启动springMVC项目报ClassNotFoundException异常

搭建SSM项目后，启动项目报如下异常：

 at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.determineCandidateConstructors(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:265) ~[spring-beans-5.1.5.RELEASE.jar:5.1.5.RELEASE]
 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.determineConstructorsFromBeanPostProcessors(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1253) ~[spring-beans-5.1.5.RELEASE.jar:5.1.5.RELEASE]
 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBeanInstance(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1168) ~[spring-beans-5.1.5.RELEASE.jar:5.1.5.RELEASE]
 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:555) ~[spring-beans-5.1.5.RELEASE.jar:5.1.5.RELEASE]
 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:515) ~[spring-beans-5.1.5.RELEASE.jar:5.1.5.RELEASE]
 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.lambda$doGetBean$0(AbstractBeanFactory.java:320) ~[spring-beans-5.1.5.RELEASE.jar:5.1.5.RELEASE]
 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:222) ~[spring-beans-5.1.5.RELEASE.jar:5.1.5.RELEASE]
 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:318) ~[spring-beans-5.1.5.RELEASE.jar:5.1.5.RELEASE]
 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:199) ~[spring-beans-5.1.5.RELEASE.jar:5.1.5.RELEASE]
 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:849) ~[spring-beans-5.1.5.RELEASE.jar:5.1.5.RELEASE]
 at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:877) ~[spring-context-5.1.5.RELEASE.jar:5.1.5.RELEASE]
 at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:549) ~[spring-context-5.1.5.RELEASE.jar:5.1.5.RELEASE]
 at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:400) ~[spring-web-5.1.5.RELEASE.jar:5.1.5.RELEASE]
 at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.initWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:291) ~[spring-web-5.1.5.RELEASE.jar:5.1.5.RELEASE]
 at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener.contextInitialized(ContextLoaderListener.java:103) ~[spring-web-5.1.5.RELEASE.jar:5.1.5.RELEASE]
 at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.listenerStart(StandardContext.java:4682) ~[catalina.jar:9.0.17]
 at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5150) ~[catalina.jar:9.0.17]
 at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:183) ~[catalina.jar:9.0.17]
 at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:713) ~[catalina.jar:9.0.17]
 at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChild(ContainerBase.java:690) ~[catalina.jar:9.0.17]
 at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.addChild(StandardHost.java:695) ~[catalina.jar:9.0.17]
 at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.manageApp(HostConfig.java:1729) ~[catalina.jar:9.0.17]
 at jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) ~[?:?]
 at jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62) ~[?:?]
 at jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) ~[?:?]
 at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:564) ~[?:?]
 at org.apache.tomcat.util.modeler.BaseModelMBean.invoke(BaseModelMBean.java:289) ~[tomcat-coyote.jar:9.0.17]
 at com.sun.jmx.interceptor.DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.invoke(DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.java:809) ~[?:?]
 at com.sun.jmx.mbeanserver.JmxMBeanServer.invoke(JmxMBeanServer.java:801) ~[?:?]
 at org.apache.catalina.mbeans.MBeanFactory.createStandardContext(MBeanFactory.java:457) ~[catalina.jar:9.0.17]
 at org.apache.catalina.mbeans.MBeanFactory.createStandardContext(MBeanFactory.java:406) ~[catalina.jar:9.0.17]
 at jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) ~[?:?]
 at jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62) ~[?:?]
 at jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) ~[?:?]
 at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:564) ~[?:?]
 at org.apache.tomcat.util.modeler.BaseModelMBean.invoke(BaseModelMBean.java:289) ~[tomcat-coyote.jar:9.0.17]
 at com.sun.jmx.interceptor.DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.invoke(DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.java:809) ~[?:?]
 at com.sun.jmx.mbeanserver.JmxMBeanServer.invoke(JmxMBeanServer.java:801) ~[?:?]
 at javax.management.remote.rmi.RMIConnectionImpl.doOperation(RMIConnectionImpl.java:1466) ~[?:?]
 at javax.management.remote.rmi.RMIConnectionImpl.access$300(RMIConnectionImpl.java:75) ~[?:?]
 at javax.management.remote.rmi.RMIConnectionImpl$PrivilegedOperation.run(RMIConnectionImpl.java:1307) ~[?:?]
 at javax.management.remote.rmi.RMIConnectionImpl.doPrivilegedOperation(RMIConnectionImpl.java:1399) ~[?:?]
 at javax.management.remote.rmi.RMIConnectionImpl.invoke(RMIConnectionImpl.java:827) ~[?:?]
 at jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) ~[?:?]
 at jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62) ~[?:?]
 at jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) ~[?:?]
