Cortex-m3启动代码分析笔记及增添

最新推荐文章于 2024-02-15 20:53:51 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-02-15 20:53:51 发布

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Cortex-m3启动代码分析笔记http://www.360doc.com/content/10/0710/11/1090703_38022505.shtml

Heap(堆dui),Stack(栈zhan)

启动代码文件名是STM32F10X.S，它的作用先总结下，然后再分析。启动代码作用一般是：1）堆和栈的初始化；2）向量表定义；3）地址重映射及中断向量表的转移；

4）设置系统时钟频率；5）中断寄存器的初始化；6）进入C应用程序。

（1）按启动代码的次序，先看堆和栈的初始化：

Stack_Size EQU 0x00000200 ；定义Stack_Size为0x00000200

AREA STACK, NOINIT, READWRITE, ALIGN=3 ；定义栈，可初始为0，8字节对齐

Stack_Mem SPACE Stack_Size ；分配0x200个连续字节，并初始化为0

__initial_sp ；汇编代码地址标号

Heap_Size EQU 0x00000000

AREA HEAP, NOINIT, READWRITE, ALIGN=3

__heap_base

Heap_Mem SPACE Heap_Size
__heap_limit

PRESERVE8 ；指定当前文件堆栈8字节对齐

THUMB ；告诉汇编器下面是32为的Thumb指令，如果需要汇编器将插入位以保证对齐

（2）中断向量表定义

AREA RESET, DATA, READONLY ;AREA定义RESET复位向量段，READONLY只读

EXPORT __Vectors ；定义一个可以在其他文件中使用的全局标号。此处表示中断地址

__Vectors DCD __initial_sp ; 给__initial_sp分配4字节32位的地址0x0

DCD Reset_Handler ; 给标号Reset Handler分配地址为0x00000004

DCD NMI_Handler ; 给标号NMI Handler分配地址0x00000008

DCD HardFault_Handler ; Hard Fault Handler

DCD MemManage_Handler ; MPU Fault Handler

DCD BusFault_Handler ; Bus Fault Handler

DCD UsageFault_Handler ; Usage Fault Handler

                DCD     0                         ; 这种形式就是保留地址，不给任何标号分配
                DCD     0                         ; Reserved
                DCD     0                         ; Reserved
                DCD     0                         ; Reserved
                DCD     SVC_Handler               ; SVCall Handler
                DCD     DebugMon_Handler          ; Debug Monitor Handler
                DCD     0                         ; Reserved
                DCD     PendSV_Handler            ; PendSV Handler
                DCD     SysTick_Handler           ; SysTick Handler

; External Interrupts

DCD WWDG_IRQHandler ; Window Watchdog

DCD PVD_IRQHandler ; PVD through EXTI Line detect

DCD TAMPER_IRQHandler ; Tamper

DCD RTC_IRQHandler ; RTC

DCD FLASH_IRQHandler ; Flash

DCD RCC_IRQHandler ; RCC

DCD EXTI0_IRQHandler ; EXTI Line 0

                DCD     EXTI1_IRQHandler          ; EXTI Line 1
                DCD     EXTI2_IRQHandler          ; EXTI Line 2
                DCD     EXTI3_IRQHandler          ; EXTI Line 3
                DCD     EXTI4_IRQHandler          ; EXTI Line 4

                DCD     DMAChannel1_IRQHandler    ; DMA Channel 1
                DCD     DMAChannel2_IRQHandler    ; DMA Channel 2
                DCD     DMAChannel3_IRQHandler    ; DMA Channel 3
                DCD     DMAChannel4_IRQHandler    ; DMA Channel 4
                DCD     DMAChannel5_IRQHandler    ; DMA Channel 5
                DCD     DMAChannel6_IRQHandler    ; DMA Channel 6
                DCD     DMAChannel7_IRQHandler    ; DMA Channel 7
                DCD     ADC_IRQHandler            ; ADC

DCD USB_HP_CAN_TX_IRQHandler ; USB High Priority or CAN TX
DCD USB_LP_CAN_RX0_IRQHandler ; USB Low Priority or CAN RX0

