实验报告八

1.实验名称 抽象类与接口

2.实验目的(1)熟练掌握抽象类及接口的定义及使用;(2)掌握多态的含义,学会在实际应用中使用多态;(3)理解接口回调的含义,学会在实际应用中使用。

3.训练知识点集群(1)抽象类(定义,使用,方法重写,多态的实现等)(2)接口(定义,使用,方法重写,多态的实现,接口回调)

4.实验内容

内容1:利用抽象类和多态的知识完成宠物商店宠物的“自我介绍”程序。

要求:设计一个模拟发声器,可以根据输入的类型输出对应的宠物的信息。

输出格式为:我是一只狗。我叫乐乐,是一只黑色的牧羊犬。我会汪汪汪…。

我是一只猫。我叫咪咪,是一只白色的波斯猫。我会喵喵喵…。

内容2:首先为线性表定义接口及抽象类,然后使用数组实现线性表。

(1)定义一个接口MyList,里面包含插入、查找、删除、替换、获取线性表长度、判断线性表是否为空、清空线性表等抽象方法;

(2)定义一个抽象类MyAbstractList实现接口MyList,该抽象类拥有唯一的属性size(protected修饰),表示当前线性表的长度,并提供无参和有参构造方法完成线性表的初始化,重写接口中添加、删除、判断线性表是否为空及返回线性表长度的方法;

(3)利用数组实现线性表:定义一个MyArrayList类,继承自抽象类MyAbstractList,并利用数组实现所有操作。

(4)给出测试类

内容3完善电商购物平台项目,在已有类(商品类目类、商品类和商品数据库类)的基础上,增加商品信息查询接口BookDao类和接口的实现类BookDaoaImpl,完成商品信息录入,修改,查询等功能。  

内容4:(学生自由创造)

根据你理解的接口的含义,自己写一个有关接口的案例,并测试运行。请在下面描述你的案例:

一 自我介绍

package one;
abstract class Pet {
    private String name;
    private String color;
    private String breed;
    public Pet() {
        super();
    }
    public Pet(String name, String color, String breed) {
        super();
        this.name = name;
        this.color = color;
        this.breed = breed;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public String getColor() {
        return color;
    }
    public void setColor(String color) {
        this.color = color;
    }
    public String getBreed() {
        return breed;
    }
    public void setBreed(String breed) {
        this.breed = breed;
    }
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "我叫" + name + ", 我是一只" + color + "的" + breed + "。";
    }
    //抽象方法:abstract修饰的方法叫抽象方法,抽象方法只有方法声明没有方法体,抽象方法只能放到抽象类中
    public abstract void cry();


}
class Dog extends Pet {
    public Dog() {
        super();
    }
    public Dog(String name, String color, String breed) {
        super(name, color, breed);
    }
    @Override
    public void cry() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        System.out.println("我会汪汪汪...");
    }
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "我是汪星人。" +  super.toString();
    }


}
class Cat extends Pet{
    public Cat() {
        super();
    }
    public Cat(String name, String color, String breed) {
        super(name, color, breed);
    }
    @Override
    public void cry() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        System.out.println("我会喵喵喵...");
    }
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "我是喵星人。" +  super.toString();
    }

}
class Simulator {
    public static void playSounds(Pet pet) {
        System.out.println(pet.toString());
        pet.cry();
    }
}
public class TestPet {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        Simulator si = new Simulator();
        si.playSounds(new Cat("咪咪", "白色", "波斯猫"));
        si.playSounds(new Dog("乐乐", "黑色", "牧羊犬"));

    }

二 线性表

package two;

public class TestArrayList {
    public static void main(String[] args){
        MyArrayList list = new MyArrayList();
        list.add(0,"高等数学");
        list.add(1,"线性代数");
        list.add(2,"概率论与数理统计");
        list.add(3,"离散数学");
        list.printAll();
        System.out.println("现有元素个数:"+list.size()+"个");
        list.find("离散数学");
        list.find("大学物理");

        list.enprint("高等数学");

        list.del("概率论与数理统计");
        list.printAll();

        list.change(0, "面向对象程序设计");
        list.printAll();
        list.clear();
        list.printAll();
        list.empty();
        System.out.println(list.empty());
    }
}
class MyArrayList {
    int size;
    final int CAPACITY = 100;
    String[] data;