 at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:564) ~[?:?]
 at sun.rmi.server.UnicastServerRef.dispatch(UnicastServerRef.java:359) ~[?:?]
 at sun.rmi.transport.Transport$1.run(Transport.java:200) ~[?:?]
 at sun.rmi.transport.Transport$1.run(Transport.java:197) ~[?:?]
 at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method) ~[?:?]
 at sun.rmi.transport.Transport.serviceCall(Transport.java:196) ~[?:?]
 at sun.rmi.transport.tcp.TCPTransport.handleMessages(TCPTransport.java:562) ~[?:?]
 at sun.rmi.transport.tcp.TCPTransport$ConnectionHandler.run0(TCPTransport.java:796) ~[?:?]
 at sun.rmi.transport.tcp.TCPTransport$ConnectionHandler.lambda$run$0(TCPTransport.java:677) ~[?:?]
 at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method) ~[?:?]
 at sun.rmi.transport.tcp.TCPTransport$ConnectionHandler.run(TCPTransport.java:676) [?:?]
 at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1135) [?:?]
 at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:635) [?:?]
 at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:844) [?:?]
Caused by: java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to introspect Class [org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver] from ClassLoader [ParallelWebappClassLoader
  context: springssmhello
  delegate: false
----------> Parent Classloader:
java.net.URLClassLoader@557caf28
]
 at org.springframework.util.ReflectionUtils.getDeclaredMethods(ReflectionUtils.java:686) ~[spring-core-5.1.5.RELEASE.jar:5.1.5.RELEASE]
 at org.springframework.util.ReflectionUtils.doWithMethods(ReflectionUtils.java:583) ~[spring-core-5.1.5.RELEASE.jar:5.1.5.RELEASE]
 at org.springframework.util.ReflectionUtils.doWithMethods(ReflectionUtils.java:568) ~[spring-core-5.1.5.RELEASE.jar:5.1.5.RELEASE]
 at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.determineCandidateConstructors(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:248) ~[spring-beans-5.1.5.RELEASE.jar:5.1.5.RELEASE]
 ... 59 more
Caused by: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/apache/commons/fileupload/FileItemFactory
 at java.lang.Class.getDeclaredMethods0(Native Method) ~[?:?]
 at java.lang.Class.privateGetDeclaredMethods(Class.java:3119) ~[?:?]
 at java.lang.Class.getDeclaredMethods(Class.java:2268) ~[?:?]
 at org.springframework.util.ReflectionUtils.getDeclaredMethods(ReflectionUtils.java:668) ~[spring-core-5.1.5.RELEASE.jar:5.1.5.RELEASE]
 at org.springframework.util.ReflectionUtils.doWithMethods(ReflectionUtils.java:583) ~[spring-core-5.1.5.RELEASE.jar:5.1.5.RELEASE]
 at org.springframework.util.ReflectionUtils.doWithMethods(ReflectionUtils.java:568) ~[spring-core-5.1.5.RELEASE.jar:5.1.5.RELEASE]
26-Mar-2019 19:45:58.644 严重 [RMI TCP Connection(3)-127.0.0.1] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal One or more listeners failed to start. Full details will be found in the appropriate container log file
 at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.determineCandidateConstructors(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:248) ~[spring-beans-5.1.5.RELEASE.jar:5.1.5.RELEASE]
 ... 59 more
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileItemFactory
 at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoaderBase.loadClass(WebappClassLoaderBase.java:1363) ~[catalina.jar:9.0.17]
 at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoaderBase.loadClass(WebappClassLoaderBase.java:1186) ~[catalina.jar:9.0.17]
 at java.lang.Class.getDeclaredMethods0(Native Method) ~[?:?]
 at java.lang.Class.privateGetDeclaredMethods(Class.java:3119) ~[?:?]
 at java.lang.Class.getDeclaredMethods(Class.java:2268) ~[?:?]
 at org.springframework.util.ReflectionUtils.getDeclaredMethods(ReflectionUtils.java:668) ~[spring-core-5.1.5.RELEASE.jar:5.1.5.RELEASE]
 at org.springframework.util.ReflectionUtils.doWithMethods(ReflectionUtils.java:583) ~[spring-core-5.1.5.RELEASE.jar:5.1.5.RELEASE]
 at org.springframework.util.ReflectionUtils.doWithMethods(ReflectionUtils.java:568) ~[spring-core-5.1.5.RELEASE.jar:5.1.5.RELEASE]
 at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.determineCandidateConstructors(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:248) ~[spring-beans-5.1.5.RELEASE.jar:5.1.5.RELEASE]
 ... 59 more

其中关键异常如下：

Caused by: java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to introspect Class [org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver] from ClassLoader [ParallelWebappClassLoader

Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileItemFactory

经分析是由于在springMVC配置文件中引入上传下载bean，但未引包导致的，springMVC配置如下：

<bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver"></bean>

需要引入如下jar包：

commons-fileupload-1.2.1.jar
commons-io-1.4.jar

maven依赖如下：

<dependency>
    <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
    <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
    <version>1.4</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
    <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
    <version>2.6</version>
</dependency>