DCD CAN_RX1_IRQHandler ; CAN RX1
DCD CAN_SCE_IRQHandler ; CAN SCE

DCD EXTI9_5_IRQHandler ; EXTI Line 9..5

                DCD     TIM1_BRK_IRQHandler       ; TIM1 Break
                DCD     TIM1_UP_IRQHandler        ; TIM1 Update
                DCD     TIM1_TRG_COM_IRQHandler   ; TIM1 Trigger and Commutation
                DCD     TIM1_CC_IRQHandler        ; TIM1 Capture Compare
                DCD     TIM2_IRQHandler           ; TIM2
                DCD     TIM3_IRQHandler           ; TIM3
                DCD     TIM4_IRQHandler           ; TIM4

                DCD     I2C1_EV_IRQHandler        ; I2C1 Event
                DCD     I2C1_ER_IRQHandler        ; I2C1 Error
                DCD     I2C2_EV_IRQHandler        ; I2C2 Event
                DCD     I2C2_ER_IRQHandler        ; I2C2 Error

DCD SPI1_IRQHandler ; SPI1
DCD SPI2_IRQHandler ; SPI2

                DCD     USART1_IRQHandler         ; USART1
                DCD     USART2_IRQHandler         ; USART2
                DCD     USART3_IRQHandler         ; USART3

DCD EXTI15_10_IRQHandler ; EXTI Line 15..10

DCD RTCAlarm_IRQHandler ; RTC Alarm through EXTI Line

DCD USBWakeUp_IRQHandler ; USB Wakeup from suspend

（3）中断向量表的转移

AREA |.text|, CODE, READONLY ；CODE代码段AREA定义

; Reset Handler复位中断

Reset_Handler PROC ；标记一个函数的开始

EXPORT Reset_Handler [WEAK]；[WEAK] 选项表示当所有的源文件都没有定义这样一个标号时，编译器也不给出错误信息，在多数情况下将该标号置为 0

，若该标号为 B 或 BL 指令引用，则将 B 或 BL指令置为 NOP 操作。EXPORT提示编译器该标号可以为外部文件引用。

IMPORT __main ;通知编译器要使用的标号在其他文件

LDR R0, =__main；使用“=”表示LDR目前是伪指令不是标准指令。这里是把__main的地址给RO。

BX R0；BX是ARM指令集和THUMB指令集之间程序的跳转

ENDP

; Dummy Exception Handlers (infinite loops which can be modified)

NMI_Handler m ;"m"其实就是PROC表示汇编函数的开始

EXPORT NMI_Handler [WEAK]

B .

ENDP

HardFault_Handler\ ;"\"是换行的意思

PROC

EXPORT HardFault_Handler [WEAK]

B . ;"."号到底是什么含义呢，目前还没查到资料。可能是保留地址，供以后修改的吧

ENDP
MemManage_Handler\

PROC

EXPORT MemManage_Handler [WEAK]

B .

                ENDP
BusFault_Handler\
                PROC
                EXPORT  BusFault_Handler          [WEAK]
                B       .
                ENDP
UsageFault_Handler\
                PROC
                EXPORT  UsageFault_Handler        [WEAK]
                B       .
                ENDP
SVC_Handler     PROC
                EXPORT  SVC_Handler               [WEAK]
                B       .
                ENDP
DebugMon_Handler\
                PROC
                EXPORT  DebugMon_Handler          [WEAK]
                B       .
                ENDP
PendSV_Handler  PROC
                EXPORT  PendSV_Handler            [WEAK]
                B       .
                ENDP
SysTick_Handler PROC
                EXPORT  SysTick_Handler           [WEAK]
                B       .
                ENDP

Default_Handler PROC

EXPORT WWDG_IRQHandler [WEAK]

EXPORT PVD_IRQHandler [WEAK]

EXPORT TAMPER_IRQHandler [WEAK]

EXPORT RTC_IRQHandler [WEAK]

EXPORT FLASH_IRQHandler [WEAK]

                EXPORT  RCC_IRQHandler            [WEAK]
                EXPORT  EXTI0_IRQHandler          [WEAK]
                EXPORT  EXTI1_IRQHandler          [WEAK]
                EXPORT  EXTI2_IRQHandler          [WEAK]
                EXPORT  EXTI3_IRQHandler          [WEAK]
                EXPORT  EXTI4_IRQHandler          [WEAK]

