Linux 查看系统硬件信息(实例详解)

最新推荐文章于 2021-06-08 14:23:41 发布

shen1936

最新推荐文章于 2021-06-08 14:23:41 发布

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linux查看系统的硬件信息，并不像windows那么直观，这里我罗列了查看系统信息的实用命令，并做了分类，实例解说。

cpu

lscpu命令，查看的是cpu的统计信息.

[root@localhost ~]# lscpu
Architecture:          x86_64
CPU op-mode(s):        32-bit, 64-bit
Byte Order:            Little Endian
CPU(s):                8
On-line CPU(s) list:   0-7
Thread(s) per core:    1
Core(s) per socket:    1
Socket(s):             8
NUMA node(s):          1
Vendor ID:             GenuineIntel
CPU family:            6
Model:                 13
Stepping:              3
CPU MHz:               2133.306
BogoMIPS:              4266.61
Hypervisor vendor:     KVM
Virtualization type:   full
L1d cache:             32K
L1i cache:             32K
L2 cache:              4096K
NUMA node0 CPU(s):     0-7

查看/proc/cpuinfo,可以知道每个cpu信息，如每个CPU的型号，主频等。

[root@localhost ~]# cat /proc/cpuinfo 
processor	: 0
vendor_id	: GenuineIntel
cpu family	: 6
model		: 13
model name	: QEMU Virtual CPU version (cpu64-rhel6)
stepping	: 3
cpu MHz		: 2133.306
cache size	: 4096 KB
fpu		: yes
fpu_exception	: yes
cpuid level	: 4
wp		: yes
flags		: fpu de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pse36 clflush mmx fxsr sse sse2 syscall nx lm unfair_spinlock pni cx16 hypervisor lahf_lm
bogomips	: 4266.61
clflush size	: 64
cache_alignment	: 64
address sizes	: 40 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
power management:

上面输出的是第一个cpu部分信息，还有3个cpu信息省略了。

内存

概要查看内存情况

<pre name="code" class="plain">[root@localhost ~]# free -m
             total       used       free     shared    buffers     cached
Mem:         11910      10319       1591          0        130       8786
-/+ buffers/cache:       1402      10508
Swap:         4095          0       4095

[root@localhost ~]# cat /proc/meminfo 
MemTotal:       12196076 kB
MemFree:         1629076 kB
Buffers:          133660 kB
Cached:          8997848 kB
SwapCached:            0 kB
Active:          6186184 kB
Inactive:        3956004 kB
Active(anon):    1001744 kB
Inactive(anon):     9192 kB
Active(file):    5184440 kB
Inactive(file):  3946812 kB
Unevictable:           0 kB
Mlocked:               0 kB
SwapTotal:       4194296 kB
SwapFree:        4194296 kB
Dirty:               288 kB
Writeback:             0 kB
AnonPages:       1010808 kB
Mapped:            22544 kB
Shmem:               200 kB
Slab:             312636 kB
SReclaimable:     285000 kB
SUnreclaim:        27636 kB
KernelStack:        4376 kB
PageTables:         5156 kB
NFS_Unstable:          0 kB
Bounce:                0 kB
WritebackTmp:          0 kB
CommitLimit:    10292332 kB
Committed_AS:    1343144 kB
VmallocTotal:   34359738367 kB
VmallocUsed:       42268 kB
VmallocChunk:   34359633648 kB
HardwareCorrupted:     0 kB
AnonHugePages:    923648 kB
HugePages_Total:       0
HugePages_Free:        0
HugePages_Rsvd:        0
HugePages_Surp:        0
Hugepagesize:       2048 kB
DirectMap4k:        8180 kB
DirectMap2M:    12574720 kB

磁盘

查看硬盘和分区分布

[root@localhost discount-serv-1.0]# lsblk
NAME   MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda      8:0    0   1.4T  0 disk 
└─sda1   8:1    0   1.4T  0 part /home
sdb      8:16   0 298.1G  0 disk 
├─sdb1   8:17   0   200M  0 part /boot
├─sdb2   8:18   0  15.6G  0 part [SWAP]
└─sdb3   8:19   0 282.3G  0 part /
sr0     11:0    1  1024M  0 rom

显示很直观

如果要看硬盘和分区的详细信息

[root@localhost discount-serv-1.0]# fdisk -l

WARNING: GPT (GUID Partition Table) detected on '/dev/sda'! The util fdisk doesn't support GPT. Use GNU Parted.


Disk /dev/sda: 1500.3 GB, 1500301910016 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 182401 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1               1      182401  1465136001   83  Linux

WARNING: GPT (GUID Partition Table) detected on '/dev/sdb'! The util fdisk doesn't support GPT. Use GNU Parted.


Disk /dev/sdb: 320.1 GB, 320072933376 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 38913 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0xb0000000

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sdb1               1       38914   312571223+  ee  GPT

网卡

查看网卡硬件信息

[root@localhost discount-serv-1.0]# ifconfig -a
lo        Link encap:Local Loopback  
          inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0
          inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
          UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:16436  Metric:1
          RX packets:4029764 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:4029764 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 
          RX bytes:329074012 (313.8 MiB)  TX bytes:329074012 (313.8 MiB)

p3p1      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 78:2B:CB:8E:38:2B  
          inet addr:192.168.5.128  Bcast:192.168.5.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          inet6 addr: fe80::7a2b:cbff:fe8e:382b/64 Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:132777547 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:146479184 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 
          RX bytes:27567435578 (25.6 GiB)  TX bytes:27865075189 (25.9 GiB)
          Interrupt:19

其他

查看pci信息，即主板所有硬件槽信息。

lspci
00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation 2nd Generation Core Processor Family DRAM Controller (rev 09) #主板芯片
00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation 2nd Generation Core Processor Family Integrated Graphics Controller (rev 09) #显卡
00:14.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation Panther Point USB xHCI Host Controller (rev 04) #usb控制器
00:16.0 Communication controller: Intel Corporation Panther Point MEI Controller #1 (rev 04)
00:1a.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation Panther Point USB Enhanced Host Controller #2 (rev 04)
00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation Panther Point High Definition Audio Controller (rev 04) #声卡
00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Panther Point PCI Express Root Port 1 (rev c4) #pci 插槽
00:1c.2 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Panther Point PCI Express Root Port 3 (rev c4)
00:1c.3 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Panther Point PCI Express Root Port 4 (rev c4)
00:1d.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation Panther Point USB Enhanced Host Controller #1 (rev 04)
00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation Panther Point LPC Controller (rev 04)
00:1f.2 IDE interface: Intel Corporation Panther Point 4 port SATA Controller [IDE mode] (rev 04) #硬盘接口
00:1f.3 SMBus: Intel Corporation Panther Point SMBus Controller (rev 04)
00:1f.5 IDE interface: Intel Corporation Panther Point 2 port SATA Controller [IDE mode] (rev 04) #硬盘接口
02:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168B PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet controller (rev 06) #网卡
03:00.0 PCI bridge: Integrated Technology Express, Inc. Device 8893 (rev 41)