    //初始化
    public MyArrayList(){
        size = 0;
        data = new String[CAPACITY];
    }

    //线性表个数
    public int size(){
        return size;
    }

    //index代表插入位置,e代表将要插入的元素
    public void add(int index,String e){
        for(int i=size-1;i>=index;i--){
            data[i+1]=data[i];
        }
        data[index] = e;
        size++;
    }

    //线性表查找
    public void find(String e){
        int i=0;
        boolean m=false;
        for(;i<size;i++) {
            if(data[i].equals(e)){
                System.out.println(data[i]+"是第"+(i+1)+"个元素");
                m=true;
            }
        }
        if(m==false) {
            System.out.println("不存在"+e+"这个元素");
        }
    }

    //线性表反向查找
    public void enprint(String e){
        int i=0;
        boolean m=false;
        for(i=size-1;i>=0;i--){
            if(data[i].equals(e)){
                System.out.println(data[i]+"是第"+(i+1)+"个元素");
                m=true;
            }
        }
        if(m==false){
            System.out.println("不存在"+e+"这个元素");
        }
    }

    //线性表删除
    public boolean del(String e){
        System.out.println("删除字符串"+e);
        for(int i=0;i<size;i++){
            if(data[i]==e){
                for(int j=i;j<size;j++){
                    data[j]=data[j+1];
                }
                size--;
                return true;
            }
        }
        return false;
    }

    //线性表替换
    public void change(int index,String m){
        System.out.println("将第"+(index+1)+"个元素"+data[index]+"改成"+m);
        data[index]=m;
    }

    //线性表清空
    public void clear(){
        data=new String[CAPACITY];
        size=0;
    }

    //线性表判空
    public boolean empty(){
        if(size==0)
            return true;
        else
            return false;
    }

    //输出
    public void printAll() {
        System.out.print("【");
        for(int i=0;i<size;i++){
            System.out.print(data[i]);
            if(i!=size-1)
                System.out.print(",");
        }
        System.out.println("】");
    }
}

三 电商购物平台

package three.onlineshopping.dao;

import three.onlineshopping.entity.Book;

public interface BookDao {
    /**
     * 查询所有的书籍信息
     * @return 所有的书籍信息
     */
    public abstract Book[] queryAllBooks();

    /**
     * 根据书籍编号查询书籍的详细信息
     * @param id 用户输入的书籍编号
     * @return 书籍的详细信息
     */
    public abstract Book queryBookById(String id);
}
package three.onlineshopping.dao;

import three.onlineshopping.db.BookDataSet;
import three.onlineshopping.entity.Book;

public class BookDaoImpl implements BookDao {
    private BookDataSet bds;
    public BookDaoImpl() {
        super();
        bds = new BookDataSet();
    }
    /**
     * 查询所有的书籍信息
     * @return 所有的书籍信息
     */
    @Override
    public Book[] queryAllBooks() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        Book[] books = bds.getBooks();
        return books;
    }

    @Override
    public Book queryBookById(String id) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        //获取所有的书籍信息
        Book[] books = bds.getBooks();
        //遍历所有的书籍信息做对比
        for(int i=0; i<books.length; i++) {
            if(books[i].getBid().equals(id)) {
                return books[i];
            }

