);
                      …
                      Begin
                       //消息分发
                       TranslateMessage(Msg);
                       DispatchMessage(Msg);
                      End ;
                      …
End;
②应用程序创建Form
Procedure TApplication.CreateForm(InstanceClass：TComponentClass;var Reference);
Var
                     Instance：TComponent
Begin
                     Instance := TComponent(InstanceClass.NewInstance);
                     TComponent(Reference) := Instance;
                     ..
                     Instance.Create(Self);
                     //创建新对象,尚未创建实际的窗口控件
                     Instance.Create(Self);④
                     …
                     If (FMainForm = nil) and( Instance is TForm) then
                     Begin
                      //暗示开始调用Window API 创建窗口并取得窗口的Handle值
                      TForm(Instance).HandleNeeded;
                      FMainForm := TForm(Instance);
                     End;
                     …
End;
由④导出的事件
//由TForm到TWincontrol继承链条引发TWinControl.Create调用
Constructor TWinControl.Create(AOwner:TComponent)；
Begin
                     Inherited Create(AOwner);//父类构造调用
                     …
                     //获得回调函数MainWndProc入口地址
                     FObjectInstance:=Classes.MakeObjectInstance(MainWndProc); 
                     …
End ;
//继续Procedure TApplication.CreateForm的讨论：
Procedure TWinControl.HandleNeeded;
Begin
                     …
                     CreateHandle;
                     …
End;
Procedure TWinControl.CreateHandle;//virtual
Begin
                     …
                     CreateWnd; 
                     …
End;
Procedure TWincontrol.CreateWnd;//virtual
Begin
                     …
                     //属性设置
                     CreateParams(Params);// virtual，可由继承重写实现窗口属性自定义
                     …
                     WindowClass.lpszClassName := @InitWndProc;//将InitWndProc设置为窗体创建的窗口控件的回调函数
                     …
                     //根据设定的窗口类信息调用API来创建窗体封装的窗口控件
                     CreateWindowHandle(Params);
                     …
End;
Procedure TWinControl.CreateWindowHandle(const Params:TCreateParams)
Begin
                     …
                     With Params do
                     FHandle := CreateWindowEx(……);//调用API创建窗口
End ;
Function InitWndPro(HWindow:Hwnd;….) //让Windows操作系统能够调用到Framework中处理窗口消息的类方法的轴心函数
Begin
                     …
                     CreationControl.FHandle := HWindow;
                     // CreationControl已被自动设置为当前正在创建的控件，也正是窗口消息的目的控件
                     //重新设置MainWndPro为窗体的回调函数
                     SetWindowLong(HWindow,GWL_WNDPROC,Longint(CreationControl.FObjectInstance));
                     …
                     Asm:
                      PUSH LParam
                      PUSH WParam
                      PUSH Message
                      PUSH HWindow
                      MOV EXA,CreationControl //将处理窗口消息的控件推入栈中
                      MOV CreationControl,0
                      CALL [EAX].TWinControl.FObjectInstance //调用该控件的窗口回调函数
                      MOV Result,EAX
                     End ;
End ;
Procedure TWinControl.MainWndProc(var Message:TMessage)
Begin
                     WindowProc（Message）;//在TControl.Create中WindowProc被指定成为类成员方法WndProc
                     …
End;
Procedure TWinControl.WndProc(var Message:TMessage)
Begin
                     …
                     Inherited WndProc(Message);
End;
Procedure TControl.WndProc(var Message:TMessage)
Begin
                     …
                     //消息处理
                     …
                     //消息分派
                     Dispatch(Message);
End;