                EXPORT  DMAChannel1_IRQHandler    [WEAK]
                EXPORT  DMAChannel2_IRQHandler    [WEAK]
                EXPORT  DMAChannel3_IRQHandler    [WEAK]
                EXPORT  DMAChannel4_IRQHandler    [WEAK]
                EXPORT  DMAChannel5_IRQHandler    [WEAK]
                EXPORT  DMAChannel6_IRQHandler    [WEAK]
                EXPORT  DMAChannel7_IRQHandler    [WEAK]

EXPORT ADC_IRQHandler [WEAK]

EXPORT USB_HP_CAN_TX_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT USB_LP_CAN_RX0_IRQHandler [WEAK]

EXPORT CAN_RX1_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT CAN_SCE_IRQHandler [WEAK]

EXPORT EXTI9_5_IRQHandler [WEAK]

                EXPORT  TIM1_BRK_IRQHandler       [WEAK]
                EXPORT  TIM1_UP_IRQHandler        [WEAK]
                EXPORT  TIM1_TRG_COM_IRQHandler   [WEAK]
                EXPORT  TIM1_CC_IRQHandler        [WEAK]
                EXPORT  TIM2_IRQHandler           [WEAK]
                EXPORT  TIM3_IRQHandler           [WEAK]
                EXPORT  TIM4_IRQHandler           [WEAK]

                EXPORT  I2C1_EV_IRQHandler        [WEAK]
                EXPORT  I2C1_ER_IRQHandler        [WEAK]
                EXPORT  I2C2_EV_IRQHandler        [WEAK]
                EXPORT  I2C2_ER_IRQHandler        [WEAK]

EXPORT SPI1_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT SPI2_IRQHandler [WEAK]

                EXPORT  USART1_IRQHandler         [WEAK]
                EXPORT  USART2_IRQHandler         [WEAK]
                EXPORT  USART3_IRQHandler         [WEAK]

EXPORT EXTI15_10_IRQHandler [WEAK]

EXPORT RTCAlarm_IRQHandler [WEAK]

EXPORT USBWakeUp_IRQHandler [WEAK]

WWDG_IRQHandler

PVD_IRQHandler

TAMPER_IRQHandler

RTC_IRQHandler

FLASH_IRQHandler

RCC_IRQHandler

EXTI0_IRQHandler
EXTI1_IRQHandler
EXTI2_IRQHandler
EXTI3_IRQHandler
EXTI4_IRQHandler

DMAChannel1_IRQHandler
DMAChannel2_IRQHandler
DMAChannel3_IRQHandler
DMAChannel4_IRQHandler
DMAChannel5_IRQHandler
DMAChannel6_IRQHandler
DMAChannel7_IRQHandler

ADC_IRQHandler

USB_HP_CAN_TX_IRQHandler
USB_LP_CAN_RX0_IRQHandler

CAN_RX1_IRQHandler
CAN_SCE_IRQHandler

EXTI9_5_IRQHandler

TIM1_BRK_IRQHandler
TIM1_UP_IRQHandler
TIM1_TRG_COM_IRQHandler
TIM1_CC_IRQHandler
TIM2_IRQHandler
TIM3_IRQHandler
TIM4_IRQHandler

I2C1_EV_IRQHandler
I2C1_ER_IRQHandler
I2C2_EV_IRQHandler
I2C2_ER_IRQHandler

SPI1_IRQHandler
SPI2_IRQHandler

USART1_IRQHandler
USART2_IRQHandler
USART3_IRQHandler

EXTI15_10_IRQHandler

RTCAlarm_IRQHandler

USBWakeUp_IRQHandler

B .

ENDP
ALIGN

（4）堆和栈的初始化

IF      :DEF:__MICROLIB        ；“DEF”的用法——:DEF:X 就是说X定义了则为真，否则为假

                EXPORT  __initial_sp       ；堆初始化地址
                EXPORT  __heap_base
                EXPORT  __heap_limit

ELSE   ；栈初始化地址

                IMPORT  __use_two_region_memory
                EXPORT  __user_initial_stackheap
__user_initial_stackheap

                LDR     R0, =  Heap_Mem
                LDR     R1, =(Stack_Mem + Stack_Size)
                LDR     R2, = (Heap_Mem +  Heap_Size)
                LDR     R3, = Stack_Mem
                BX      LR