Hibernate学习(3) (继承映射,配置文件和注解版)

最新推荐文章于 2024-06-25 10:21:00 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-06-25 10:21:00 发布

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分类专栏： hibernate学习笔记文章标签： hibernate 数据库

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/shengge01/article/details/72790985

版权

本文详细介绍了Hibernate中如何处理内存对象的继承关系映射到数据库，包括MappedSuperclass、Single Table、Joined Table和Table per Class四种策略。每种策略的特点和优缺点进行了分析，例如单表映射可能导致数据冗余，而 Joined Table 在数据量大时可能影响性能。文章以官方示例和注解配置文件为载体，深入讲解了各种映射方式的实现方法。

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这篇blog准备写怎样在Hibernate中反应内存对象之间的继承关系.我们知道,内存对象之间是可以有继承关系的,但是在数据库中,我们继承神马的都是浮云,不存在的.那么怎么办呢?Hibernate提供了继承关系映射!(其实就是帮你把原来的一个类以一种特定的方式存储在数据库中.)
我们以官方的例子为例:
这里写图片描述
分为四种方式:
1. MappedSuperclass
被继承的表在数据库中不映射.

    @MappedSuperclass
public static class Account {
   

    @Id
    private Long id;

    private String owner;

    private BigDecimal balance;

    private BigDecimal interestRate;

    public Long getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getOwner() {
        return owner;
    }

    public void setOwner(String owner) {
        this.owner = owner;
    }

    public BigDecimal getBalance() {
        return balance;
    }

    public void setBalance(BigDecimal balance) {
        this.balance = balance;
    }

    public BigDecimal getInterestRate() {
        return interestRate;
    }

    public void setInterestRate(BigDecimal interestRate) {
        this.interestRate = interestRate;
    }
}

@Entity(name = "DebitAccount")
public static class DebitAccount extends Account {
   

    private BigDecimal overdraftFee;

    public BigDecimal getOverdraftFee() {
        return overdraftFee;
    }

    public void setOverdraftFee(BigDecimal overdraftFee) {
        this.overdraftFee = overdraftFee;
    }
}

@Entity(name = "CreditAccount")
public static class CreditAccount extends Account {
   

    private BigDecimal creditLimit;

    public BigDecimal getCreditLimit() {
        return creditLimit;
    }

    public void setCreditLimit(BigDecimal creditLimit) {
        this.creditLimit = creditLimit;
    }
}

CREATE TABLE DebitAccount (
    id BIGINT NOT NULL ,
    balance NUMERIC(19, 2) ,
    interestRate NUMERIC(19, 2) ,
    owner VARCHAR(255) ,
    overdraftFee NUMERIC(19, 2) ,
    PRIMARY KEY ( id )
)

CREATE TABLE CreditAccount (
    id BIGINT NOT NULL ,
    balance NUMERIC(19, 2) ,
    interestRate NUMERIC(19, 2) ,
    owner VARCHAR(255) ,
    creditLimit NUMERIC(19, 2) ,
    PRIMARY KEY ( id )
)

没有创建Acount表,但是Account的属性在每个子类的数据库表中都存在.
2. Single table
单表映射,所有的类映射到数据库中的一个表
Annotation版本:

@Entity(name = "Account")
@Inheritance(strategy = InheritanceType.SINGLE_TABLE)
public static class Account {
   

    @Id
    private Long id;

    private String owner;

    private BigDecimal balance;

    private BigDecimal interestRate;

    public Long getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getOwner() {
        return owner;
    }

    public void setOwner(String owner) {
        this.owner = owner;
    }

    public BigDecimal getBalance() {
        return balance;
    }

    public void setBalance(BigDecimal balance) {
        this.balance = balance;
    }

    public BigDecimal getInterestRate() {
        return interestRate;
    }

    public void setInterestRate(BigDecimal interestRate) {
        this.interestRate = interestRate;
    }
}

@Entity(name = "DebitAccount")
public static class DebitAccount extends Account {
   

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