一、数组复制的三种方式
String[] a = {"1", "2", "3", "4", "5"};
// 方法一
// Arrays.copyOf()
String[] b = Arrays.copyOf(a, a.length);
System.out.println("Arrays.copyOf(): " + Arrays.toString(b));
// 方法二
// Object.clone()
String[] c = a.clone();
System.out.println("Object.clone(): " + Arrays.toString(c));
// 方法三
// System.arraycopy()
String[] s = new String[a.length];
System.arraycopy(a, 0, s, 0, a.length);
System.out.println("System.arraycopy(): " + Arrays.toString(s));
解释:
方法一:使用 Array.copyof()
源码解读:方法需要两个参数 ,1)original : 要被复制的目标数组。 2)newLength:新数组的长度,意思就是,可以复制目标数组的0~original.length 部分。
![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200804091515752.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3NoZW5qdTIwMTE=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)
方法二: 使用 Object.clone()
要求被复制的对象实现Cloneable(implements Cloneable )才可以复制,否则会抛出CloneNotSupportedException 异常,好在Java中数组实现了Cloneable ,但是Map和List是没有实现的。
方法三: 使用 System.arraycopy(), 看一下jdk1.8的api
/**
* Copies an array from the specified source array, beginning at the
* specified position, to the specified position of the destination array.
* A subsequence of array components are copied from the source
* array referenced by <code>src</code> to the destination array
* referenced by <code>dest</code>. The number of components copied is
* equal to the <code>length</code> argument. The components at
* positions <code>srcPos</code> through
* <code>srcPos+length-1</code> in the source array are copied into
* positions <code>destPos</code> through
* <code>destPos+length-1</code>, respectively, of the destination
* array.
* <p>
* If the <code>src</code> and <code>dest</code> arguments refer to the
* same array object, then the copying is performed as if the
* components at positions <code>srcPos</code> through
* <code>srcPos+length-1</code> were first copied to a temporary
* array with <code>length</code> components and then the contents of
* the temporary array were copied into positions
* <code>destPos</code> through <code>destPos+length-1</code> of the
* destination array.
* <p>
* If <code>dest</code> is <code>null</code>, then a
* <code>NullPointerException</code> is thrown.
* <p>
* If <code>src</code> is <code>null</code>, then a
* <code>NullPointerException</code> is thrown and the destination
* array is not modified.
* <p>
* Otherwise, if any of the following is true, an
* <code>ArrayStoreException</code> is thrown and the destination is
* not modified:
* <ul>
* <li>The <code>src</code> argument refers to an object that is not an
* array.
* <li>The <code>dest</code> argument refers to an object that is not an
* array.
* <li>The <code>src</code> argument and <code>dest</code> argument refer
* to arrays whose component types are different primitive types.
* <li>The <code>src</code> argument refers to an array with a primitive
* component type and the <code>dest</code> argument refers to an array
* with a reference component type.
* <li>The <code>src</code> argument refers to an array with a reference
* component type and the <code>dest</code> argument refers to an array
* with a primitive component type.
* </ul>
* <p>
* Otherwise, if any of the following is true, an
* <code>IndexOutOfBoundsException</code> is
* thrown and the destination is not modified:
* <ul>
* <li>The <code>srcPos</code> argument is negative.
* <li>The <code>destPos</code> argument is negative.
* <li>The <code>length</code> argument is negative.
* <li><code>srcPos+length</code> is greater than
* <code>src.length</code>, the length of the source array.
* <li><code>destPos+length</code> is greater than
* <code>dest.length</code>, the length of the destination array.
* </ul>
* <p>
* Otherwise, if any actual component of the source array from
* position <code>srcPos</code> through
* <code>srcPos+length-1</code> cannot be converted to the component
* type of the destination array by assignment conversion, an
* <code>ArrayStoreException</code> is thrown. In this case, let
* <b><i>k</i></b> be the smallest nonnegative integer less than
* length such that <code>src[srcPos+</code><i>k</i><code>]</code>
* cannot be converted to the component type of the destination
* array; when the exception is thrown, source array components from
* positions <code>srcPos</code> through
* <code>srcPos+</code><i>k</i><code>-1</code>
* will already have been copied to destination array positions
* <code>destPos</code> through
* <code>destPos+</code><i>k</I><code>-1</code> and no other
* positions of the destination array will have been modified.
* (Because of the restrictions already itemized, this
* paragraph effectively applies only to the situation where both
* arrays have component types that are reference types.)
*
* @param src the source array.
* @param srcPos starting position in the source array.
* @param dest the destination array.
* @param destPos starting position in the destination data.
* @param length the number of array elements to be copied.
* @exception IndexOutOfBoundsException if copying would cause
* access of data outside array bounds.
* @exception ArrayStoreException if an element in the <code>src</code>
* array could not be stored into the <code>dest</code> array
* because of a type mismatch.
* @exception NullPointerException if either <code>src</code> or
* <code>dest</code> is <code>null</code>.
*/
public static native void arraycopy(Object src, int srcPos,
Object dest, int destPos,
int length);
注释就不解释了,说一下参数:
*@param src源数组。
*源数组中的@param srcPos起始位置。
*@param dest目标数组。
*@param destPos目标数据中的起始位置。
*@param length要复制的数组元素数。
扩展:
问:这三种方法,哪个最佳呢?
搭:建议使用 System.arraycopy(), 仔细看api你会发现 Arrays.copyof() 里面又调用了 copyof() 方法,进入copyof你会发现 用的还是System.arraycopy()