SpringCloud学习笔记(二) Rest微服务构建案例工程模块

最新推荐文章于 2024-10-15 11:14:03 发布

Shinka-深深

最新推荐文章于 2024-10-15 11:14:03 发布

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分类专栏： # SpringCloud 文章标签：微服务 demo

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/shinka_yxs/article/details/103002661

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整体父工程Project

【microservicecloud】

新建父工程microservicecloud，切记是Packageing是pom模式
主要是定义POM文件，将后续各个子模块公用的jar包等统一提出来，类似一个抽象父类

创建步骤
在这里插入图片描述

pom.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.shinka.springcloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>microservicecloud</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>microservicecloud</name>
    <packaging>pom</packaging>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
        <junit.version>4.12</junit.version>
        <log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>
        <lombok.version>1.16.18</lombok.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>Dalston.SR2</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>1.5.9.RELEASE</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>mysql</groupId>
                <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
                <version>5.0.4</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
                <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
                <version>1.0.31</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
                <version>1.3.0</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
                <artifactId>logback-core</artifactId>
                <version>1.2.3</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId> junit</groupId>
                <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
                <version>${junit.version}</version>
                <scope>test</scope>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>log4j</groupId>
                <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
                <version>${log4j.version}</version>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>
</project>

公共子模块Module

【microservicecloud-api】
在这里插入图片描述

pom.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <!--子类里面显式声明才能有明确的继承表现，无意外就是父类的默认版本否则自己定义-->
    <parent>
        <artifactId>microservicecloud</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.shinka.springcloud</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>

    <!--当前Module叫什么名字-->
    <artifactId>microservicecloud-api</artifactId>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <!--当前Module需要用到的jar包，按自己需求添加，如果父类已经包含了，可以不用写版本号-->
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

创建完microservicecloud-api之后，microservicecloud的pom文件会多出如下内容：

<modules>
    <module>../microservicecloud-api</module>
</modules>

部门类

com.demo.springCloud.entities.Dept

package com.demo.springCloud.entities;

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import lombok.experimental.Accessors;

import java.io.Serializable;

@SuppressWarnings("serial")
//@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
@Data
@Accessors(chain = true)    //链式风格访问
public class Dept implements Serializable { //必须序列化

    private Long deptno; //主键
    private String dname; //部门名称
    private String dbsource;// 来自哪个数据库,因为微服务架构可以一个服务对应一个数据库，同一个信息被存储到不同数据库

    public Dept(String dname){
        super();
        this.dname = dname;
    }

//    public static void main(String[] args) {
//
//        Dept dept = new Dept();
//        //链式写法
//        dept.setDeptno(11L).setDname("RD").setDbsource("DB01");
//    }

}

打包

对microservicecloud-api执行mvn clean install

部门微服务提供者Module

【microservicecloud-provider-dept-8001】
在这里插入图片描述

项目结构

在这里插入图片描述

pom.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>microservicecloud</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.shinka.springcloud</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>

    <artifactId>microservicecloud-provider-dept-8001</artifactId>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency><!--引入自己定义的api通用包，可以使用Dept部门Entity -->
            <groupId>com.shinka.springcloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>microservicecloud-api</artifactId>
            <version>${project.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
            <artifactId>logback-core</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--修改后立即生效，热部署-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>springloaded</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
        </dependency>


        <!--<dependency>-->
        <!--<groupId>log4j</groupId>-->
        <!--<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>-->
        <!--</dependency>-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j-core</artifactId>
            <version>2.11.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j-to-slf4j</artifactId>
            <version>2.8.2</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

SQL

DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS cloudDB01;
CREATE DATABASE cloudDB01 CHARACTER SET UTF8;
USE cloudDB01;

CREATE TABLE dept
(
	deptno BIGINT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
	dname VARCHAR(60),
	db_source VARCHAR(60)
);

INSERT INTO dept (dname, db_source) VALUES('开发部', DATABASE());
INSERT INTO dept (dname, db_source) VALUES('人事部', DATABASE());
INSERT INTO dept (dname, db_source) VALUES('财务部', DATABASE());
INSERT INTO dept (dname, db_source) VALUES('市场部', DATABASE());
INSERT INTO dept (dname, db_source) VALUES('运维部', DATABASE());

SELECT * FROM dept;

部门微服务消费者Module

【**microservicecloud-consumer-dept-80 **】

pom.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>microservicecloud</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.shinka.springcloud</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>

    <artifactId>microservicecloud-consumer-dept-80</artifactId>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency><!--引入自己定义的api通用包，可以使用Dept部门Entity -->
            <groupId>com.shinka.springcloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>microservicecloud-api</artifactId>
            <version>${project.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--修改后立即生效，热部署-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>springloaded</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

application.yml

server:
  port: 80

配置类

com.demo.springCloud.cfgbean.ConfigBean

SpringBoot优化了Spring框架，Spring用的配置文件叫applicationContext.xml，这个文件中会配置bean的id和class路径等，而Spring不用这个文件了，用的是@Configuration注解版的配置，目前可以将它理解为：加了Configuration注解之后就等同于applicationContext.xml。

@Configuration
public class ConfigBean {

    @Bean
    public RestTemplate getRestTemplate(){
        return new RestTemplate();
    }
}

//@Bean
//public UserServcie getUserServcie()
//{
//  return new UserServcieImpl();
//}
// applicationContext.xml == ConfigBean(@Configuration)
//<bean id="userService" class="com.atguigu.tmall.UserServiceImpl">

Controller

com.demo.springCloud.controller.DeptController_Consumer

RestTemplate提供了多种便捷访问远程Http服务的方法，是一种简单便捷的访问restful服务模板类，是Spring提供的用于访问Rest服务的客户端模板工具集。就是把Rest调用又封装了一层。

官方API文档

@RestController
public class DeptController_Consumer {

    private static final String REST_URL_PREFIX = "http://localhost:8001";

//    Controller层通过RestTemplate来进行 Rest的调用 和 发出Rest请求、
    @Autowired
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;

//    使用restTemplate访问restful接口非常的简单粗暴无脑。
//    (url, requestMap, ResponseBean.class)这三个参数分别代表
//    REST请求地址、请求参数、HTTP响应转换被转换成的对象类型。

    @RequestMapping(value = "/consumer/dept/add")
    public boolean add(@RequestBody Dept dept){
        return restTemplate.postForObject(REST_URL_PREFIX+"/dept/add", dept, Boolean.class);
    }

    @RequestMapping(value = "/consumer/dept/get/{id}")
    public Dept get(@PathVariable("id") Long id){
        return restTemplate.getForObject(REST_URL_PREFIX+"/dept/get/"+id, Dept.class);
    }

    @RequestMapping(value = "/consumer/dept/get/list")
    public List<Dept> list(){
        return restTemplate.getForObject(REST_URL_PREFIX+"/dept/list", List.class);
    }
}