        }
        //如果没有找到任何书籍信息
        return null;
    }

}
package three.onlineshopping.db;

import three.onlineshopping.entity.Book;
import three.onlineshopping.entity.Category;

public class BookDataSet {
    private Book[] books =new Book[4];
    public BookDataSet(){
        Category c = new Category(01, "小说", "玄幻小说");
        books[0] =new Book("b001", "盗墓笔记", "南派三叔", 100, c );
        books[1] =new Book("b002", "射雕英雄传", "金庸", 98, new Category(01, "小说", "武侠") );
        books[2] =new Book("b003", "疯狂英语", "李阳", 66, new Category(02, "工具", "英语学习") );
        books[3] =new Book("b004", "Java", "孙乔", 63, new Category(02, "工具", "软件编程") );
    }
    public Book[] getBooks() {
        return books;
    }
    public void setBooks(Book[] books) {
        this.books = books;
    }
}
package three.onlineshopping.entity;

public class Book {
    private String bid;
    private String name;
    private String author;
    private int num;
    private Category category;
    public Book() {
        super();
    }
    public Book(String bid, String name, String author, int num, Category category) {
        super();
        this.bid = bid;
        this.name = name;
        this.author = author;
        this.num = num;
        this.category = category;
    }
    public String getBid() {
        return bid;
    }
    public void setBid(String bid) {
        this.bid = bid;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public String getAuthor() {
        return author;
    }
    public void setAuthor(String author) {
        this.author = author;
    }
    public int getNum() {
        return num;
    }
    public void setNum(int num) {
        this.num = num;
    }
    public Category getCategory() {
        return category;
    }
    public void setCategory(Category category) {
        this.category = category;
    }
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "书籍编号:" + bid + "|书名:" + name + "|作者:" + author + "|库存:" + num + "|书籍类目:" + category;
    }

}

package three.onlineshopping.entity;

public class Category {
    private int id;
    private String firstLevel;
    private String secondLevel;
    public Category() {
        super();
    }
    public Category(int id, String firstLevel, String secondLevel) {
        super();
        this.id = id;
        this.firstLevel = firstLevel;
        this.secondLevel = secondLevel;
    }
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    public String getFirstLevel() {
        return firstLevel;
    }
    public void setFirstLevel(String firstLevel) {
        this.firstLevel = firstLevel;
    }
    public String getSecondLevel() {
        return secondLevel;
    }
    public void setSecondLevel(String secondLevel) {
        this.secondLevel = secondLevel;
    }
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return firstLevel + ">" + secondLevel;
    }

}
package three.onlineshopping.service;

public interface BookService {
    public void queryBooks();
    void queryBookById();
}
package three.onlineshopping.service;

import java.util.Scanner;

import three.onlineshopping.dao.BookDao;
import three.onlineshopping.dao.BookDaoImpl;
import three.onlineshopping.entity.Book;

public class BookServiceImpl implements BookService {
    private BookDao bDao = new BookDaoImpl();
    @Override
    public void queryBooks() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        Book[] books = bDao.queryAllBooks();
        for(Book book:books) {
            System.out.println(book);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void queryBookById() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        System.out.println("请输入书籍编号:");
        Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
        String id = sc.next();
        Book book = bDao.queryBookById(id);
        if(book == null) {
            System.out.println("没有这本书");
        }
        System.out.println(book);
    }

}
package three.onlineshopping;

import three.onlineshopping.service.BookService;
import three.onlineshopping.service.BookServiceImpl;

public class MainClass {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        BookService bs = new BookServiceImpl();
        bs.queryBooks();
        bs.queryBookById();
    }

}

四 USB

package four;

class Computer {
    public void useUSB(USB u) {
        u.install();
        u.work();
        u.close();
    }
}
class Mouse implements USB {

    @Override
    public void install() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        System.out.println("安装鼠标驱动。");
    }

    @Override
    public void work() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        System.out.println("使用鼠标~");
    }

    @Override
    public void close() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        System.out.println("拔掉鼠标");
    }

}
class Printer implements USB {

    @Override
    public void install() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        System.out.println("安装打印机驱动");
    }

    @Override
    public void work() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        System.out.println("开始打印");
    }

    @Override
    public void close() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        System.out.println("打印机关闭");
    }

}
interface USB {
    public abstract void install();
    public abstract void work();
    public abstract void close();
}
public class TestComputer {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        Computer c = new Computer();
        c.useUSB(new Mouse());
        c.useUSB(new Printer());
    }

}

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